我想确定我的程序是否在Windows Server版本上运行。显然，System.Environment不包含有关Windows是否为服务器版本的信息（在操作系统版本对象中没有此类信息）。
我知道可以使用SystemInformation.TerminalServerSession来检查程序是否在远程桌面上运行（参见这个问题），但如果用户仅远程访问普通客户端Windows机器，这也是正确的。
那么，有没有一种支持的方法来确定代码是在服务器上还是在客户机上运行？如有必要，我不介意使用P/Invoke。
注意：我不想在产品名称中搜索“Server”字符串，因为由于本地化，这可能在某些系统上无法正常工作。
感谢Nick的回答提供的指针，我终于找到了我所需要的东西。函数IsOS(OS_ANYSERVER)正好符合我的要求。这是一个示例代码，应该适用于任何操作系统版本（包括Vista之前的版本，因为我们通过从shlwapi.dll中按序号导入IsOS函数）：
class OS
{
public static bool IsWindowsServer()
{
return OS.IsOS (OS.OS_ANYSERVER);
}
const int OS_ANYSERVER = 29;
[DllImport("shlwapi.dll", SetLastError=true, EntryPoint="#437")]
private static extern bool IsOS(int os);
}
IsWindowsServer 是在 VersionHelpers.h 头文件中的一种内联函数。
您可以在计算机上找到并阅读该头文件。它使用了 API 函数 VerifyVersionInfoW。
在 kernel32.dll 中没有 IswindowsServer 函数。
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394239(v=vs.85).aspx
Win32_OperatingSystem
ProductType
Data type: uint32
Access type: Read-only
Additional system information.
Work Station (1)
Domain Controller (2)
Server (3)
我测试了以下操作系统版本：
以下是我的批处理文件示例。
Lucas。
for /f "tokens=2 delims==" %%a in ( 'wmic.exe os get producttype /value' ) do (
set PRODUCT_TYPE=%%a
)
if %PRODUCT_TYPE%==1 set PRODUCT_TYPE=Workstation
if %PRODUCT_TYPE%==2 set PRODUCT_TYPE=DomainController
if %PRODUCT_TYPE%==3 set PRODUCT_TYPE=Server
echo %COMPUTERNAME%: %PRODUCT_TYPE%
using Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure;
...
string Namespace = @"root\cimv2";
string className = "Win32_OperatingSystem";
CimInstance operatingSystem = new CimInstance(className, Namespace);
static class WindowsOperatingSystemHelper
{
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[DefaultDllImportSearchPaths(DllImportSearchPath.SafeDirectories)]
public static extern bool GetProductInfo(
int dwOSMajorVersion,
int dwOSMinorVersion,
int dwSpMajorVersion,
int dwSpMinorVersion,
out int pdwReturnedProductType);
public enum OperatingSystemSKU
{
UNDEFINED = 0,
ULTIMATE = 1,
HOME_BASIC = 2,
HOME_PREMIUM = 3,
ENTERPRISE = 4,
HOME_BASIC_N = 5,
BUSINESS = 6,
STANDARD_SERVER = 7,
DATACENTER_SERVER = 8,
SMALLBUSINESS_SERVER = 9,
ENTERPRISE_SERVER = 10,
STARTER = 11,
DATACENTER_SERVER_CORE = 12,
STANDARD_SERVER_CORE = 13,
ENTERPRISE_SERVER_CORE = 14,
ENTERPRISE_SERVER_IA64 = 15,
BUSINESS_N = 16,
WEB_SERVER = 17,
CLUSTER_SERVER = 18,
HOME_SERVER = 19,
STORAGE_EXPRESS_SERVER = 20,
STORAGE_STANDARD_SERVER = 21,
STORAGE_WORKGROUP_SERVER = 22,
STORAGE_ENTERPRISE_SERVER = 23,
SERVER_FOR_SMALLBUSINESS = 24,
SMALLBUSINESS_SERVER_PREMIUM = 25,
HOME_PREMIUM_N = 26,
ENTERPRISE_N = 27,
ULTIMATE_N = 28,
WEB_SERVER_CORE = 29,
MEDIUMBUSINESS_SERVER_MANAGEMENT = 30,
MEDIUMBUSINESS_SERVER_SECURITY = 31,
MEDIUMBUSINESS_SERVER_MESSAGING = 32,
SERVER_FOUNDATION = 33,
HOME_PREMIUM_SERVER = 34,
SERVER_FOR_SMALLBUSINESS_V = 35,
STANDARD_SERVER_V = 36,
DATACENTER_SERVER_V = 37,
ENTERPRISE_SERVER_V = 38,
DATACENTER_SERVER_CORE_V = 39,
STANDARD_SERVER_CORE_V = 40,
ENTERPRISE_SERVER_CORE_V = 41,
HYPERV = 42,
STORAGE_EXPRESS_SERVER_CORE = 43,
STORAGE_STANDARD_SERVER_CORE = 44,
STORAGE_WORKGROUP_SERVER_CORE = 45,
STORAGE_ENTERPRISE_SERVER_CORE = 46,
STARTER_N = 47,
PROFESSIONAL = 48,
PROFESSIONAL_N = 49,
SB_SOLUTION_SERVER = 50,
SERVER_FOR_SB_SOLUTIONS = 51,
STANDARD_SERVER_SOLUTIONS = 52,
STANDARD_SERVER_SOLUTIONS_CORE = 53,
SB_SOLUTION_SERVER_EM = 54,
SERVER_FOR_SB_SOLUTIONS_EM = 55,
SOLUTION_EMBEDDEDSERVER = 56,
SOLUTION_EMBEDDEDSERVER_CORE = 57,
PROFESSIONAL_EMBEDDED = 58,
ESSENTIALBUSINESS_SERVER_MGMT = 59,
ESSENTIALBUSINESS_SERVER_ADDL = 60,
ESSENTIALBUSINESS_SERVER_MGMTSVC = 61,
ESSENTIALBUSINESS_SERVER_ADDLSVC = 62,
SMALLBUSINESS_SERVER_PREMIUM_CORE = 63,
CLUSTER_SERVER_V = 64,
EMBEDDED = 65,
STARTER_E = 66,
HOME_BASIC_E = 67,
HOME_PREMIUM_E = 68,
PROFESSIONAL_E = 69,
ENTERPRISE_E = 70,
ULTIMATE_E = 71,
ENTERPRISE_EVALUATION = 72,
MULTIPOINT_STANDARD_SERVER = 76,
MULTIPOINT_PREMIUM_SERVER = 77,
STANDARD_EVALUATION_SERVER = 79,
DATACENTER_EVALUATION_SERVER = 80,
ENTERPRISE_N_EVALUATION = 84,
EMBEDDED_AUTOMOTIVE = 85,
EMBEDDED_INDUSTRY_A = 86,
THINPC = 87,
EMBEDDED_A = 88,
EMBEDDED_INDUSTRY = 89,
EMBEDDED_E = 90,
EMBEDDED_INDUSTRY_E = 91,
EMBEDDED_INDUSTRY_A_E = 92,
STORAGE_WORKGROUP_EVALUATION_SERVE = 95,
STORAGE_STANDARD_EVALUATION_SERVER = 96,
CORE_ARM = 97,
CORE_N = 98,
CORE_COUNTRYSPECIFIC = 99,
CORE_SINGLELANGUAGE = 100,
CORE = 101,
PROFESSIONAL_WMC = 103,
EMBEDDED_INDUSTRY_EVAL = 105,
EMBEDDED_INDUSTRY_E_EVAL = 106,
EMBEDDED_EVAL = 107,
EMBEDDED_E_EVAL = 108,
NANO_SERVER = 109,
CLOUD_STORAGE_SERVER = 110,
CORE_CONNECTED = 111,
PROFESSIONAL_STUDENT = 112,
CORE_CONNECTED_N = 113,
PROFESSIONAL_STUDENT_N = 114,
CORE_CONNECTED_SINGLELANGUAGE = 115,
CORE_CONNECTED_COUNTRYSPECIFIC = 116,
CONNECTED_CAR = 117,
INDUSTRY_HANDHELD = 118,
PPI_PRO = 119,
ARM64_SERVER = 120,
EDUCATION = 121,
EDUCATION_N = 122,
IOTUAP = 123,
CLOUD_HOST_INFRASTRUCTURE_SERVER = 124,
ENTERPRISE_S = 125,
ENTERPRISE_S_N = 126,
PROFESSIONAL_S = 127,
PROFESSIONAL_S_N = 128,
ENTERPRISE_S_EVALUATION = 129,
ENTERPRISE_S_N_EVALUATION = 130,
HOLOGRAPHIC = 135,
PRO_SINGLE_LANGUAGE = 138,
PRO_CHINA = 139,
ENTERPRISE_SUBSCRIPTION = 140,
ENTERPRISE_SUBSCRIPTION_N = 141,
DATACENTER_NANO_SERVER = 143,
STANDARD_NANO_SERVER = 144,
DATACENTER_A_SERVER_CORE = 145,
STANDARD_A_SERVER_CORE = 146,
DATACENTER_WS_SERVER_CORE = 147,
STANDARD_WS_SERVER_CORE = 148,
UTILITY_VM = 149,
DATACENTER_EVALUATION_SERVER_CORE = 159,
STANDARD_EVALUATION_SERVER_CORE = 160,
PRO_WORKSTATION = 161,
PRO_WORKSTATION_N = 162,
PRO_FOR_EDUCATION = 164,
PRO_FOR_EDUCATION_N = 165,
AZURE_SERVER_CORE = 168,
AZURE_NANO_SERVER = 169,
ENTERPRISEG = 171,
ENTERPRISEGN = 172,
SERVERRDSH = 175,
CLOUD = 178,
CLOUDN = 179,
HUBOS = 180,
ONECOREUPDATEOS = 182,
CLOUDE = 183,
ANDROMEDA = 184,
IOTOS = 185,
CLOUDEN = 186,
}
public static bool TryGetOperatingSystem(this Version version, out OperatingSystemSKU sku)
{
sku = OperatingSystemSKU.UNDEFINED;
if (GetProductInfo(version.Major, version.Minor, 0, 0, out int productType))
{
sku = (OperatingSystemSKU)productType;
}
return sku != OperatingSystemSKU.UNDEFINED;
}
public static bool IsWindowsServer()
{
if (TryGetOperatingSystem(Environment.OSVersion.Version, out var osSKU))
{
return osSKU.ToString().Contains("SERVER") || osSKU.ToString().Contains("DATA_CENTER") || osSKU == OperatingSystemSKU.CLUSTER_SERVER;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
}
if (WindowsOperatingSystemHelper.IsWindowsServer())
{
... your magic
}
if (WindowsOperatingSystemHelper.TryGetOperatingSystem(Environment.OSVersion.Version, out var operatingSystem))
{
... your magic
}
WinAPI 中的 VersionHelpers.h 头文件中应该有一组“版本助手函数”的定义，这些函数在内核32.DLL 的汇编中实现。根据文档，适用于您情况的函数是 IsWindowsServer(void)。描述如下：
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dn424963%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
在C#中，代码应该是这样的（未经测试）：using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
public static class MyClass
{
[DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
public static extern Boolean IsWindowsServer();
}
然后消费代码将会是这样：
bool is_it_a_server = MyClass.IsWindowsServer();
我从未使用过这些函数，所以请告诉我它们是如何工作的...
kernel32.dll中找不到IsWindowsServer。 - Pierre Arnaud