类型错误：按名称“id”和位置（2）给出的参数--wxPython。

Question

我正在尝试使用Notebook类在wxPython中制作选项卡。根据上面链接的教程，我编写了以下代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import wx

class DeployTab(wx.Panel):
    def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs):
        super(DeployTab, self).__init__(self, *args, parent=parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, **kwargs)

        self.sizer = wx.Panel(self)
        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        deploy = wx.Button(
            self.main_panel, 
            label="test 1",
            size=(250, 100))
        self.sizer.Add(deploy, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)

        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)

class ConfigTab(wx.Panel):
    # For now, copy.
    def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ConfigTab, self).__init__(self, *args, parent=parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, **kwargs)

        self.sizer = wx.Panel(self)
        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        deploy = wx.Button(
            self.main_panel, 
            label="test2",
            size=(250, 100))
        self.sizer.Add(deploy, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)

        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)

class NotebookTabs(wx.Notebook):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super(NotebookTabs, self).__init__(self, parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, style=wx.BK_DEFAULT)

        self.deploy_tab = DeployTab(self)
        self.deploy_tab.SetBackgroundColor("Gray")
        self.AddPage(self.main_tab, "Go!")

        self.options_tab = ConfigTab(self)
        self.AddPage(self.options_tab, "Options")


class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.SetSize((300, 250))
        self.SetTitle('Testing')
        self.Centre()
        self.Show(True)

        self.setup_sizers()

    def setup_sizers(self):
        self.panel = wx.Panel(self)
        self.notebook = NotebookTabs(self.panel)
        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.sizer.Add(self.notebook, 1, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5)
        self.panel.SetSizer(self.sizer)
        self.Layout()

    def on_quit(self, event):
        self.Close()

def main():
    app = wx.App()
    MainWindow(None)
    app.MainLoop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

它会显示以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "test.pyw", line 72, in main
    MainWindow(None)
  File "test.pyw", line 55, in __init__
    self.setup_sizers()
  File "test.pyw", line 61, in setup_sizers
    self.notebook = NotebookTabs(self.panel)
  File "test.pyw", line 36, in __init__
    super(NotebookTabs, self).__init__(self, parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, style=wx.BK_DEFAULT)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\wx-2.8-msw-unicode\wx\_controls.py", line 3147, in __init__
    _controls_.Notebook_swiginit(self,_controls_.new_Notebook(*args, **kwargs))
TypeError: Argument given by name ('id') and position (2)

然后我将NotebookTabs更改为以下内容（简化超类初始化）：

class NotebookTabs(wx.Notebook):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super(NotebookTabs, self).__init__(self, parent)

        self.deploy_tab = DeployTab(self)
        self.deploy_tab.SetBackgroundColor("Gray")
        self.AddPage(self.main_tab, "Go!")

        self.options_tab = ConfigTab(self)
        self.AddPage(self.options_tab, "Options")

...并收到了以下错误信息：

File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "test.pyw", line 72, in main
    MainWindow(None)
  File "test.pyw", line 55, in __init__
    self.setup_sizers()
  File "test.pyw", line 61, in setup_sizers
    self.notebook = NotebookTabs(self.panel)
  File "test.pyw", line 36, in __init__
    super(NotebookTabs, self).__init__(self, parent)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\wx-2.8-msw-unicode\wx\_controls.py", line 3147, in __init__
    _controls_.Notebook_swiginit(self,_controls_.new_Notebook(*args, **kwargs))
TypeError: in method 'new_Notebook', expected argument 1 of type 'wxWindows *'

我感觉好像漏了什么很明显的东西，但似乎无法确定问题出在哪里。有人可以帮我识别问题吗？

- Michael0x2a

Answer 1

你不应该将self传递给super(NotebookTabs, self).__init__，super会自动处理：

super(NotebookTabs, self).__init__(parent)

super(DeployTab, self).__init__(*args, parent=parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, **kwargs)

super(ConfigTab, self).__init__(*args, parent=parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, **kwargs)

- Pavel Anossov

Answer 2

当您在位置参数和关键字参数中同时传递相同的参数时，就会出现此问题：

def foo(x=10, y=20):
    ...

args = [5]
kwargs = { "x":15 }
foo(*args, **kwargs) # x is passed twice

我不熟悉wxPython，因此无法确定出现问题的确切位置，但我建议检查您使用*args和/或**kwargs的代码，因为问题肯定出在这里。

更新：正如@Pavel Anossov所指出的，问题是重复使用了self。

super(NotebookTabs, self).__init__(self, parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, style=wx.BK_DEFAULT)

这样调用时，self将是第一个参数（parent），parent将是第二个参数（id）。由于您还将id作为关键字参数传递，因此会出现错误。

- mgibsonbr

---

你是第一个解释这个错误原因的人。谢谢！ - Georg W.