我一直在尝试在MongoDB中使用MapReduce执行我认为是一个简单的操作。我不知道这是否是正确的方法，或者我是否应该使用MapReduce。我搜索了我想到的关键词，并尝试在我认为成功率最高的文档中查找 - 但是没有发现什么有用的信息。也许我想得太复杂了？
我有两个集合：details和gpas
details由大量文档（3+百万）组成。每个year都会重复出现一次studentid元素，如下所示：
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4d49b7yah5b6d8372v640100"), "classes" : [1,17,19,21], "studentid" : "12345a", "year" : 1}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4d76b7oij7s2d8372v640100"), "classes" : [2,12,19,22], "studentid" : "98765a", "year" : 1}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4d49b7oij7s2d8372v640100"), "classes" : [32,91,101,217], "studentid" : "12345a", "year" : 2}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4d76b7rty7s2d8372v640100"), "classes" : [1,11,18,22], "studentid" : "24680a", "year" : 1}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4d49b7oij7s2d8856v640100"), "classes" : [32,99,110,215], "studentid" : "98765a", "year" : 2}
...
gpas中包含与details相同的studentid元素。每个studentid只有一个条目，如下所示：
gpas具有与details相同的studentid元素。每个studentid只能有一个条目，就像这样：
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4d49b7yah5b6d8372v640111"), "studentid" : "12345a", "overall" : 97, "subscore": 1}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4f76b7oij7s2d8372v640213"), "studentid" : "98765a", "overall" : 85, "subscore": 5}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4j49b7oij7s2d8372v640871"), "studentid" : "24680a", "overall" : 76, "subscore": 2}
...
最终我希望得到一个集合，其中每个学生都有一行数据，格式如下：
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4d49b7yah5b6d8372v640111"), "studentid" : "12345a", "classes_1": [1,17,19,21], "classes_2": [32,91,101,217], "overall" : 97, "subscore": 1}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4f76b7oij7s2d8372v640213"), "studentid" : "98765a", "classes_1": [2,12,19,22], "classes_2": [32,99,110,215], "overall" : 85, "subscore": 5}
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4j49b7oij7s2d8372v640871"), "studentid" : "24680a", "classes_1": [1,11,18,22], "classes_2": [], "overall" : 76, "subscore": 2}
...
我原本打算通过以下方式来运行MapReduce：
var mapDetails = function() {
emit(this.studentid, {studentid: this.studentid, classes: this.classes, year: this.year, overall: 0, subscore: 0});
};
var mapGpas = function() {
emit(this.studentid, {studentid: this.studentid, classes: [], year: 0, overall: this.overall, subscore: this.subscore});
};
var reduce = function(key, values) {
var outs = { studentid: "0", classes_1: [], classes_2: [], overall: 0, subscore: 0};
values.forEach(function(value) {
if (value.year == 0) {
outs.overall = value.overall;
outs.subscore = value.subscore;
}
else {
if (value.year == 1) {
outs.classes_1 = value.classes;
}
if (value.year == 2) {
outs.classes_2 = value.classes;
}
outs.studentid = value.studentid;
}
});
return outs;
};
res = db.details.mapReduce(mapDetails, reduce, {out: {reduce: 'joined'}})
res = db.gpas.mapReduce(mapGpas, reduce, {out: {reduce: 'joined'}})
但是当我运行它时，这就是我的结果集：
{ "_id" : "12345a", "value" : { "studentid" : "12345a", "classes_1" : [ ], "classes_2" : [ ], "overall" : 97, "subscore" : 1 } }
{ "_id" : "98765a", "value" : { "studentid" : "98765a", "classes_1" : [ ], "classes_2" : [ ], "overall" : 85, "subscore" : 5 } }
{ "_id" : "24680a", "value" : { "studentid" : "24680a", "classes_1" : [ ], "classes_2" : [ ], "overall" : 76, "subscore" : 2 } }
我缺少了 classes 数组。
另外，顺便问一下，如何访问生成的 MapReduce 的 value 元素中的元素？MapReduce 总是输出到 value 或其他你命名的地方吗？