如果我想像这样删除我的数据库中的所有表,它会处理外键约束吗?如果不行,那我该怎么处理它呢?
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.[Course]','U') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.[Course]
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.[Student]','U') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.[Student]
如果我想像这样删除我的数据库中的所有表,它会处理外键约束吗?如果不行,那我该怎么处理它呢?
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.[Course]','U') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.[Course]
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.[Student]','U') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.[Student]
SELECT *
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('Student')
如果有外键关系存在,通过这个语句,你可以创建SQL语句来删除这些外键关系:
SELECT
'ALTER TABLE [' + OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) +
'].[' + OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) +
'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + name + ']'
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('Student')
SELECT
'ALTER TABLE ' + OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) +
'.[' + OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) +
'] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + '[' + name + ']'
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('Student')将 [name] 替换为约束名 CONSTRAINT name。 - Stas Svishov这里是另一种正确删除所有表的方法,使用 sp_MSdropconstraints
存储过程。我能想到的最短代码:
exec sp_MSforeachtable "declare @name nvarchar(max); set @name = parsename('?', 1); exec sp_MSdropconstraints @name";
exec sp_MSforeachtable "drop table ?";
SELECT
'ALTER TABLE ' + OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(k.parent_object_id) +
'.[' + OBJECT_NAME(k.parent_object_id) +
'] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + k.name
FROM sys.foreign_keys k
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('your table')
一切都变得简单多了。有一个配置可以关闭检查和打开检查。
例如,如果您使用的是MySQL,则要关闭它,必须编写SET foreign_key_checks = 0;
然后删除或清除表,重新启用检查 SET foreign_key_checks = 1;
Removing Referenced FOREIGN KEY Constraints
Assuming there is a parent and child table Relationship in SQL Server:
--First find the name of the Foreign Key Constraint:
SELECT *
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('States')
--Then Find foreign keys referencing to dbo.Parent(States) table:
SELECT name AS 'Foreign Key Constraint Name',
OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) + '.' + OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) AS 'Child Table'
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo' AND
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo.State'
-- Drop the foreign key constraint by its name
ALTER TABLE dbo.cities DROP CONSTRAINT FK__cities__state__6442E2C9;
-- You can also use the following T-SQL script to automatically find
--and drop all foreign key constraints referencing to the specified parent
-- table:
BEGIN
DECLARE @stmt VARCHAR(300);
-- Cursor to generate ALTER TABLE DROP CONSTRAINT statements
DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR
SELECT 'ALTER TABLE ' + OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) + '.' +
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) +
' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + name
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'dbo' AND
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = 'states';
OPEN cur;
FETCH cur INTO @stmt;
-- Drop each found foreign key constraint
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC (@stmt);
FETCH cur INTO @stmt;
END
CLOSE cur;
DEALLOCATE cur;
END
GO
--Now you can drop the parent table:
DROP TABLE states;
--# Command(s) completed successfully.
create Procedure [dev].DeleteTablesFromSchema
(
@schemaName varchar(500)
)
As
begin
declare @constraintSchemaName nvarchar(128), @constraintTableName nvarchar(128), @constraintName nvarchar(128)
declare @sql nvarchar(max)
-- delete FK first
declare cur1 cursor for
select distinct
CASE WHEN t2.[object_id] is NOT NULL THEN s2.name ELSE s.name END as SchemaName,
CASE WHEN t2.[object_id] is NOT NULL THEN t2.name ELSE t.name END as TableName,
CASE WHEN t2.[object_id] is NOT NULL THEN OBJECT_NAME(d2.constraint_object_id) ELSE OBJECT_NAME(d.constraint_object_id) END as ConstraintName
from sys.objects t
inner join sys.schemas s
on t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
left join sys.foreign_key_columns d
on d.parent_object_id = t.[object_id]
left join sys.foreign_key_columns d2
on d2.referenced_object_id = t.[object_id]
inner join sys.objects t2
on d2.parent_object_id = t2.[object_id]
inner join sys.schemas s2
on t2.[schema_id] = s2.[schema_id]
WHERE t.[type]='U'
AND t2.[type]='U'
AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND t2.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND s.Name=@schemaName
open cur1
fetch next from cur1 into @constraintSchemaName, @constraintTableName, @constraintName
while @@fetch_status = 0
BEGIN
set @sql ='ALTER TABLE ' + @constraintSchemaName + '.' + @constraintTableName+' DROP CONSTRAINT '+@constraintName+';'
exec(@sql)
fetch next from cur1 into @constraintSchemaName, @constraintTableName, @constraintName
END
close cur1
deallocate cur1
DECLARE @tableName nvarchar(128)
declare cur2 cursor for
select s.Name, p.Name
from sys.objects p
INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON p.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
WHERE p.[type]='U' and is_ms_shipped = 0
AND s.Name=@schemaName
ORDER BY s.Name, p.Name
open cur2
fetch next from cur2 into @schemaName,@tableName
while @@fetch_status = 0
begin
set @sql ='DROP TABLE ' + @schemaName + '.' + @tableName
exec(@sql)
fetch next from cur2 into @schemaName,@tableName
end
close cur2
deallocate cur2
end
go
FOR XML PATH('')
的连接技巧,允许将多个输入行合并为单个输出行。适用于任何SQL 2005及更高版本。我已经注释了EXECUTE命令以确保安全。DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(max)
;WITH fkeys AS (
SELECT quotename(s.name) + '.' + quotename(o.name) tablename, quotename(fk.name) constraintname
FROM sys.foreign_keys fk
JOIN sys.objects o ON fk.parent_object_id = o.object_id
JOIN sys.schemas s ON o.schema_id = s.schema_id
)
SELECT @SQL = STUFF((SELECT '; ALTER TABLE ' + tablename + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + constraintname
FROM fkeys
FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')
-- EXECUTE(@sql)
SELECT @SQL = STUFF((SELECT '; DROP TABLE ' + quotename(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + quotename(TABLE_NAME)
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
FOR XML PATH('')),1,2,'')
-- EXECUTE(@sql)