我需要一个Python访问CPU温度的示例代码。
顺便提一句,我在运行Windows 7操作系统。
我需要一个Python访问CPU温度的示例代码。
顺便提一句,我在运行Windows 7操作系统。
使用 WMI 模块 + Open Hardware Monitor 和其在此处描述的 WMI 接口。
示例代码:
import wmi
w = wmi.WMI(namespace="root\OpenHardwareMonitor")
temperature_infos = w.Sensor()
for sensor in temperature_infos:
if sensor.SensorType==u'Temperature':
print(sensor.Name)
print(sensor.Value)
下载http://openhardwaremonitor.org/downloads/和http://www.cputhermometer.com/,解压OpenHardwareMonitorLib.dll和CPUThermometerLib.dll并将它们放入一个目录中。
然后,您可以使用pythonnet模块来调用.dll文件,并提取这些程序提供的任何统计数据。cputhermometer提供每个核心的CPU温度,而openhardwaremonitor则提供其他所有东西。无需使用需要在后台运行的WMI。
我编写了一个小脚本(Python 3.6.5),以显示系统上可用的每个温度传感器,当然您可以轻松地修改它以适应其他传感器类型。您必须以管理员身份运行此脚本:
import clr #package pythonnet, not clr
openhardwaremonitor_hwtypes = ['Mainboard','SuperIO','CPU','RAM','GpuNvidia','GpuAti','TBalancer','Heatmaster','HDD']
cputhermometer_hwtypes = ['Mainboard','SuperIO','CPU','GpuNvidia','GpuAti','TBalancer','Heatmaster','HDD']
openhardwaremonitor_sensortypes = ['Voltage','Clock','Temperature','Load','Fan','Flow','Control','Level','Factor','Power','Data','SmallData']
cputhermometer_sensortypes = ['Voltage','Clock','Temperature','Load','Fan','Flow','Control','Level']
def initialize_openhardwaremonitor():
file = 'OpenHardwareMonitorLib.dll'
clr.AddReference(file)
from OpenHardwareMonitor import Hardware
handle = Hardware.Computer()
handle.MainboardEnabled = True
handle.CPUEnabled = True
handle.RAMEnabled = True
handle.GPUEnabled = True
handle.HDDEnabled = True
handle.Open()
return handle
def initialize_cputhermometer():
file = 'CPUThermometerLib.dll'
clr.AddReference(file)
from CPUThermometer import Hardware
handle = Hardware.Computer()
handle.CPUEnabled = True
handle.Open()
return handle
def fetch_stats(handle):
for i in handle.Hardware:
i.Update()
for sensor in i.Sensors:
parse_sensor(sensor)
for j in i.SubHardware:
j.Update()
for subsensor in j.Sensors:
parse_sensor(subsensor)
def parse_sensor(sensor):
if sensor.Value is not None:
if type(sensor).__module__ == 'CPUThermometer.Hardware':
sensortypes = cputhermometer_sensortypes
hardwaretypes = cputhermometer_hwtypes
elif type(sensor).__module__ == 'OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware':
sensortypes = openhardwaremonitor_sensortypes
hardwaretypes = openhardwaremonitor_hwtypes
else:
return
if sensor.SensorType == sensortypes.index('Temperature'):
print(u"%s %s Temperature Sensor #%i %s - %s\u00B0C" % (hardwaretypes[sensor.Hardware.HardwareType], sensor.Hardware.Name, sensor.Index, sensor.Name, sensor.Value))
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("OpenHardwareMonitor:")
HardwareHandle = initialize_openhardwaremonitor()
fetch_stats(HardwareHandle)
print("\nCPUMonitor:")
CPUHandle = initialize_cputhermometer()
fetch_stats(CPUHandle)
这是我的系统上的输出:
OpenHardwareMonitor:
SuperIO Nuvoton NCT6791D Temperature Sensor #0 CPU Core - 42.0°C
SuperIO Nuvoton NCT6791D Temperature Sensor #1 Temperature #1 - 35.0°C
SuperIO Nuvoton NCT6791D Temperature Sensor #2 Temperature #2 - 34.0°C
SuperIO Nuvoton NCT6791D Temperature Sensor #3 Temperature #3 - 25.0°C
SuperIO Nuvoton NCT6791D Temperature Sensor #4 Temperature #4 - 101.0°C
SuperIO Nuvoton NCT6791D Temperature Sensor #5 Temperature #5 - 16.0°C
SuperIO Nuvoton NCT6791D Temperature Sensor #6 Temperature #6 - 14.0°C
GpuNvidia NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070 Temperature Sensor #0 GPU Core - 60.0°C
HDD ST31000528AS Temperature Sensor #0 Temperature - 37.0°C
HDD WDC WD20EARX-00PASB0 Temperature Sensor #0 Temperature - 36.0°C
HDD WDC WDS100T2B0B-00YS70 Temperature Sensor #0 Temperature - 40.0°C
HDD WDC WD80EFZX-68UW8N0 Temperature Sensor #0 Temperature - 31.0°C
HDD WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0 Temperature Sensor #0 Temperature - 30.0°C
HDD WDC WD80EFZX-68UW8N0 Temperature Sensor #0 Temperature - 33.0°C
HDD Crucial_CT256MX100SSD1 Temperature Sensor #0 Temperature - 40.0°C
CPUMonitor:
CPU Intel Core i7-8700K Temperature Sensor #0 CPU Core #1 - 39.0°C
CPU Intel Core i7-8700K Temperature Sensor #1 CPU Core #2 - 38.0°C
CPU Intel Core i7-8700K Temperature Sensor #2 CPU Core #3 - 37.0°C
CPU Intel Core i7-8700K Temperature Sensor #3 CPU Core #4 - 41.0°C
CPU Intel Core i7-8700K Temperature Sensor #4 CPU Core #5 - 36.0°C
CPU Intel Core i7-8700K Temperature Sensor #5 CPU Core #6 - 47.0°C
如需更多文档(但您应该能够从上述代码推断出所需的一切),请参考https://github.com/openhardwaremonitor/openhardwaremonitor/(或网站上的cputhermometer)源代码,当您将它们与Python一起使用时,函数和方法是相同的。
我没有在任何其他计算机上测试过这个代码,因此不同的处理器架构可能不会完全相同。
确保在测量之间运行Hardware[x].Update()
(如果需要,还需要运行SubHardware[x].Update()
)。
import wmi
w = wmi.WMI()
print w.Win32_TemperatureProbe()[0].CurrentReading
看着ars的回答中的IronPython脚本,似乎还有另一种方法可以实现,使用不同的WMI对象。使用相同的API和方法,您可以尝试使用以下方式接收温度值:
w = wmi.WMI(namespace="root\wmi")
temperature_info = w.MSAcpi_ThermalZoneTemperature()[0]
print temperature_info.CurrentTemperature
这个显然应该返回以开尔文的十分之一为单位的温度值,因此要得到摄氏度,你只需要将该值除以10并减去273即可。
我从第三方获得了一个C++项目,发现可以使用C++获取CPU和板子温度。然后我找到了这个,用ctypes帮助我模仿C++函数在Python中进行操作,其中很多代码直接从该存储库复制而来。 '\\.\AdvLmDev' 是特定于我使用的PC,应替换为 '\\.\PhysicalDrive0'。还有一个功能可获取其他CPU功率测量值。 我这样做是因为我不想使用Open Hardware Monitor。您可能需要以管理员身份运行此代码才能使其正常工作。
import ctypes
import ctypes.wintypes as wintypes
from ctypes import windll
LPDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD)
LPOVERLAPPED = wintypes.LPVOID
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES = wintypes.LPVOID
GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000
GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000
GENERIC_EXECUTE = 0x20000000
GENERIC_ALL = 0x10000000
FILE_SHARE_WRITE=0x00000004
ZERO=0x00000000
CREATE_NEW = 1
CREATE_ALWAYS = 2
OPEN_EXISTING = 3
OPEN_ALWAYS = 4
TRUNCATE_EXISTING = 5
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080
INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1
FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN=0x00000022
METHOD_BUFFERED=0
FUNC=0x900
FILE_WRITE_ACCESS=0x002
NULL = 0
FALSE = wintypes.BOOL(0)
TRUE = wintypes.BOOL(1)
def CTL_CODE(DeviceType, Function, Method, Access): return (DeviceType << 16) | (Access << 14) | (Function <<2) | Method
def _CreateFile(filename, access, mode, creation, flags):
"""See: CreateFile function http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa363858(v=vs.85).asp """
CreateFile_Fn = windll.kernel32.CreateFileW
CreateFile_Fn.argtypes = [
wintypes.LPWSTR, # _In_ LPCTSTR lpFileName
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwShareMode
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, # _In_opt_ LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwCreationDisposition
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes
wintypes.HANDLE] # _In_opt_ HANDLE hTemplateFile
CreateFile_Fn.restype = wintypes.HANDLE
return wintypes.HANDLE(CreateFile_Fn(filename,
access,
mode,
NULL,
creation,
flags,
NULL))
handle=_CreateFile('\\\\.\\AdvLmDev',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)
def _DeviceIoControl(devhandle, ioctl, inbuf, inbufsiz, outbuf, outbufsiz):
"""See: DeviceIoControl function
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363216(v=vs.85).aspx
"""
DeviceIoControl_Fn = windll.kernel32.DeviceIoControl
DeviceIoControl_Fn.argtypes = [
wintypes.HANDLE, # _In_ HANDLE hDevice
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwIoControlCode
wintypes.LPVOID, # _In_opt_ LPVOID lpInBuffer
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD nInBufferSize
wintypes.LPVOID, # _Out_opt_ LPVOID lpOutBuffer
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD nOutBufferSize
LPDWORD, # _Out_opt_ LPDWORD lpBytesReturned
LPOVERLAPPED] # _Inout_opt_ LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped
DeviceIoControl_Fn.restype = wintypes.BOOL
# allocate a DWORD, and take its reference
dwBytesReturned = wintypes.DWORD(0)
lpBytesReturned = ctypes.byref(dwBytesReturned)
status = DeviceIoControl_Fn(devhandle,
ioctl,
inbuf,
inbufsiz,
outbuf,
outbufsiz,
lpBytesReturned,
NULL)
return status, dwBytesReturned
class OUTPUT_temp(ctypes.Structure):
"""See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363972(v=vs.85).aspx"""
_fields_ = [
('Board Temp', wintypes.DWORD),
('CPU Temp', wintypes.DWORD),
('Board Temp2', wintypes.DWORD),
('temp4', wintypes.DWORD),
('temp5', wintypes.DWORD)
]
class OUTPUT_volt(ctypes.Structure):
"""See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363972(v=vs.85).aspx"""
_fields_ = [
('VCore', wintypes.DWORD),
('V(in2)', wintypes.DWORD),
('3.3V', wintypes.DWORD),
('5.0V', wintypes.DWORD),
('temp5', wintypes.DWORD)
]
def get_temperature():
FUNC=0x900
outDict={}
ioclt=CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, FUNC, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)
handle=_CreateFile('\\\\.\\AdvLmDev',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)
win_list = OUTPUT_temp()
p_win_list = ctypes.pointer(win_list)
SIZE=ctypes.sizeof(OUTPUT_temp)
status, output = _DeviceIoControl(handle, ioclt , NULL, ZERO, p_win_list, SIZE)
for field, typ in win_list._fields_:
#print ('%s=%d' % (field, getattr(disk_geometry, field)))
outDict[field]=getattr(win_list,field)
return outDict
def get_voltages():
FUNC=0x901
outDict={}
ioclt=CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, FUNC, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)
handle=_CreateFile('\\\\.\\AdvLmDev',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)
win_list = OUTPUT_volt()
p_win_list = ctypes.pointer(win_list)
SIZE=ctypes.sizeof(OUTPUT_volt)
status, output = _DeviceIoControl(handle, ioclt , NULL, ZERO, p_win_list, SIZE)
for field, typ in win_list._fields_:
#print ('%s=%d' % (field, getattr(disk_geometry, field)))
outDict[field]=getattr(win_list,field)
return outDict
请查看cputemp库。
编辑:在Windows上,您可以使用Python WMI库将此IronPython脚本转换为使用WMI。
我使用了来自https://github.com/BennyCarbajal/PyTherm的实用程序。
安装pythonnet相当简单:
pip install pythonnet
然后以管理员身份执行终端,最后执行文件:
python pytherm.py
如果您以普通用户身份运行它,它也可以工作,但不会输出太多数据。
由于它以JSON格式返回数据,因此您只需获取特定硬件的数据即可轻松使用。
Eadmaster提供的代码可能适用于OpenHardwareMonitor已经编程的旧CPU,但我有一颗Skylake i7 6700K CPU。OpenHardwareMonitor对我没有任何结果。然而,这个程序的一个分支叫做CPU Thermometer,它基于OpenHardwareMonitor,可以识别我的CPU。
在追寻如何通过Python获取CPU温度时,我转向IronPython,以便访问.Net框架并轻松访问其他性能数据,但应该很容易弄清楚如何为普通Python 2.7进行改装(只需运行CPU Thermometer而不是OpenHardwareMonitor,并将命名空间更改为“root\CPUThermometer”?难道就这么简单吗?)。
#
# CPU Temp --REQUIRES CPU TEMPERATURE TO BE RUNNING!--
#
import clr
clr.AddReference('System.Management')
from System.Management import (ManagementScope, ManagementObject, ManagementObjectSearcher, WqlObjectQuery)
scope = ManagementScope("root\CPUThermometer")
searcher = ManagementObjectSearcher(scope,
WqlObjectQuery("SELECT * FROM Sensor Where SensorType LIKE 'Temperature'"), None)
mo = ManagementObject()
print "\n"
print " Temp Min Max"
strout = str(' ')
for mo in searcher.Get():
strout = '{0} {1} C {2} C {3} C\n{4}'.format(mo["Name"], mo["Value"], mo["Min"], mo["Max"], strout)
print strout
样例输出:
D:\IronPython 2.7>ipy64 c:\users\neamerjell\desktop\test.py
Temp Min Max
CPU Core #1 21.0 C 20.0 C 37.0 C
CPU Core #2 23.0 C 21.0 C 39.0 C
CPU Core #3 21.0 C 20.0 C 32.0 C
CPU Core #4 21.0 C 20.0 C 36.0 C