Android API 23(Android 6+)上相机的表面视图功能无法正常工作

9
我希望在SurfaceView上使用相机制作背景,我已经成功地在Android API 23以下的版本中实现了。尽管我之前在API 23上的应用程序中请求了相机权限,但在我的Nexus 5上运行Android 6时仍会出现以下错误:
java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.hardware.Camera.setPreviewDisplay(android.view.SurfaceHolder)' on a null object reference at com.package.name.CameraPreview.surfaceCreated(CameraPreview.java:31)
我的代码如下:
import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

import java.io.IOException;

/** A basic Camera preview class */
public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Camera mCamera;

    public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera) {
        super(context);
        mCamera = camera;;

        // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the
        // underlying surface is created and destroyed.
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        // deprecated setting, but required on Android versions prior to 3.0
        mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
    }

    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        // The Surface has been created, now tell the activity_hologram where to draw the preview.
        try {
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
            mCamera.startPreview();
            mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.d("", "Error setting activity_hologram preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        // empty. Take care of releasing the Camera preview in your activity.
    }

    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) {
        // If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.
        // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.

        if (mHolder.getSurface() == null){
            // preview surface does not exist
            return;
        }

        // stop preview before making changes
        try {
            mCamera.stopPreview();
        } catch (Exception e){
            // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview
        }

        // set preview size and make any resize, rotate or
        // reformatting changes here

        // start preview with new settings
        try {
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);
            mCamera.startPreview();

        } catch (Exception e){
            Log.d("", "Error starting activity_hologram preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

}

错误出现在 mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder) 处。
我的主活动代码:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private static Context mContext;

private Camera mCamera;
private CameraPreview mPreview;

private FrameLayout layout;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    mContext = getApplicationContext();

    layout = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);

    mCamera = getCameraInstance();
    mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);
    layout.addView(mPreview);
}


/** A safe way to get an instance of the Camera object. */
public static Camera getCameraInstance(){
    Camera c = null;
    try {
        c = Camera.open(); // attempt to get a Camera instance
    }
    catch (Exception e){
        // Camera is not available (in use or does not exist)
    }
    return c; // returns null if activity_hologram is unavailable
}

}

我的清单得到了:

<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />

有没有解决Android 6上这个问题的想法?
感谢您的时间,祝好。

请问您能标记一下CameraPreview.java文件中的第31行是哪一行吗? - Fildor
mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder); - mmsergi
好的,那么我非常确定,我的答案会带你找到这个问题的源头。 - Fildor
4个回答

9

在@Fildor的回答基础上,指引了我正确的方向。相机对象为空。在API 23及以上版本中,进入应用信息 -> 权限并启用相机权限以成功获取相机对象。


4

我在注释中标出了问题所在:

public static Camera getCameraInstance(){
    Camera c = null;
    try {
        c = Camera.open(); // attempt to get a Camera instance
    }
    catch (Exception e){
        // Camera is not available (in use or does not exist)
// >>> HERE is your problem! Do not swallow exceptions silently!
    }
    return c; // returns null if activity_hologram is unavailable
}

看起来getCameraInstance返回了null,这可能有两个原因:
  1. Camera.Open()返回了null
  2. 有一个异常,你不会意识到它的存在,因为你只是默默地吞下它并继续执行。
另一个要点是:

此类在API级别21中已弃用。
我们建议新应用程序使用新的android.hardware.camera2 API。

来自Android开发者网站

谢谢你的回答,getCameraInstance()代码有效,但当我添加视图到layout.addView(mPreview)时它会崩溃。 - mmsergi
@mmsergi 异常信息是不同的。我从中读到的是,您尝试在 surfaceCreated 中对空引用调用 setPreviewDisplay。该引用为空引用 mCamera。如果 getCameraInstance 返回 null,则 mCamera 只能为 null,对吧?在 getCameraInstance 中记录异常——如果只是为了证明我错了。我会立即承认,但在那之前,我赌赢这个方法。 - Fildor

1

0

这个API在较新版本的Android上仍然可用,已经在6.0.1上进行了测试。唯一的问题是需要添加相机权限并要求用户明确授权。


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