我尝试按照官方网站的指示安装Kivy：
$ sudo apt-get install python-setuptools python-pygame python-opengl \
python-gst0.10 python-enchant gstreamer0.10-plugins-good python-dev \
build-essential libgl1-mesa-dev libgles2-mesa-dev python-pip
$ sudo pip install --upgrade cython
$ sudo easy_install kivy
这是我的输出结果：
Searching for kivy
Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/kivy/
Best match: Kivy 1.4.1
Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/K/Kivy/Kivy-1.4.1.tar.gz#md5=94bba894269e4bdecc7881f256367e01
Processing Kivy-1.4.1.tar.gz
Running Kivy-1.4.1/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/egg-dist-tmp-EcKbfC
[INFO ] Kivy v1.4.1
Found GLES 2.0 headers at /usr/include/GLES2/gl2.h
Build configuration is:
* use_opengl_es2 = True
* use_glew = False
* use_opengl_debug = False
* use_mesagl = False
Generate config.h
Generate config.pxi
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c: In function ‘__pyx_f_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_6Matrix_identity’:
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c:2774:13: error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c: In function ‘__pyx_f_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_6Matrix_inverse’:
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c:2978:13: error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c:2980:13: error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c: In function ‘__pyx_f_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_6Matrix_multiply’:
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c:3364:13: error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c:3366:13: error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c:3368:13: error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c: In function ‘__pyx_pf_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_6Matrix_20__str__’:
/tmp/easy_install-MMi2Fv/Kivy-1.4.1/kivy/graphics/transformation.c:3674:13: error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
error: Setup script exited with error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
在网上找不到答案后，我开始调查生成错误的文件：transformation.c、transformation.pyx和transformation.pyd。我也稍微了解了一下Cython。
首先，所有的错误都是同一类型的：
error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
第一个错误在此处被引发：
__pyx_t_3 = __pyx_v_self->mat;
__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t
这个奇怪的名称是因为它是从 transformation.pxd 文件自动生成的:
ctypedef double matrix_t[16]
因此，type（__pyx_t_3）== type（matrix_t）== double *。
__pyx_v_self的类型是：
struct __pyx_obj_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_Matrix *
这段内容是从transformation.pxd生成的：
ctypedef double matrix_t[16]
cdef class Matrix:
cdef matrix_t mat
...
因此，type（__pyx_v_self->mat）== type（Matrix.mat）== type（matrix_t）== double *。
正如我们所看到的，在赋值语句的两侧：
__pyx_t_3 = __pyx_v_self->mat;
这里的数据类型是(double *)。
为什么会出现这个错误：
error: incompatible types when assigning to type ‘__pyx_t_4kivy_8graphics_14transformation_matrix_t’ from type ‘double *’
被提高了吗？
看起来编译器没有将matrix_t的类型识别为double *。
#error Do not use this file, it is the result of a failed Cython compilationerror: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1，但是现在已经解决了。谢谢！+1 - Charles Clayton