按下View时更改背景颜色：如何显示View正在被按下？

Question

目前，我有一个带有9-patch图像边框的自定义视图。

该自定义视图在LinearLayout中被放置了三次，因此它看起来像这样:

+------------------------+
|  CustomView            |
+------------------------+
|  CustomView            |
+------------------------+
|  CustomView            |
+------------------------+

我已经给这个视图添加了一个点击事件监听器，所以它是可点击的。但当我点击它时，我看不到自己点击了它——颜色没有变化。

因此，我想添加一个“onPress”监听器，然后更改视图的背景，但我找不到这样的监听器。

那么，如何在视图上创建行为，以便我可以看到它被按下了？在Android中，通常会使用绿色背景来表示它正在被按下。

- Ted

Answer 1

您可以为视图设置OnClickListener。当视图被点击时，将调用它。但是，对于像单击视图时更改背景这样简单的任务，您应该使用具有状态的Drawable。它们的工作方式如下：您需要创建3个9-patch图像。

1. 正常背景，就像您现在拥有的那样。
2. 当用户使用跟踪球/ D-pad选择视图时，背景应该是什么样子。
3. 当用户单击它时，视图应该是什么样子。

然后，在drawable文件夹中创建一个新的XML文件。它应该像这样：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item
    android:state_focused="true"
    android:state_pressed="true"
    android:drawable="@drawable/background_pressed" />
<item
    android:state_focused="true"
    android:state_pressed="false"
    android:drawable="@drawable/background_focused" />
<item
    android:state_focused="false"
    android:state_pressed="true"
    android:drawable="@drawable/background_pressed" />
<item
    android:drawable="@drawable/background_normal" />

然后，当你设置视图的背景时，将其设置为xml文件。

- CaseyB

---

谢谢你 =) 所以，我离解决方案有点近了。我不是试图找到一个“onPress”东西，而是创建了3个不同的图像，并将它们放入Selector-XML文件中，然后将Selector-XML文件作为背景附加？我会尝试一下 =) 谢谢！ - Ted

哦，关于 [ android:drawable="@drawable/background_pressed" ] 我找不到我的可绘制对象。如果我尝试用我的图像替换 background_pressed，它就不会显示出来。 我有什么遗漏吗？ - Ted

嗯，似乎不起作用了...它就像平常一样 - 没有改变背景... - Ted

我猜这可能与我在指定android:drawable="..."时没有得到建议有关。 - Ted

你是把XML添加到Eclipse中还是直接添加到文件系统中了？如果是添加到文件系统中，你需要刷新Eclipse文件夹。至于没有找到drawable，你需要确保在XML中输入的名称与图像名称完全相同（减去扩展名）。并且，你需要确保将视图设置为可点击和可聚焦。 - CaseyB

Answer 2

在您无法访问颜色时，您可以将colors.xml添加到值文件夹中，并添加一些您喜欢的颜色，例如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
 <color name="background_pressed">#FFFF00</color> <!--yellow-->
 <color name="background_normal">#808000</color>    <!--olive-->
 <color name="background_focused">#0000FF</color>    <!--blue-->
</resources>

然后在drawable文件夹中添加另一个xml文件，使用您喜欢的任何名称

其内容与之前的答案类似，但是您需要使用@color而不是@drawable进行调用。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item
    android:state_focused="true"
    android:state_pressed="true"
    android:drawable="@color/background_pressed" />
<item
    android:state_focused="true"
    android:state_pressed="false"
    android:drawable="@color/background_focused" />
<item
    android:state_focused="false"
    android:state_pressed="true"
    android:drawable="@color/background_pressed" />
<item
    android:drawable="@color/background_normal" />
</selector>

现在你可以将视图的背景设置为你的drawable文件夹中的图片。

android:background="@drawable/background_click_state"

如果您想要所有的X11/w3c颜色代码，请使用这篇文章或者只是提供在此处的代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
 <color name="White">#FFFFFF</color>
 <color name="Ivory">#FFFFF0</color>
 <color name="LightYellow">#FFFFE0</color>
 <color name="Yellow">#FFFF00</color>
 <color name="Snow">#FFFAFA</color>
 <color name="FloralWhite">#FFFAF0</color>
 <color name="LemonChiffon">#FFFACD</color>
 <color name="Cornsilk">#FFF8DC</color>
 <color name="Seashell">#FFF5EE</color>
 <color name="LavenderBlush">#FFF0F5</color>
 <color name="PapayaWhip">#FFEFD5</color>
 <color name="BlanchedAlmond">#FFEBCD</color>
 <color name="MistyRose">#FFE4E1</color>
 <color name="Bisque">#FFE4C4</color>
 <color name="Moccasin">#FFE4B5</color>
 <color name="NavajoWhite">#FFDEAD</color>
 <color name="PeachPuff">#FFDAB9</color>
 <color name="Gold">#FFD700</color>
 <color name="Pink">#FFC0CB</color>
 <color name="LightPink">#FFB6C1</color>
 <color name="Orange">#FFA500</color>
 <color name="LightSalmon">#FFA07A</color>
 <color name="DarkOrange">#FF8C00</color>
 <color name="Coral">#FF7F50</color>
 <color name="HotPink">#FF69B4</color>
 <color name="Tomato">#FF6347</color>
 <color name="OrangeRed">#FF4500</color>
 <color name="DeepPink">#FF1493</color>
 <color name="Fuchsia">#FF00FF</color>
 <color name="Magenta">#FF00FF</color>
 <color name="Red">#FF0000</color>
 <color name="OldLace">#FDF5E6</color>
 <color name="LightGoldenrodYellow">#FAFAD2</color>
 <color name="Linen">#FAF0E6</color>
 <color name="AntiqueWhite">#FAEBD7</color>
 <color name="Salmon">#FA8072</color>
 <color name="GhostWhite">#F8F8FF</color>
 <color name="MintCream">#F5FFFA</color>
 <color name="WhiteSmoke">#F5F5F5</color>
 <color name="Beige">#F5F5DC</color>
 <color name="Wheat">#F5DEB3</color>
 <color name="SandyBrown">#F4A460</color>
 <color name="Azure">#F0FFFF</color>
 <color name="Honeydew">#F0FFF0</color>
 <color name="AliceBlue">#F0F8FF</color>
 <color name="Khaki">#F0E68C</color>
 <color name="LightCoral">#F08080</color>
 <color name="PaleGoldenrod">#EEE8AA</color>
 <color name="Violet">#EE82EE</color>
 <color name="DarkSalmon">#E9967A</color>
 <color name="Lavender">#E6E6FA</color>
 <color name="LightCyan">#E0FFFF</color>
 <color name="BurlyWood">#DEB887</color>
 <color name="Plum">#DDA0DD</color>
 <color name="Gainsboro">#DCDCDC</color>
 <color name="Crimson">#DC143C</color>
 <color name="PaleVioletRed">#DB7093</color>
 <color name="Goldenrod">#DAA520</color>
 <color name="Orchid">#DA70D6</color>
 <color name="Thistle">#D8BFD8</color>
 <color name="LightGrey">#D3D3D3</color>
 <color name="Tan">#D2B48C</color>
 <color name="Chocolate">#D2691E</color>
 <color name="Peru">#CD853F</color>
 <color name="IndianRed">#CD5C5C</color>
 <color name="MediumVioletRed">#C71585</color>
 <color name="Silver">#C0C0C0</color>
 <color name="DarkKhaki">#BDB76B</color>
 <color name="RosyBrown">#BC8F8F</color>
 <color name="MediumOrchid">#BA55D3</color>
 <color name="DarkGoldenrod">#B8860B</color>
 <color name="FireBrick">#B22222</color>
 <color name="PowderBlue">#B0E0E6</color>
 <color name="LightSteelBlue">#B0C4DE</color>
 <color name="PaleTurquoise">#AFEEEE</color>
 <color name="GreenYellow">#ADFF2F</color>
 <color name="LightBlue">#ADD8E6</color>
 <color name="DarkGray">#A9A9A9</color>
 <color name="Brown">#A52A2A</color>
 <color name="Sienna">#A0522D</color>
 <color name="YellowGreen">#9ACD32</color>
 <color name="DarkOrchid">#9932CC</color>
 <color name="PaleGreen">#98FB98</color>
 <color name="DarkViolet">#9400D3</color>
 <color name="MediumPurple">#9370DB</color>
 <color name="LightGreen">#90EE90</color>
 <color name="DarkSeaGreen">#8FBC8F</color>
 <color name="SaddleBrown">#8B4513</color>
 <color name="DarkMagenta">#8B008B</color>
 <color name="DarkRed">#8B0000</color>
 <color name="BlueViolet">#8A2BE2</color>
 <color name="LightSkyBlue">#87CEFA</color>
 <color name="SkyBlue">#87CEEB</color>
 <color name="Gray">#808080</color>
 <color name="Olive">#808000</color>
 <color name="Purple">#800080</color>
 <color name="Maroon">#800000</color>
 <color name="Aquamarine">#7FFFD4</color>
 <color name="Chartreuse">#7FFF00</color>
 <color name="LawnGreen">#7CFC00</color>
 <color name="MediumSlateBlue">#7B68EE</color>
 <color name="LightSlateGray">#778899</color>
 <color name="SlateGray">#708090</color>
 <color name="OliveDrab">#6B8E23</color>
 <color name="SlateBlue">#6A5ACD</color>
 <color name="DimGray">#696969</color>
 <color name="MediumAquamarine">#66CDAA</color>
 <color name="CornflowerBlue">#6495ED</color>
 <color name="CadetBlue">#5F9EA0</color>
 <color name="DarkOliveGreen">#556B2F</color>
 <color name="Indigo">#4B0082</color>
 <color name="MediumTurquoise">#48D1CC</color>
 <color name="DarkSlateBlue">#483D8B</color>
 <color name="SteelBlue">#4682B4</color>
 <color name="RoyalBlue">#4169E1</color>
 <color name="Turquoise">#40E0D0</color>
 <color name="MediumSeaGreen">#3CB371</color>
 <color name="LimeGreen">#32CD32</color>
 <color name="DarkSlateGray">#2F4F4F</color>
 <color name="SeaGreen">#2E8B57</color>
 <color name="ForestGreen">#228B22</color>
 <color name="LightSeaGreen">#20B2AA</color>
 <color name="DodgerBlue">#1E90FF</color>
 <color name="MidnightBlue">#191970</color>
 <color name="Aqua">#00FFFF</color>
 <color name="Cyan">#00FFFF</color>
 <color name="SpringGreen">#00FF7F</color>
 <color name="Lime">#00FF00</color>
 <color name="MediumSpringGreen">#00FA9A</color>
 <color name="DarkTurquoise">#00CED1</color>
 <color name="DeepSkyBlue">#00BFFF</color>
 <color name="DarkCyan">#008B8B</color>
 <color name="Teal">#008080</color>
 <color name="Green">#008000</color>
 <color name="DarkGreen">#006400</color>
 <color name="Blue">#0000FF</color>
 <color name="MediumBlue">#0000CD</color>
 <color name="DarkBlue">#00008B</color>
 <color name="Navy">#000080</color>
 <color name="Black">#000000</color>
</resources>

- Eftekhari