我如何基于ASP.NET成员资格提供程序创建ASP.NET MVC 2的自定义成员资格?
我如何基于ASP.NET成员资格提供程序创建ASP.NET MVC 2的自定义成员资格?
我创建了一个新项目,其中包含自定义成员资格提供程序,并重写了MembershipProvider
抽象类的ValidateUser
方法:
public class MyMembershipProvider : MembershipProvider
{
public override bool ValidateUser(string username, string password)
{
// this is where you should validate your user credentials against your database.
// I've made an extra class so i can send more parameters
// (in this case it's the CurrentTerritoryID parameter which I used as
// one of the MyMembershipProvider class properties).
var oUserProvider = new MyUserProvider();
return oUserProvider.ValidateUser(username,password,CurrentTerritoryID);
}
}
然后,我通过添加引用并在web.config文件中指定该提供程序的位置,将其连接到我的ASP.NET MVC 2项目:
<membership defaultProvider="MyMembershipProvider">
<providers>
<clear />
<add name="MyMembershipProvider"
applicationName="MyApp"
Description="My Membership Provider"
passwordFormat="Clear"
connectionStringName="MyMembershipConnection"
type="MyApp.MyMembershipProvider" />
</providers>
</membership>
我需要创建一个自定义类,继承RoleProvider
抽象类并重写GetRolesForUser
方法。ASP.NET MVC授权使用该方法查找分配给当前登录用户的角色,并确保用户有权访问控制器操作。
以下是我们需要执行的步骤:
1) 创建一个自定义类,继承RoleProvider抽象类并重写GetRolesForUser方法:
public override string[] GetRolesForUser(string username)
{
SpHelper db = new SpHelper();
DataTable roleNames = null;
try
{
// get roles for this user from DB...
roleNames = db.ExecuteDataset(ConnectionManager.ConStr,
"sp_GetUserRoles",
new MySqlParameter("_userName", username)).Tables[0];
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
string[] roles = new string[roleNames.Rows.Count];
int counter = 0;
foreach (DataRow row in roleNames.Rows)
{
roles[counter] = row["Role_Name"].ToString();
counter++;
}
return roles;
}
2) 通过我们的web.config文件将角色提供程序与ASP.NET MVC 2应用程序连接:
<system.web>
...
<roleManager enabled="true" defaultProvider="MyRoleProvider">
<providers>
<clear />
<add name="MyRoleProvider"
applicationName="MyApp"
type="MyApp.MyRoleProvider"
connectionStringName="MyMembershipConnection" />
</providers>
</roleManager>
...
</system.web>
3) 在所需的控制器/操作上方设置Authorize(Roles="xxx,yyy"):
[Authorization(Roles = "Customer Manager,Content Editor")]
public class MyController : Controller
{
......
}
搞定了!现在它可以工作了!
4) 可选:设置自定义的 Authorize
属性,这样我们就可以将不想要的角色重定向到一个“拒绝访问”页面:
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class MyAuthorizationAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute
{
/// <summary>
/// The name of the master page or view to use when rendering the view on authorization failure. Default
/// is null, indicating to use the master page of the specified view.
/// </summary>
public virtual string MasterName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// The name of the view to render on authorization failure. Default is "Error".
/// </summary>
public virtual string ViewName { get; set; }
public MyAuthorizationAttribute ()
: base()
{
this.ViewName = "Error";
}
protected void CacheValidateHandler(HttpContext context, object data, ref HttpValidationStatus validationStatus)
{
validationStatus = OnCacheAuthorization(new HttpContextWrapper(context));
}
public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
{
if (filterContext == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("filterContext");
}
if (AuthorizeCore(filterContext.HttpContext))
{
SetCachePolicy(filterContext);
}
else if (!filterContext.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
{
// auth failed, redirect to login page
filterContext.Result = new HttpUnauthorizedResult();
}
else if (filterContext.HttpContext.User.IsInRole("SuperUser"))
{
// is authenticated and is in the SuperUser role
SetCachePolicy(filterContext);
}
else
{
ViewDataDictionary viewData = new ViewDataDictionary();
viewData.Add("Message", "You do not have sufficient privileges for this operation.");
filterContext.Result = new ViewResult { MasterName = this.MasterName, ViewName = this.ViewName, ViewData = viewData };
}
}
protected void SetCachePolicy(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
{
// ** IMPORTANT **
// Since we're performing authorization at the action level, the authorization code runs
// after the output caching module. In the worst case this could allow an authorized user
// to cause the page to be cached, then an unauthorized user would later be served the
// cached page. We work around this by telling proxies not to cache the sensitive page,
// then we hook our custom authorization code into the caching mechanism so that we have
// the final say on whether a page should be served from the cache.
HttpCachePolicyBase cachePolicy = filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Cache;
cachePolicy.SetProxyMaxAge(new TimeSpan(0));
cachePolicy.AddValidationCallback(CacheValidateHandler, null /* data */);
}
}
现在我们可以使用自己制作的属性将用户重定向到访问被拒绝的视图:
[MyAuthorization(Roles = "Portal Manager,Content Editor", ViewName = "AccessDenied")]
public class DropboxController : Controller
{
.......
}
就是这样! 非常好!
以下是我用来获取所有这些信息的一些链接:
希望这些信息能够帮到你!
您也可以使用更少的代码来实现这一点,但我不确定这种方法是否同样安全,但它可以很好地与您使用的任何数据库配合使用。
在global.asax文件中:
protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (HttpContext.Current.User != null)
{
if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
{
if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity is FormsIdentity)
{
FormsIdentity id =
(FormsIdentity)HttpContext.Current.User.Identity;
FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = id.Ticket;
// Get the stored user-data, in this case, our roles
string userData = ticket.UserData;
string[] roles = userData.Split(',');
HttpContext.Current.User = new GenericPrincipal(id, roles);
}
}
}
}
public class dbService
{
private databaseDataContext db = new databaseDataContext();
public IQueryable<vwPostsInfo> AllPostsAndDetails()
{
return db.vwPostsInfos;
}
public IQueryable<role> GetUserRoles(int userID)
{
return (from r in db.roles
join ur in db.UsersRoles on r.rolesID equals ur.rolesID
where ur.userID == userID
select r);
}
public IEnumerable<user> GetUserId(string userName)
{
return db.users.Where(u => u.username.ToLower() == userName.ToLower());
}
public bool logOn(string username, string password)
{
try
{
var userID = GetUserId(username);
var rolesIQueryable = GetUserRoles(Convert.ToInt32(userID.Select(x => x.userID).Single()));
string roles = "";
foreach (var role in rolesIQueryable)
{
roles += role.rolesName + ",";
}
roles.Substring(0, roles.Length - 2);
FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
1, // Ticket version
username, // Username associated with ticket
DateTime.Now, // Date/time issued
DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30), // Date/time to expire
true, // "true" for a persistent user cookie
roles, // User-data, in this case the roles
FormsAuthentication.FormsCookiePath);// Path cookie valid for
// Encrypt the cookie using the machine key for secure transport
string hash = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(ticket);
HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie(
FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, // Name of auth cookie
hash); // Hashed ticket
// Set the cookie's expiration time to the tickets expiration time
if (ticket.IsPersistent) cookie.Expires = ticket.Expiration;
// Add the cookie to the list for outgoing response
HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);
return true;
}
catch
{
return (false);
}
}
}