我正在尝试使用boto3创建一个Python程序,以创建Amazon AutoScaling组。定义相应的CloudWatch警报和扩容/缩容策略。在从程序中启动新实例时提供之前步骤中创建的启动脚本。使用安全组端口80打开,这是程序:
所有这些的描述都是默认的VPC安全组。 我想要实现的基本上是为云应用程序的Web层创建一个自动扩展配置,按照以下步骤进行操作: 创建一个带有一到两个HTML页面的静态网站,并将页面和相关文件复制到Amazon S3存储桶中。 创建一个启动脚本来安装Apache服务器,并将网站文件从S3复制到实例中。 使用boto创建一个Amazon AutoScaling组的Python程序。定义相应的CloudWatch警报和缩放策略。在从程序启动新实例时提供先前步骤中创建的启动脚本。使用开放端口80的安全组。 在浏览器中打开新启动的实例的公共DNS,并验证静态网站是否可以正常工作。 我无法完成上述设置CloudWatch警报和指标以及查看它们在我的代码中如何运行。
# Check if the user has the Access & Secret key configured
import boto3
from boto3 import Session
session = Session()
credentials = session.get_credentials()
current_credentials = credentials.get_frozen_credentials()
# Break & Exit if any of the key is not present
if current_credentials.access_key is None:
print("Access Key missing, use `aws configure` to setup")
exit()
if current_credentials.secret_key is None:
print("Secret Key missing, use `aws configure` to setup")
exit()
# VPC design for multi az deployments
globalVars = {}
globalVars['REGION_NAME'] = "ap-south-1"
globalVars['AZ1'] = "ap-south-1a"
globalVars['AZ2'] = "ap-south-1b"
globalVars['CIDRange'] = "10.240.0.0/23"
globalVars['az1_pvtsubnet_CIDRange'] = "10.240.0.0/25"
globalVars['az1_pubsubnet_CIDRange'] = "10.240.0.128/26"
globalVars['az1_sparesubnet_CIDRange'] = "10.240.0.192/26"
globalVars['az2_pvtsubnet_CIDRange'] = "10.240.1.0/25"
globalVars['az2_pubsubnet_CIDRange'] = "10.240.1.128/26"
globalVars['az2_sparesubnet_CIDRange'] = "10.240.1.192/26"
globalVars['Project'] = { 'Key': 'Name', 'Value': 'test1'}
globalVars['tags'] = [{'Key': 'Owner', 'Value': 'test1'},
{'Key': 'Environment', 'Value': 'Test'},
{'Key': 'Department', 'Value': 'TestD'}]
# EC2 Parameters
globalVars['EC2-Amazon-AMI-ID'] = "ami-d783a9b8"
globalVars['EC2-InstanceType'] = "t2.micro"
globalVars['EC2-KeyName'] = "datastructutre key"
# AutoScaling Parameters
globalVars['ASG-LaunchConfigName'] = "ASG-Demo-LaunchConfig"
globalVars['ASG-AutoScalingGroupName'] = "ASG-Demo-AutoScalingGrp"
# Creating a VPC, Subnet, and Gateway
ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2', region_name=globalVars['REGION_NAME'])
ec2Client = boto3.client('ec2', region_name=globalVars['REGION_NAME'])
vpc = ec2.create_vpc(CidrBlock=globalVars['CIDRange'])
asgClient = boto3.client('autoscaling', region_name=globalVars['REGION_NAME'])
rds = boto3.client('rds', region_name=globalVars['REGION_NAME'])
# AZ1 Subnets
az1_pvtsubnet = vpc.create_subnet(CidrBlock=globalVars['az1_pvtsubnet_CIDRange'], AvailabilityZone=globalVars['AZ1'])
az1_pubsubnet = vpc.create_subnet(CidrBlock=globalVars['az1_pubsubnet_CIDRange'], AvailabilityZone=globalVars['AZ1'])
az1_sparesubnet = vpc.create_subnet(CidrBlock=globalVars['az1_sparesubnet_CIDRange'], AvailabilityZone=globalVars['AZ1'])
# AZ2 Subnet
az2_pvtsubnet = vpc.create_subnet(CidrBlock=globalVars['az2_pvtsubnet_CIDRange'], AvailabilityZone=globalVars['AZ2'])
az2_pubsubnet = vpc.create_subnet(CidrBlock=globalVars['az2_pubsubnet_CIDRange'], AvailabilityZone=globalVars['AZ2'])
az2_sparesubnet = vpc.create_subnet(CidrBlock=globalVars['az2_sparesubnet_CIDRange'], AvailabilityZone=globalVars['AZ2'])
# Enable DNS Hostnames in the VPC
vpc.modify_attribute(EnableDnsSupport={'Value': True})
vpc.modify_attribute(EnableDnsHostnames={'Value': True})
# Create the Internet Gatway & Attach to the VPC
intGateway = ec2.create_internet_gateway()
intGateway.attach_to_vpc(VpcId=vpc.id)
# Create another route table for Public & Private traffic
routeTable = ec2.create_route_table(VpcId=vpc.id)
rtbAssn=[]
rtbAssn.append(routeTable.associate_with_subnet(SubnetId=az1_pubsubnet.id))
rtbAssn.append(routeTable.associate_with_subnet(SubnetId=az1_pvtsubnet.id))
rtbAssn.append(routeTable.associate_with_subnet(SubnetId=az2_pubsubnet.id))
rtbAssn.append(routeTable.associate_with_subnet(SubnetId=az2_pvtsubnet.id))
# Create a route for internet traffic to flow out
intRoute = ec2Client.create_route(RouteTableId=routeTable.id, DestinationCidrBlock='0.0.0.0/0', GatewayId=intGateway.id)
# Tag the resources
vpc.create_tags (Tags=globalVars['tags'])
az1_pvtsubnet.create_tags (Tags=globalVars['tags'])
az1_pubsubnet.create_tags (Tags=globalVars['tags'])
az1_sparesubnet.create_tags(Tags=globalVars['tags'])
az2_pvtsubnet.create_tags (Tags=globalVars['tags'])
az2_pubsubnet.create_tags (Tags=globalVars['tags'])
az2_sparesubnet.create_tags(Tags=globalVars['tags'])
intGateway.create_tags (Tags=globalVars['tags'])
routeTable.create_tags (Tags=globalVars['tags'])
vpc.create_tags (Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-vpc'}])
az1_pvtsubnet.create_tags (Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-az1-private-subnet'}])
az1_pubsubnet.create_tags (Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-az1-public-subnet'}])
az1_sparesubnet.create_tags(Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-az1-spare-subnet'}])
az2_pvtsubnet.create_tags (Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-az2-private-subnet'}])
az2_pubsubnet.create_tags (Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-az2-public-subnet'}])
az2_sparesubnet.create_tags(Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-az2-spare-subnet'}])
intGateway.create_tags (Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-igw'}])
routeTable.create_tags (Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-rtb'}])
# Let create the Public & Private Security Groups
elbSecGrp = ec2.create_security_group(DryRun=False,
GroupName='elbSecGrp',
Description='ElasticLoadBalancer_Security_Group',
VpcId=vpc.id
)
pubSecGrp = ec2.create_security_group(DryRun=False,
GroupName='pubSecGrp',
Description='Public_Security_Group',
VpcId=vpc.id
)
pvtSecGrp = ec2.create_security_group(DryRun=False,
GroupName='pvtSecGrp',
Description='Private_Security_Group',
VpcId=vpc.id
)
elbSecGrp.create_tags(Tags=globalVars['tags'])
pubSecGrp.create_tags(Tags=globalVars['tags'])
pvtSecGrp.create_tags(Tags=globalVars['tags'])
elbSecGrp.create_tags(Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-elb-security-group'}])
pubSecGrp.create_tags(Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-public-security-group'}])
pvtSecGrp.create_tags(Tags=[{'Key': 'Name', 'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-private-security-group'}])
# Add a rule that allows inbound SSH, HTTP, HTTPS traffic ( from any source )
ec2Client.authorize_security_group_ingress(GroupId=elbSecGrp.id,
IpProtocol='tcp',
FromPort=80,
ToPort=80,
CidrIp='0.0.0.0/0'
)
# Allow Public Security Group to receive traffic from ELB Security group
ec2Client.authorize_security_group_ingress(GroupId=pubSecGrp.id,
IpPermissions=[{'IpProtocol': 'tcp',
'FromPort': 80,
'ToPort': 80,
'UserIdGroupPairs': [{'GroupId': elbSecGrp.id}]
}]
)
# Allow Private Security Group to receive traffic from Application Security group
ec2Client.authorize_security_group_ingress(GroupId=pvtSecGrp.id,
IpPermissions=[{'IpProtocol': 'tcp',
'FromPort': 3306,
'ToPort': 3306,
'UserIdGroupPairs': [{'GroupId': pubSecGrp.id}]
}]
)
ec2Client.authorize_security_group_ingress(GroupId=pubSecGrp.id,
IpProtocol='tcp',
FromPort=80,
ToPort=80,
CidrIp='0.0.0.0/0'
)
ec2Client.authorize_security_group_ingress(GroupId=pubSecGrp.id,
IpProtocol='tcp',
FromPort=443,
ToPort=443,
CidrIp='0.0.0.0/0'
)
ec2Client.authorize_security_group_ingress(GroupId=pubSecGrp.id,
IpProtocol='tcp',
FromPort=22,
ToPort=22,
CidrIp='0.0.0.0/0'
)
# The user defined code to install WebServer & Configure them
userDataCode = """
#!/bin/bash
set -e -x
# Setting up the HTTP server
yum install -y httpd
service httpd start
chkconfig httpd on
groupadd www
usermod -a -G www ec2-user
cd /var/www/
# Set the permissions
chown -R root:www /var/www
chmod 2775 /var/www
find /var/www -type d -exec chmod 2775 {} +
find /var/www -type f -exec chmod 0664 {} +
# SE Linux permissive
# setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect=1
service httpd restart
# Remove below file after testing
echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/phptestinfo.php
"""
# Create the Public Instance
##### **DeviceIndex**:The network interface's position in the attachment order. For example, the first attached network interface has a DeviceIndex of 0
instanceLst = ec2.create_instances(ImageId=globalVars['EC2-Amazon-AMI-ID'],
MinCount=1,
MaxCount=1,
KeyName="datastructutre key",
UserData=userDataCode,
InstanceType=globalVars['EC2-InstanceType'],
NetworkInterfaces=[
{
'SubnetId': az1_pubsubnet.id,
'Groups': [pubSecGrp.id],
'DeviceIndex': 0,
'DeleteOnTermination': True,
'AssociatePublicIpAddress': True,
}
]
)
# Create the Launch Configuration
# InstanceId = 'string'
asgLaunchConfig = asgClient.create_launch_configuration(
LaunchConfigurationName=globalVars['ASG-LaunchConfigName'],
ImageId=globalVars['EC2-Amazon-AMI-ID'],
KeyName=globalVars['EC2-KeyName'],
SecurityGroups=[pubSecGrp.id],
UserData=userDataCode,
InstanceType=globalVars['EC2-InstanceType'],
InstanceMonitoring={'Enabled': False },
EbsOptimized=False,
AssociatePublicIpAddress=False
)
# create Auto-Scaling Group
ASGSubnets = az1_pubsubnet.id + "," +az2_pubsubnet.id
asGroup=asgClient.create_auto_scaling_group(
AutoScalingGroupName=globalVars['ASG-AutoScalingGroupName'],
LaunchConfigurationName=globalVars['ASG-LaunchConfigName'],
MinSize=1,
MaxSize=3,
DesiredCapacity=2,
DefaultCooldown=120,
HealthCheckType='EC2',
HealthCheckGracePeriod=60,
Tags=globalVars['tags'],
VPCZoneIdentifier=ASGSubnets
)
asgClient.create_or_update_tags(
Tags=[
{
'ResourceId': globalVars['ASG-AutoScalingGroupName'],
'ResourceType': 'auto-scaling-group',
'Key': 'Name',
'Value': globalVars['Project']['Value'] + '-ASG-Group',
'PropagateAtLaunch': True
},
]
)
###### Print to Screen ########
print("VPC ID : {0}".format(vpc.id))
print("AZ1 Public Subnet ID : {0}".format(az1_pubsubnet.id))
print("AZ1 Private Subnet ID : {0}".format(az1_pvtsubnet.id))
print("AZ1 Spare Subnet ID : {0}".format(az1_sparesubnet.id))
print("Internet Gateway ID : {0}".format(intGateway.id))
print("Route Table ID : {0}".format(routeTable.id))
print("Public Security Group ID : {0}".format(pubSecGrp.id))
print("Private Security Group ID : {0}".format(pvtSecGrp.id))
print("EC2 Key Pair : {0}".format(globalVars['EC2-KeyName']))
print("EC2 PublicIP : {0}".format(globalVars['EC2-KeyName']))
print("RDS Endpoint : {0}".format(globalVars['Endpoint']))
###### Print to Screen ########
"""
Function to clean up all the resources
"""
def cleanAll(resourcesDict=None):
# Delete the instances
ids = []
for i in instanceLst:
ids.append(i.id)
ec2.instances.filter(InstanceIds=ids).terminate()
# Wait for the instance to be terminated
waiter = ec2Client.get_waiter('instance_terminated')
waiter.wait(InstanceIds=[ids])
ec2Client.delete_key_pair(KeyName=globalVars['EC2-KeyName'])
# Delete Routes & Routing Table
for assn in rtbAssn:
ec2Client.disassociate_route_table(AssociationId=assn.id)
routeTable.delete()
# Delete Subnets
az1_pvtsubnet.delete()
az1_pubsubnet.delete()
az1_sparesubnet.delete()
# Detach & Delete internet Gateway
ec2Client.detach_internet_gateway(InternetGatewayId=intGateway.id, VpcId=vpc.id)
intGateway.delete()
# Delete Security Groups
pubSecGrp.delete()
pvtSecGrp.delete()
vpc.delete()
然而,在上述代码中,我还没有达到编写云监控警报的扩展和缩小策略的阶段。在进一步执行之前,我遇到了以下错误:
autoscaling.py", line 51, in <module>
vpc = ec2.create_vpc(CidrBlock=globalVars['CIDRange'])
File "E:\installation2\python3\lib\site-packages\boto3\resources\factory.py", line 520, in do_action
response = action(self, *args, **kwargs)
File "E:\installation2\python3\lib\site-packages\boto3\resources\action.py", line 83, in __call__
response = getattr(parent.meta.client, operation_name)(**params)
File "E:\installation2\python3\lib\site-packages\botocore\client.py", line 314, in _api_call
return self._make_api_call(operation_name, kwargs)
File "E:\installation2\python3\lib\site-packages\botocore\client.py", line 612, in _make_api_call
raise error_class(parsed_response, operation_name)
botocore.exceptions.ClientError: An error occurred (VpcLimitExceeded) when calling the CreateVpc operation: The maximum number of VPCs has been reached.
我该如何解决这个错误:已达到最大VPC数量限制,我使用亚马逊的免费套餐服务。
aws ec2 describe-security-groups的输出如下:
{
"SecurityGroups": [
{
"Description": "default VPC security group",
"GroupName": "default",
"IpPermissions": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": [
{
"GroupId": "sg-03c0e0d31aca5827b",
"UserId": "101010101010"
}
]
}
],
"OwnerId": "101010101010",
"GroupId": "sg-03c0e0d31aca5827b",
"IpPermissionsEgress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"VpcId": "vpc-06eedbb5dc8c8e20b"
},
{
"Description": "default VPC security group",
"GroupName": "default",
"IpPermissions": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": [
{
"GroupId": "sg-080f42f6c90e60956",
"UserId": "101010101010"
}
]
}
],
"OwnerId": "101010101010",
"GroupId": "sg-080f42f6c90e60956",
"IpPermissionsEgress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"VpcId": "vpc-0a0a0699b064d3382"
},
{
"Description": "default VPC security group",
"GroupName": "default",
"IpPermissions": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": [
{
"GroupId": "sg-096d48a3a161a98cc",
"UserId": "101010101010"
}
]
}
],
"OwnerId": "101010101010",
"GroupId": "sg-096d48a3a161a98cc",
"IpPermissionsEgress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"VpcId": "vpc-090b6525d5e4166bd"
},
{
"Description": "default VPC security group",
"GroupName": "default",
"IpPermissions": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": [
{
"GroupId": "sg-0aea8c83e780f8bca",
"UserId": "101010101010"
}
]
}
],
"OwnerId": "101010101010",
"GroupId": "sg-0aea8c83e780f8bca",
"IpPermissionsEgress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"VpcId": "vpc-0cf43d41666c21f82"
},
{
"Description": "launch-wizard-1 created 2018-08-01T09:57:51.176+05:30",
"GroupName": "launch-wizard-1",
"IpPermissions": [
{
"FromPort": 80,
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [
{
"CidrIpv6": "::/0"
}
],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"ToPort": 80,
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
},
{
"FromPort": 22,
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"ToPort": 22,
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"OwnerId": "101010101010",
"GroupId": "sg-0e81c2a33e1039f58",
"IpPermissionsEgress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"VpcId": "vpc-08356c60"
},
{
"Description": "default VPC security group",
"GroupName": "default",
"IpPermissions": [
{
"FromPort": 80,
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [
{
"CidrIpv6": "::/0"
}
],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"ToPort": 80,
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
},
{
"FromPort": 22,
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"ToPort": 22,
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"OwnerId": "101010101010",
"GroupId": "sg-40e5492a",
"IpPermissionsEgress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "-1",
"IpRanges": [
{
"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
}
],
"Ipv6Ranges": [],
"PrefixListIds": [],
"UserIdGroupPairs": []
}
],
"VpcId": "vpc-08356c60"
}
]
}
我有6个VPC,所有的都提到了默认登录到Web控制台,不知道命令行输出以找到它们。以下是它们:
vpc-06eedbb5dc8c8e20b
vpc-0a0a0699b064d3382
vpc-090b6525d5e4166bd
vpc-0cf43d41666c21f82
launch-wizard-1 created 2018-08-01T09:57:51.176+05:30
vpc-0a0a0699b064d3382
所有这些的描述都是默认的VPC安全组。 我想要实现的基本上是为云应用程序的Web层创建一个自动扩展配置,按照以下步骤进行操作: 创建一个带有一到两个HTML页面的静态网站,并将页面和相关文件复制到Amazon S3存储桶中。 创建一个启动脚本来安装Apache服务器,并将网站文件从S3复制到实例中。 使用boto创建一个Amazon AutoScaling组的Python程序。定义相应的CloudWatch警报和缩放策略。在从程序启动新实例时提供先前步骤中创建的启动脚本。使用开放端口80的安全组。 在浏览器中打开新启动的实例的公共DNS,并验证静态网站是否可以正常工作。 我无法完成上述设置CloudWatch警报和指标以及查看它们在我的代码中如何运行。