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测试数据库类型[H2]的驱动程序在类路径中不可用。

javaspringsecurityh2
3

我正在尝试运行 Spring 安全 Web 应用程序，但在部署 Web 应用程序时出现以下异常：

o.s.b.f.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/baeldung/spring/TestDbConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean]: Factory method 'entityManagerFactory' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/baeldung/spring/TestDbConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [javax.sql.DataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Driver for test database type [H2] is not available in the classpath
    at o.s.b.f.s.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:599) ~[spring-beans-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1123)
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1018)
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:510)
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    ... 23 frames truncated
Caused by: o.s.b.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean]: Factory method 'entityManagerFactory' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/baeldung/spring/TestDbConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [javax.sql.DataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Driver for test database type [H2] is not available in the classpath
    at o.s.b.f.s.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:189) ~[spring-beans-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
    at o.s.b.f.s.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:588)
    ... 27 common frames omitted
Caused by: o.s.b.f.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/baeldung/spring/TestDbConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [javax.sql.DataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Driver for test database type [H2] is not available in the classpath
    at o.s.b.f.s.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:599) ~[spring-beans-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1123)
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1018)
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:510)
    at o.s.b.f.s.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    ... 17 frames truncated
    ... 28 common frames omitted

虽然我已经在pom.xml中添加了以下内容：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.192</version>
        </dependency>

这个jar包已经在类路径中了，但仍然出现上述异常。

有人能告诉我我做错了什么吗？

这个 jar 包会在你的 IDE 的类路径中。它也会部署在你的运行时环境中吗？ - Jim Garrison
@JimGarrison 通常情况下，添加到类路径中的所有jar文件都会在创建war文件时复制到应用程序的lib文件夹中。因此，这个jar文件也应该被复制。 - Subodh Joshi
应用程序如何打包以进行部署？ - Jim Garrison
@JimGarrison 通过创建应用程序的war文件 - Subodh Joshi
你确认WAR文件实际上包含了该库，它位于正确的路径，并且库JAR文件包含该类吗？ - Jim Garrison
@JimGarrison 我找到了解决方案，请查看答案部分。如果您可以在答案中添加更多内容，请告诉我。 - Subodh Joshi
1个回答
9

以下是我个人经验的解决方案，我在pom.xml文件中做了以下更改：我需要在h2依赖项中添加<scope>。

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.192</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

该范围用于限制依赖关系的可传递性，并影响各种构建任务使用的类路径。

运行时范围

该范围表示依赖关系不需要进行编译，但是需要在执行过程中使用。它位于运行时和测试类路径中，而不是编译类路径中。

你为什么也改变了版本？ - Christian MICHON
@ChristianMICHON 更改了版本。 - Subodh Joshi
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