如何在.NET中以编程方式重启Windows服务?
另外,当服务重新启动完成时,我需要执行一个操作。
如何在.NET中以编程方式重启Windows服务?
另外,当服务重新启动完成时,我需要执行一个操作。
这篇文章使用ServiceController
类编写了启动、停止和重启Windows服务的方法, 值得一看。
文章中的片段(“重启服务”方法):
public static void RestartService(string serviceName, int timeoutMilliseconds)
{
ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName);
try
{
int millisec1 = Environment.TickCount;
TimeSpan timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(timeoutMilliseconds);
service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped, timeout);
// count the rest of the timeout
int millisec2 = Environment.TickCount;
timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(timeoutMilliseconds - (millisec2-millisec1));
service.Start();
service.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running, timeout);
}
catch
{
// ...
}
}
请查看ServiceController类。
要执行服务重新启动时需要执行的操作,如果是您自己的服务,则应该在服务本身中执行。
如果您无法访问服务源代码,则可以尝试使用ServiceController
的WaitForStatus
方法。
private void RestartWindowsService(string serviceName)
{
ServiceController serviceController = new ServiceController(serviceName);
try
{
if ((serviceController.Status.Equals(ServiceControllerStatus.Running)) || (serviceController.Status.Equals(ServiceControllerStatus.StartPending)))
{
serviceController.Stop();
}
serviceController.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped);
serviceController.Start();
serviceController.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
}
catch
{
ShowMsg(AppTexts.Information, AppTexts.SystematicError, MessageBox.Icon.WARNING);
}
}
你也可以调用net
命令来实现此操作。例如:
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("net", "stop IISAdmin");
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("net", "start IISAdmin");
`System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("net", "stop IISAdmin").WaitForExit();`
`System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("net", "start IISAdmin").WaitForExit();`
- Joris TalmaServiceController
类,因为它实现了 IDisposable
接口。serviceName
参数,我们可以在构造函数中设置它,每个方法都将使用该服务名称。timeoutMilliseconds
参数。StartOrRestart
和 StopServiceIfRunning
,这两个方法可以被视为其他基本方法的包装器。这些方法的目的仅是避免异常,如注释所述。这是该类:
public class WindowsServiceController
{
private readonly string serviceName;
public WindowsServiceController(string serviceName)
{
this.serviceName = serviceName;
}
// this method will throw an exception if the service is NOT in Running status.
public void RestartService()
{
using (ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName))
{
try
{
service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped);
service.Start();
service.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception($"Can not restart the Windows Service {serviceName}", ex);
}
}
}
// this method will throw an exception if the service is NOT in Running status.
public void StopService()
{
using (ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName))
{
try
{
service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception($"Can not Stop the Windows Service [{serviceName}]", ex);
}
}
}
// this method will throw an exception if the service is NOT in Stopped status.
public void StartService()
{
using (ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName))
{
try
{
service.Start();
service.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception($"Can not Start the Windows Service [{serviceName}]", ex);
}
}
}
// if service running then restart the service if the service is stopped then start it.
// this method will not throw an exception.
public void StartOrRestart()
{
if (IsRunningStatus)
RestartService();
else if (IsStoppedStatus)
StartService();
}
// stop the service if it is running. if it is already stopped then do nothing.
// this method will not throw an exception if the service is in Stopped status.
public void StopServiceIfRunning()
{
using (ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName))
{
try
{
if (!IsRunningStatus)
return;
service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception($"Can not Stop the Windows Service [{serviceName}]", ex);
}
}
}
public bool IsRunningStatus => Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running;
public bool IsStoppedStatus => Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped;
public ServiceControllerStatus Status
{
get
{
using (ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName))
{
return service.Status;
}
}
}
}
如果你正在使用.NET Core,你必须下载System.ServiceProcess包
并且这只适用于WINDOWS操作系统。
var theController = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController("IISAdmin");
theController.Stop();
theController.Start();
请查看这篇文章。
以下是来自文章的代码片段。
//[QUICK CODE] FOR THE IMPATIENT
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
// ADD "using System.ServiceProcess;" after you add the
// Reference to the System.ServiceProcess in the solution Explorer
using System.ServiceProcess;
namespace Using_ServiceController{
class Program{
static void Main(string[] args){
ServiceController myService = new ServiceController();
myService.ServiceName = "ImapiService";
string svcStatus = myService.Status.ToString();
if (svcStatus == "Running"){
myService.Stop();
}else if(svcStatus == "Stopped"){
myService.Start();
}else{
myService.Stop();
}
}
}
}
您可以设置服务在失败后重新启动。因此,通过抛出异常可以强制重新启动。
在服务属性上使用恢复选项卡。
请务必使用重置故障计数属性以防止服务完全停止。
我需要更复杂的方法,因为有时候依赖服务无法重启,只是抛出异常或者服务被设置为“禁用”等等。
这就是我所做的:
(它会检查服务是否存在,如果它是“已禁用”,它会将服务设置为“自动”,当服务不能重新启动时,它将使用taskkill命令通过PID杀死服务,然后再次启动服务(在使用此功能时需要小心依赖服务,因为你还需要启动/重启它们)。
它返回true/false以表示重启成功与否。
仅在WIN10上测试过。
附注:正在开发版本,使用taskkill时可以检测到依赖服务并重启它们。
//Get windows service status
public static string GetServiceStatus(string NameOfService)
{
ServiceController sc = new ServiceController(NameOfService);
switch (sc.Status)
{
case ServiceControllerStatus.Running:
return "Running";
case ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped:
return "Stopped";
case ServiceControllerStatus.Paused:
return "Paused";
case ServiceControllerStatus.StopPending:
return "Stopping";
case ServiceControllerStatus.StartPending:
return "Starting";
default:
return "Status Changing";
}
}
//finds if service exists in OS
public static bool DoesServiceExist(string serviceName)
{
return ServiceController.GetServices().Any(serviceController => serviceController.ServiceName.Equals(serviceName));
}
//finds startup type of service
public static string GetStartupType(string serviceName)
{
ManagementObject objManage = new ManagementObject("Win32_Service.Name='"+serviceName+"'");
objManage.Get();
string status1 = objManage["StartMode"].ToString();
return status1;
}
//restart service through PID
public static bool RestartServiceByPID(string NameOfService)
{
LogWriter log = new LogWriter("TaskKilling: " + NameOfService);
string strCmdText = "/C taskkill /f /fi \"SERVICES eq " + NameOfService + "\"";
Process.Start("CMD.exe", strCmdText);
using(ServiceController ScvController = new ServiceController(NameOfService))
{
ScvController.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped);
if (GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Stopped")
{
ScvController.Start();
ScvController.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
if (GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Running")
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
}
//Restart windows service
public static bool RestartWindowsService(string NameOfService)
{
try
{
//check if service exists
if(DoesServiceExist(NameOfService) == false)
{
MessageBox.Show("Service " + NameOfService + " was not found.");
return false;
}
else
{
//if it does it check startup type and if it is disabled it will set it to "Auto"
if (GetStartupType(NameOfService) == "Disabled")
{
using (var svc = new ServiceController(NameOfService))
{
ServiceHelper.ChangeStartMode(svc, ServiceStartMode.Automatic);
if (svc.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
{
svc.Start();
svc.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
if(GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Running")
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
else
{
svc.Stop();
svc.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped);
if(GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Stopped")
{
svc.Start();
svc.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
if(GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Running")
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
//restart through PID
else
{
return RestartServiceByPID(NameOfService);
}
}
}
}
//If service is not disabled it will restart it
else
{
using(ServiceController ScvController = new ServiceController(NameOfService))
{
if(GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Running")
{
ScvController.Stop();
ScvController.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped);
if(GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Stopped")
{
ScvController.Start();
ScvController.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
if(GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Running")
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
//if stopping service fails, it uses taskkill
else
{
return RestartServiceByPID(NameOfService);
}
}
else
{
ScvController.Start();
ScvController.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running);
if(GetServiceStatus(NameOfService) == "Running")
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
}
}
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
return RestartServiceByPID(NameOfService);
}
}
调用 Environment.Exit
并返回大于 0 的错误代码,这似乎是合适的,然后在安装时配置该服务在出错时重新启动。
Environment.Exit(1);
我在我的服务中做了同样的事情。它运行良好。