我正在尝试设置JUnit来测试我的android项目活动。该Android项目在AVD和设备上运行良好（还有一些错误，这就是为什么我想添加一些单元测试的原因）。我按照以下网站的步骤进行操作（它们或多或少都是相同的，但我仍然检查了所有网站，以确保我做的每件事都是正确的）：
http://mobile.tutsplus.com/tutorials/android/android-sdk-junit-testing/
http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_eclipse.html。
我使用与我的项目相同的工作区创建了一个测试项目，并创建了我的第一个测试用例。当我尝试运行测试时，我得到以下结果：
[2012-12-09 19:42:56 - AssassinTest] Android Launch!
[2012-12-09 19:42:56 - AssassinTest] adb is running normally.
[2012-12-09 19:42:56 - AssassinTest] Performing android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner JUnit launch
[2012-12-09 19:42:56 - AssassinTest] Automatic Target Mode: Preferred AVD 'Google_Level10' is available on emulator 'emulator -5554'
[2012-12-09 19:42:56 - AssassinTest] Uploading AssassinTest.apk onto device 'emulator-5554'
[2012-12-09 19:42:57 - AssassinTest] Installing AssassinTest.apk...
[2012-12-09 19:42:59 - AssassinTest] Success!
[2012-12-09 19:42:59 - AssassinTest] Project dependency found, installing: Assassin
[2012-12-09 19:43:01 - Assassin] Application already deployed. No need to reinstall.
[2012-12-09 19:43:01 - AssassinTest] Launching instrumentation android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner on device emulator-5554
[2012-12-09 19:43:01 - AssassinTest] Collecting test information
[2012-12-09 19:43:04 - AssassinTest] Test run failed: Instrumentation run failed due to 'java.lang.ClassNotFoundException'
并且这是我从LogCat中获得的：
12-09 19:43:02.929: E/dalvikvm(1255): Unable to resolve Ludes/assassi/test/InGameActivityTest; annotation class 19
12-09 19:43:02.929: D/AndroidRuntime(1255): Shutting down VM
12-09 19:43:02.929: W/dalvikvm(1255): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x40015560)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org.junit.Test
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.reflect.Method.getDeclaredAnnotations(Native Method)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.reflect.Method.getDeclaredAnnotations(Method.java:262)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.getAnnotations(AccessibleObject.java:188)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.getAnnotation(AccessibleObject.java:196)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.suitebuilder.TestMethod.getAnnotation(TestMethod.java:60)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.HasMethodAnnotation.apply(HasMethodAnnotation.java:39)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.HasMethodAnnotation.apply(HasMethodAnnotation.java:30)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at com.android.internal.util.Predicates$OrPredicate.apply(Predicates.java:106)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.HasAnnotation.apply(HasAnnotation.java:42)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.HasAnnotation.apply(HasAnnotation.java:31)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at com.android.internal.util.Predicates$NotPredicate.apply(Predicates.java:122)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.suitebuilder.TestSuiteBuilder.satisfiesAllPredicates(TestSuiteBuilder.java:254)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.suitebuilder.TestSuiteBuilder.build(TestSuiteBuilder.java:184)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onCreate(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:373)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:3246)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2200(ActivityThread.java:117)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:969)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:130)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.Test in loader dalvik.system.PathClassLoader[/system/framework/com.google.android.maps.jar:/system/framework/android.test.runner.jar:/data/app/udes.assassin.test-1.apk:/data/app/udes.assassin-2.apk]
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at dalvik.system.PathClassLoader.findClass(PathClassLoader.java:240)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:551)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:511)
12-09 19:43:02.961: E/AndroidRuntime(1255): ... 25 more
在一些论坛上搜索时，我读到可能是由于错误的清单文件导致的，但我没有看出我的清单文件有什么问题。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="udes.assassin.test"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" />
<instrumentation
android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
android:targetPackage="udes.assassin" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
</application>
</manifest>
最后，这是我唯一的JUnit测试类中的代码（至今）
package udes.assassin.test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import udes.assassin.InGameActivity;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
public class InGameActivityTest
extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<InGameActivity> {
public InGameActivityTest() {
super("udes.assassin", InGameActivity.class);
}
public InGameActivityTest(Class<InGameActivity> activityClass) {
super(activityClass);
}
@Before
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
}
@Test
public void testSetItemPosition() {
fail("Not yet implemented");
}
}
Thank you