Java 8 Lambda表达式 - 嵌套类中有多个方法怎么办？

Question

我正在阅读关于新功能的文章：http://www.javaworld.com/article/2078836/java-se/love-and-hate-for-java-8.html

我看到了以下示例：

使用匿名类：

button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
        System.out.println("Action Detected");
    }
});

使用 Lambda：

button.addActionListener(e -> {
    System.out.println("Action Detected");
});

如果有人想在匿名类中实现多个方法，例如：

MouseListener

该怎么做呢？

public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
    saySomething("Mouse pressed; # of clicks: "
               + e.getClickCount(), e);
}

public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
    saySomething("Mouse released; # of clicks: "
               + e.getClickCount(), e);
}

......等等？

- Menelaos

---

你必须仅使用匿名类。引入lambda并不表示它们已过时。Lambda只能与函数式接口一起使用。 - Rohit Jain

使用Lambda作为ActionListener方法的用法非常奇怪。你怎么知道自己正在实现接口ActionListener的方法actionPerformed？！ - bobbel

@bobbel，这就是函数式接口的整个概念，我建议您在发表评论之前先阅读相关资料。 - skiwi

你可以创建两个额外的接口，比如MousePressedListener和MouseReleasedListener，然后再创建两个方法addMousePressedListener(Button, MousePressedListener)和addMouseReleasedListener(Button, MouseReleasedListener)。接着，你可以使用lambda表达式来实现这些事件处理程序。请注意，翻译过程中尽可能保留原意，同时确保语言通俗易懂，不包含任何解释性内容。 - ZhekaKozlov

@maythesource.com 或者更好的是：您只需要实现两个方法 addMousePressedListener(Button, Consumer<MouseEvent>) 和 addMouseReleasedListener(Button, Consumer<MouseEvent>)，而不必提供不必要的接口。 - ZhekaKozlov

Answer 1

摘自JLS 9.8

函数式接口是指只有一个抽象方法的接口，因此表示单一函数契约。

Lambda表达式需要这些函数式接口，因此受限于它们的单个方法。匿名接口仍需用于实现多方法接口。

addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {

    @Override
    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
       ...
    }

    @Override
    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
      ...
    }
});

- Reimeus

---

这段话的意思是：OP的问题是，“如果想在匿名类中实现多个方法，例如使用MouseListener会做什么？”你给出的答案很好，但只是说lambda表达式不能使用包含多个方法的接口。Holger的答案提供了一种解决方法，即扩展自己的接口，并为不需要的方法提供默认值，这样就只剩下一个lambda可以使用了。这不会是人们在Java 8代码中看到的第一件令人尴尬的事情。 - user4229245

Answer 2

您可以通过使用辅助接口，在lambda表达式中使用多方法接口。这适用于那些不需要实现所有方法的监听器接口（即我们只需执行MouseAdapter提供的操作）：

// note the absence of mouseClicked…
interface ClickedListener extends MouseListener
{
    @Override
    public default void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {}

    @Override
    public default void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {}

    @Override
    public default void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {}

    @Override
    public default void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {}
}

你只需要定义这样一个帮助器接口一次。

现在，你可以像这样为 Component c 添加点击事件的监听器：

c.addMouseListener((ClickedListener)(e)->System.out.println("Clicked !"));

- Holger

---

这对于MouseListener问题来说，我觉得这似乎是一个过于繁琐的解决方案。我认为使用匿名对象[旧的方式]附加更好。对我来说，这似乎是一种权宜之计。 - ncmathsadist

@ncmathsadist：如果你喜欢，可以随意使用匿名内部类方法。这只是一种选择。您还可以考虑此答案。还有另一个动态监听器生成器... - Holger

我认为这个“累赘代码”应该是被采纳的答案。提问者明确表达了问题：“如果有人想在匿名类中实现多个方法，例如：”，他询问如何在接口有多个方法时使用Lambda表达式。Holger的回答非常完美。显然，提问者已经知道如何以非函数式的方式使用匿名类。 - user4229245

@Holger 在使用lambda时，哪个方法会被调用？因为这四个方法都有相同的参数。 - dreamcoder

@dreamcoder，这个lambda表达式不会实现这四种方法中的任何一种，因为它们都不是抽象方法。该lambda表达式将实现mouseClicked方法，该方法已在MouseListener接口中声明为抽象方法，并且未被ClickedListener接口覆盖（因此得名）。 - Holger

Answer 3

Lambda EG确实考虑了这个问题。许多库使用函数接口，尽管它们是在函数接口成为主流之前设计的。但有时候一个类可能有多个抽象方法，而你只想用lambda来针对其中一个。

官方推荐的解决方案是定义工厂方法：

static MouseListener clickHandler(Consumer<MouseEvent> c) { return ... }

这些可以直接通过API本身完成（这些可以是MouseListener中的静态方法），或者可以是一些其他库中的外部辅助方法，如果维护者选择不提供此便利。因为需要使用它的情况很少，而且解决方法非常简单，所以没有必要进一步扩展语言来解决这个问题。

对于ThreadLocal，也采用了类似的技巧；请参见新的静态工厂方法withInitial(Supplier<S>)。

（顺便说一句，当出现这个问题时，几乎总是举的例子是MouseListener，这是令人鼓舞的，因为这表明希望成为lambda友好但实际上不是的类的集合实际上非常小。）

- Brian Goetz

---

请参考 这个问题。还有一些其他的多方法接口，比如 WindowListener，但它们相对较少。 - Stuart Marks

Answer 4

一个Java ActionListener 只需要实现一个方法 (actionPerformed(ActionEvent e))。这很适合于Java 8的function 机制，因此Java 8提供了一个简单的lambda函数来实现ActionListener。 MouseAdapter 至少需要两个方法，因此不适用于function机制。

- OldCurmudgeon

Answer 5

我创建了适配器类，使我能够编写(单行)lambda函数监听器，即使原始的监听器接口包含多个方法。

请注意InsertOrRemoveUpdate适配器，它将2个事件合并为1个。

我的原始类还包含WindowFocusListener、TableModelListener、TableColumnModelListener和TreeModelListener的实现，但这将代码推到了SO字符限制的30000个字符以上。

import java.awt.event.*;
import java.beans.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import org.slf4j.*;

public class Adapters {
  private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Adapters.class);

  @FunctionalInterface
  public static interface AdapterEventHandler<EVENT> {
    void handle(EVENT e) throws Exception;

    default void handleWithRuntimeException(EVENT e) {
      try {
        handle(e);
      }
      catch(Exception exception) {
        throw exception instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) exception : new RuntimeException(exception);
      }
    }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // demo usage
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    JToggleButton toggleButton = new JToggleButton();
    JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    JTextField textField = new JTextField();
    JScrollBar scrollBar = new JScrollBar();
    ListSelectionModel listSelectionModel = new DefaultListSelectionModel();

    // ActionListener
    toggleButton.addActionListener(ActionPerformed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ItemListener
    toggleButton.addItemListener(ItemStateChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ChangeListener
    toggleButton.addChangeListener(StateChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // MouseListener
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseClicked.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MousePressed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseReleased.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseEntered.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseExited.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // MouseMotionListener
    frame.addMouseMotionListener(MouseDragged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseMotionListener(MouseMoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // MouseWheelListenere
    frame.addMouseWheelListener(MouseWheelMoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // KeyListener
    frame.addKeyListener(KeyTyped.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addKeyListener(KeyPressed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addKeyListener(KeyReleased.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // FocusListener
    frame.addFocusListener(FocusGained.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addFocusListener(FocusLost.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ComponentListener
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentMoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentResized.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentShown.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentHidden.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ContainerListener
    frame.addContainerListener(ComponentAdded.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addContainerListener(ComponentRemoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // HierarchyListener
    frame.addHierarchyListener(HierarchyChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // PropertyChangeListener
    frame.addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChange.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addPropertyChangeListener("propertyName", PropertyChange.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // WindowListener
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowOpened.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowClosing.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowClosed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowIconified.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowDeiconified.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowActivated.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowDeactivated.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // WindowStateListener
    frame.addWindowStateListener(WindowStateChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // DocumentListener
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(InsertUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(RemoveUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(InsertOrRemoveUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(ChangedUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // AdjustmentListener
    scrollBar.addAdjustmentListener(AdjustmentValueChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ListSelectionListener
    listSelectionModel.addListSelectionListener(ValueChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ...
    // enhance as needed
  }

  // @formatter:off
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ActionListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ActionPerformed implements ActionListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ActionEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ActionPerformed handle(AdapterEventHandler<ActionEvent> handler) { ActionPerformed adapter = new ActionPerformed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ItemListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ItemStateChanged implements ItemListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ItemEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ItemStateChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<ItemEvent> handler) { ItemStateChanged adapter = new ItemStateChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ChangeListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class StateChanged implements ChangeListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ChangeEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static StateChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<ChangeEvent> handler) { StateChanged adapter = new StateChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // MouseListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class MouseClicked extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseClicked handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseClicked adapter = new MouseClicked(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MousePressed extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MousePressed handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MousePressed adapter = new MousePressed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseReleased extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseReleased handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseReleased adapter = new MouseReleased(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseEntered extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseEntered handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseEntered adapter = new MouseEntered(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseExited extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseExited handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseExited adapter = new MouseExited(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // MouseMotionListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class MouseDragged extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseDragged handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseDragged adapter = new MouseDragged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseMoved extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseMoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseMoved adapter = new MouseMoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // MouseWheelListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class MouseWheelMoved extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseWheelEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseWheelMoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseWheelEvent> handler) { MouseWheelMoved adapter = new MouseWheelMoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseWheelMoved(MouseWheelEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // KeyListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class KeyTyped extends KeyAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static KeyTyped handle(AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> handler) { KeyTyped adapter = new KeyTyped(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class KeyPressed extends KeyAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static KeyPressed handle(AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> handler) { KeyPressed adapter = new KeyPressed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class KeyReleased extends KeyAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static KeyReleased handle(AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> handler) { KeyReleased adapter = new KeyReleased(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // FocusListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class FocusGained extends FocusAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static FocusGained handle(AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> handler) { FocusGained adapter = new FocusGained(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class FocusLost extends FocusAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static FocusLost handle(AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> handler) { FocusLost adapter = new FocusLost(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ComponentListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ComponentMoved extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentMoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentMoved adapter = new ComponentMoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentMoved(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentResized extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentResized handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentResized adapter = new ComponentResized(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentResized(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentShown extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentShown handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentShown adapter = new ComponentShown(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentShown(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentHidden extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentHidden handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentHidden adapter = new ComponentHidden(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentHidden(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ContainerListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ComponentAdded extends ContainerAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentAdded handle(AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> handler) { ComponentAdded adapter = new ComponentAdded(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentAdded(ContainerEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentRemoved extends ContainerAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentRemoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> handler) { ComponentRemoved adapter = new ComponentRemoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentRemoved(ContainerEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // HierarchyListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class HierarchyChanged implements HierarchyListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<HierarchyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static HierarchyChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<HierarchyEvent> handler) { HierarchyChanged adapter = new HierarchyChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void hierarchyChanged(HierarchyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // PropertyChangeListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class PropertyChange implements PropertyChangeListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<PropertyChangeEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static PropertyChange handle(AdapterEventHandler<PropertyChangeEvent> handler) { PropertyChange adapter = new PropertyChange(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // WindowListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class WindowOpened extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowOpened handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowOpened adapter = new WindowOpened(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowClosing extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowClosing handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowClosing adapter = new WindowClosing(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowClosed extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowClosed handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowClosed adapter = new WindowClosed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowIconified extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowIconified handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowIconified adapter = new WindowIconified(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowDeiconified extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowDeiconified handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowDeiconified adapter = new WindowDeiconified(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowActivated extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowActivated handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowActivated adapter = new WindowActivated(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowDeactivated extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowDeactivated handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowDeactivated adapter = new WindowDeactivated(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // WindowStateListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class WindowStateChanged extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowStateChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowStateChanged adapter = new WindowStateChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowStateChanged(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // DocumentListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class DocumentAdapter implements DocumentListener {
    @Override public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { /* nothing */ }
    @Override public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { /* nothing */ }
    @Override public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { /* nothing */ }
  }

  public static class InsertUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static InsertUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { InsertUpdate adapter = new InsertUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class RemoveUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static RemoveUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { RemoveUpdate adapter = new RemoveUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class InsertOrRemoveUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static InsertOrRemoveUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { InsertOrRemoveUpdate adapter = new InsertOrRemoveUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
    @Override public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ChangedUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ChangedUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { ChangedUpdate adapter = new ChangedUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // AdjustmentListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class AdjustmentValueChanged implements AdjustmentListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<AdjustmentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static AdjustmentValueChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<AdjustmentEvent> handler) { AdjustmentValueChanged adapter = new AdjustmentValueChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void adjustmentValueChanged(AdjustmentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ListSelectionListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ValueChanged implements ListSelectionListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ListSelectionEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ValueChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<ListSelectionEvent> handler) { ValueChanged adapter = new ValueChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }
  // @formatter:on
}

- Reto Höhener

Answer 6

默认方法无法从lambda表达式内部访问。以下代码无法编译：

interface Formula {
    double calculate(int a);

    default double sqrt(int a) {
        return Math.sqrt(a);
    }
}
Formula formula = (a) -> sqrt( a * 100);

只能与函数式接口（仅有一个抽象方法和任意数量的默认方法）一起使用，因此 lambda 表达式仅适用于抽象方法

- Ranjeet Singh Rajpurohit

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抱歉，我不明白这与问题有什么关系。 - fps