以下是我用来实施密码套件和协议的Java类。在使用
SSLSocketFactoryEx之前，当我可以访问
SSLSocket时，我会修改它们的属性。Java社区在Stack Overflow上帮助了我，所以现在我很高兴能在这里发布它。
SSLSocketFactoryEx更喜欢更强的密码套件（例如
ECDHE和
DHE），并省略了较弱和不安全的密码套件（例如
RC4和
MD5）。但是，在TLS 1.2不可用时，它必须启用四个RSA密钥传输密码套件，以与Google和Microsoft进行交互。它们是
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256，
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA和两个伙伴。如果可能，应该删除
TLS_RSA_*密钥传输方案。
请将密码套件列表保持尽可能小。如果您广告所有可用密码（类似于Flaschen的列表），那么您的列表将超过80个。这在
ClientHello中占用了160个字节，可能会导致一些设备失败，因为它们具有用于处理
ClientHello的小型固定大小缓冲区。无法正常工作的设备包括F5和Ironport。
实际上，当首选列表与Java支持的密码套件相交时，下面代码中的列表将被减少到10或15个密码套件。例如，当我准备使用无限制的JCE策略连接microsoft.com或google.com时，以下是我得到的列表:
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
这个列表省略了一些弱的/受伤的算法，例如RC4和MD5。如果它们被启用，那么您可能会偶尔收到来自浏览器的过时的加密警告。
使用默认的JCE策略，列表会更小，因为该策略删除了AES-256和其他一些算法。我认为受限策略下的密码套件大约有7个。
SSLSocketFactoryEx类还确保使用TLS 1.0及以上协议。Java 8之前的Java客户端禁用TLS 1.1和1.2。 SSLContext.getInstance("TLS")也会悄悄地插入SSLv3（即使在Java 8中），因此必须采取措施将其移除。
最后，下面的类是TLS 1.3感知的，所以当提供者提供时它应该可以工作。如果可用，*_CHACHA20_POLY1305密码套件是首选，因为它们比一些当前的套件快得多，并且具有更好的安全性能。Google已经在其服务器上推出了它。我不确定Oracle何时会提供它们。OpenSSL将在OpenSSL 1.1.0中提供它们。
您可以像这样使用：
URL url = new URL("https://www.google.com:443");
HttpsURLConnection connection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
SSLSocketFactoryEx factory = new SSLSocketFactoryEx();
connection.setSSLSocketFactory(factory);
connection.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");
InputStream input = connection.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(input, "utf-8");
BufferedReader buffer = new BufferedReader(reader);
...
class SSLSocketFactoryEx extends SSLSocketFactory
{
public SSLSocketFactoryEx() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException
{
initSSLSocketFactoryEx(null,null,null);
}
public SSLSocketFactoryEx(KeyManager[] km, TrustManager[] tm, SecureRandom random) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException
{
initSSLSocketFactoryEx(km, tm, random);
}
public SSLSocketFactoryEx(SSLContext ctx) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException
{
initSSLSocketFactoryEx(ctx);
}
public String[] getDefaultCipherSuites()
{
return m_ciphers;
}
public String[] getSupportedCipherSuites()
{
return m_ciphers;
}
public String[] getDefaultProtocols()
{
return m_protocols;
}
public String[] getSupportedProtocols()
{
return m_protocols;
}
public Socket createSocket(Socket s, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException
{
SSLSocketFactory factory = m_ctx.getSocketFactory();
SSLSocket ss = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(s, host, port, autoClose);
ss.setEnabledProtocols(m_protocols);
ss.setEnabledCipherSuites(m_ciphers);
return ss;
}
public Socket createSocket(InetAddress address, int port, InetAddress localAddress, int localPort) throws IOException
{
SSLSocketFactory factory = m_ctx.getSocketFactory();
SSLSocket ss = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(address, port, localAddress, localPort);
ss.setEnabledProtocols(m_protocols);
ss.setEnabledCipherSuites(m_ciphers);
return ss;
}
public Socket createSocket(String host, int port, InetAddress localHost, int localPort) throws IOException
{
SSLSocketFactory factory = m_ctx.getSocketFactory();
SSLSocket ss = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(host, port, localHost, localPort);
ss.setEnabledProtocols(m_protocols);
ss.setEnabledCipherSuites(m_ciphers);
return ss;
}
public Socket createSocket(InetAddress host, int port) throws IOException
{
SSLSocketFactory factory = m_ctx.getSocketFactory();
SSLSocket ss = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(host, port);
ss.setEnabledProtocols(m_protocols);
ss.setEnabledCipherSuites(m_ciphers);
return ss;
}
public Socket createSocket(String host, int port) throws IOException
{
SSLSocketFactory factory = m_ctx.getSocketFactory();
SSLSocket ss = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(host, port);
ss.setEnabledProtocols(m_protocols);
ss.setEnabledCipherSuites(m_ciphers);
return ss;
}
private void initSSLSocketFactoryEx(KeyManager[] km, TrustManager[] tm, SecureRandom random)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException
{
m_ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
m_ctx.init(km, tm, random);
m_protocols = GetProtocolList();
m_ciphers = GetCipherList();
}
private void initSSLSocketFactoryEx(SSLContext ctx)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException
{
m_ctx = ctx;
m_protocols = GetProtocolList();
m_ciphers = GetCipherList();
}
protected String[] GetProtocolList()
{
String[] preferredProtocols = { "TLSv1", "TLSv1.1", "TLSv1.2", "TLSv1.3" };
String[] availableProtocols = null;
SSLSocket socket = null;
try
{
SSLSocketFactory factory = m_ctx.getSocketFactory();
socket = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket();
availableProtocols = socket.getSupportedProtocols();
Arrays.sort(availableProtocols);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
return new String[]{ "TLSv1" };
}
finally
{
if(socket != null)
socket.close();
}
List<String> aa = new ArrayList<String>();
for(int i = 0; i < preferredProtocols.length; i++)
{
int idx = Arrays.binarySearch(availableProtocols, preferredProtocols[i]);
if(idx >= 0)
aa.add(preferredProtocols[i]);
}
return aa.toArray(new String[0]);
}
protected String[] GetCipherList()
{
String[] preferredCiphers = {
"TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305",
"TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305",
"TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_SHA",
"TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_SHA",
"TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305",
"TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_SHA",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_SHA",
"TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384",
"TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384",
"TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256",
"TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256",
"TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384",
"TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384",
"TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
"TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
"TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384",
"TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256",
"TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA"
};
String[] availableCiphers = null;
try
{
SSLSocketFactory factory = m_ctx.getSocketFactory();
availableCiphers = factory.getSupportedCipherSuites();
Arrays.sort(availableCiphers);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
return new String[] {
"TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256",
"TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA",
"TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV"
};
}
List<String> aa = new ArrayList<String>();
for(int i = 0; i < preferredCiphers.length; i++)
{
int idx = Arrays.binarySearch(availableCiphers, preferredCiphers[i]);
if(idx >= 0)
aa.add(preferredCiphers[i]);
}
aa.add("TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV");
return aa.toArray(new String[0]);
}
private SSLContext m_ctx;
private String[] m_ciphers;
private String[] m_protocols;
}
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA... - 你应该避免使用RSA密钥传输方案（或将它们放在你的广告列表底部）。相反，更喜欢短暂的密钥交换，比如DHE，以实现前向保密。事实上，TLS 1.3正在讨论删除它们，因为它们缺乏这种属性。 - jwwSSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5... -RC4现在是个问题儿童。请参见关于TLS和WPA中RC4的安全性。攻击者可能无法在网络的2MSL时间窗口内伪造HMAC-MD5签名。然而，攻击者可以统计相关密码流中的位。（而MD5对于长期使用，如证书和数字签名，已经死亡）。 - jww