在一个活动单元测试中,如何模拟活动生命周期事件。
我可以调用现有活动的instrumentation的callActivityOn...方法,但是如何触发活动重新创建,以便活动的OnCreate得到保存状态的Bundle。
在一个活动单元测试中,如何模拟活动生命周期事件。
我可以调用现有活动的instrumentation的callActivityOn...方法,但是如何触发活动重新创建,以便活动的OnCreate得到保存状态的Bundle。
myActivity.finish();
setActivity(null);
myActivity = getActivity();
private mInstrumentation = getInstrumentation();
...
final Bundle outState = new Bundle();
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnSaveInstanceState(mActivity, outState);
mActivity.finish();
setActivity(null);
mActivity = getActivity();
runTestOnUiThread(new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(mActivity, outState);
}
});
myActivity.finish();
myActivity = getActivity();
ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2.getActivity()
在第一次调用时启动Activity,但在后续的测试用例中,它只是返回同一个Activity。因此,你仍然在查看已经完成的Activity。
在完成第一个Activity之后,你需要从测试中启动一个新的Activity。例如,你可以使用InstrumentationTestCase.launchActivity()
。
另外,我编写了一个测试用例,在ActivityA中按下按钮,启动ActivityB以获取结果;然后,测试立即杀死ActivityA(通过方向更改,但也可以使用finish()),然后测试获得系统在ActivityB完成并发送其结果时创建的新ActivityA的句柄。其中的技巧是让测试添加一个Instrumentation.ActivityMonitor,然后让该监视器等待系统启动新的ActivityA并将其句柄传递给测试。
编辑于2/23/2012 cdhabecker,添加可重现的代码:
public class VerboseActivity extends Activity {
public final static String TAG = "Verbose";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.i(TAG, "onCreate() " + (Activity)this);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity5);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy().");
super.onDestroy();
}
}
测试用例:(sleep()调用为活动提供了足够的响应时间)
public class VerboseTest extends
ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<VerboseActivity> {
Activity myActivity = null;
public VerboseTest() {
super("com.scanillion.demo", VerboseActivity.class);
}
public void test_01() {
String TAG = "test_01";
myActivity = getActivity();
Log.i(TAG, "A getActivity()=" + myActivity);
myActivity.finish();
try {
Thread.sleep(5000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
myActivity = getActivity();
Log.i(TAG, "B getActivity()=" + myActivity);
try {
Thread.sleep(5000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
日志:
02-23 21:25:37.689: I/Verbose(17747): onCreate() com.scanillion.demo.VerboseActivity@43ba3360
02-23 21:25:38.159: I/ActivityManager(67): Displayed activity com.scanillion.demo/.VerboseActivity: 526 ms (total 526 ms)
02-23 21:25:38.180: I/test_01(17747): A getActivity()=com.scanillion.demo.VerboseActivity@43ba3360
02-23 21:25:38.540: I/Verbose(17747): onDestroy().
02-23 21:25:43.236: I/test_01(17747): B getActivity()=com.scanillion.demo.VerboseActivity@43ba3360
02-23 21:25:48.439: I/TestRunner(17747): finished: test_01(com.scanillion.demo.test.VerboseTest)
02-23 21:25:48.439: I/TestRunner(17747): passed: test_01(com.scanillion.demo.test.VerboseTest)
finish()
会导致 onDestroy()
被调用,但随后的 getActivity()
操作没有产生任何效果。不仅 getActivity()
不会实例化新的 Activity,它甚至不会重新创建原始的 Activity。我确认 cdhabecker
是正确的,getActivity() 返回在开始时创建的活动,即使你“结束”了它。但是我认为我已经找到了测试活动重建的解决方案。您可以尝试请求方向更改。这将重新创建您的活动,然后您检索新创建的活动。下面是代码片段:(我使用了robotium):
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
mActivity = getActivity();
mSolo = new Solo(getInstrumentation(), getActivity());
Log.v(TAG, "setUp; activity=" + mActivity);
}
public void testOrienationChange(){
mSolo.setActivityOrientation(Solo.LANDSCAPE);
getInstrumentation().waitForIdleSync();
MyActivity newActivity = getActivity(); //should be new, but it's not
Activity newActivity2 = mSolo.getCurrentActivity(); //this will return newly created
Log.v(TAG, "testOrienationChange; activity=" + newActivity);
Log.v(TAG, "testOrienationChange; activity2=" + newActivity2);
}
在官方开发指南中,有一个非常好的例子讲述了状态管理测试这里。基本上,您只需要调用Activity.finish()来模拟活动已被杀死,可以查看下面的伪代码:
public void testIfStateIsSaved() {
// Open myActivity first time.
MyActivity myActivity = getActivity();
final EditText editText = (EditText) myActivity.findViewById(com.company.R.id.edit_text);
// emulate some user action
myActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
editText.setText("save me");
}
});
// Suppose you have implemented saved state properly.
// kill activity and restart it again.
myActivity.finish();
myActivity = getActivity();
final EditText editText2 = (EditText) myActivity.findViewById(com.company.R.id.edit_text);
assertEquals("user input must be saved", "save me", editText2.getText());
}
对cdhabecker的回答进行详细说明,我创建了以下静态方法,它适用于我:
public static Activity restartActivity(Activity activity, Instrumentation instrumentation, Intent intent){
String className = activity.getClass().getName();
Instrumentation.ActivityMonitor monitor = instrumentation.addMonitor(className, null, false);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.setClassName(instrumentation.getTargetContext(), className );
instrumentation.startActivitySync(intent);
Activity newActivity = instrumentation.waitForMonitor(monitor);
instrumentation.removeMonitor(monitor);
return newActivity;
}
使用完活动后,我通过调用destroy()方法将其销毁并重置。
activity.finish();
setActivity(null);
你可以通过ActivityLifeCycleMonitor
获取新的恢复的Activity。
例如,这个方法会等待并将新创建的Activity
设置为当前的Activity。
public void waitAndSetResumedActivity() {
// well at least there are some activities in the pipeline - lets see if they resume.
long[] waitTimes =
{10, 50, 100, 500, TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(2), TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(30)};
final ActivityLifecycleMonitor activityLifecycleMonitor = ActivityLifecycleMonitorRegistry.getInstance();
final AtomicBoolean activityResumed = new AtomicBoolean(false);
for (int waitIdx = 0; waitIdx < waitTimes.length; waitIdx++) {
if (activityResumed.get()) return;
try {
Thread.sleep(waitTimes[waitIdx]);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
getInstrumentation().runOnMainSync(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Collection<Activity> resumedActivities = activityLifecycleMonitor.getActivitiesInStage(Stage.RESUMED);
if (!resumedActivities.isEmpty()) {
activity = (MainActivity) resumedActivities.iterator().next();
setActivity(activity);
activityResumed.set(true);
}
}
});
}
throw new NoActivityResumedException("No activities in stage RESUMED. Did you forget to "
+ "launch the activity. (test.getActivity() or similar)?");
}
因此,在调用此方法后,任何对 getActivity()
的调用都将返回新的 Activity。
您可以通过以下方式测试旋转时的 Activity 重建:
Activity activity = getActivity(); // old activity
//rotate it
activity.setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
//set new Activity
waitAndSetResumedActivity();
activity = getActivity(); // New Activity
Thread.sleep(5000L)
在finish()
后导致了 onStop() > onDestroy() 的调用。对我来说,sleep() 技巧很有效,因为我期望 onStop() 和 onDestroy() 被调用。 - Thuy Trinh