Visual Studio 2012加载错误

Question

加载Visual Studio 2012时出现错误："遇到异常。这可能是由于扩展引起的。"

以下是来自xml文件的信息：

System.ComponentModel.Composition.CompositionException: The composition produced a single composition error, with 2 root causes. 
The root causes are provided below. 
Review the CompositionException.Errors property for more detailed information.
) The export Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider is not assignable to type System.Boolean.

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager.IsKnockoutEnabled (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager.IsKnockoutEnabled (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider.teBufferFeatureManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider.teBufferFeatureManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

2) The export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider")' is not assignable to type 'System.Collections.Generic.ISet`1[[System.String, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]]'.

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider.SupportedTagNames (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider.SupportedTagNames (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider") -->  Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

   at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CompositionServices.GetExportedValueFromComposedPart(ImportEngine engine, ComposablePart part, ExportDefinition definition)
   at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CatalogExportProvider.GetExportedValue(CatalogPart part, ExportDefinition export, Boolean isSharedPart)
   at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CatalogExportProvider.CatalogExport.GetExportedValueCore()
   at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Primitives.Export.get_Value()
   at System.ComponentModel.Composition.ExportServices.GetCastedExportedValue[T](Export export)
   at System.ComponentModel.Composition.ExportServices.<>c__DisplayClass4`2.<CreateStronglyTypedLazyOfTM>b__1()
   at System.Lazy`1.CreateValue()
   at System.Lazy`1.LazyInitValue()
   at System.Lazy`1.get_Value()
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.Implementation.TagAggregator`1.GatherTaggers(ITextBuffer textBuffer)</description>

有人知道我该如何修复它吗？

此致敬礼，

本杰明

- Kapoue

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你安装了哪些扩展？ - radu florescu

Answer 1

很好，这对我有用。在web.config文件中更新assemblies标签。在项目加载期间，IDE无法加载这些程序集。以下是我的建议...

          <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
  <add assembly="System.ServiceModel.Activation, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
  <add assembly="System.Runtime.Serialization, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Web.ApplicationServices, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
  <add assembly="System, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Web, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/>
  <add assembly="System.Configuration, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/>
  <add assembly="System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Xml, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Web.Services, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/>
  <add assembly="System.Data, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Core, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Data.Linq, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Drawing, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/>
  <add assembly="System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.ServiceModel.Web, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
  <add assembly="System.Data.Services.Client, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Data.Services.Design, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Data.Entity, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Design, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/>
  <add assembly="System.Web.DynamicData, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
  <add assembly="System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
  <add assembly="System.Web.Entity, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
  <add assembly="System.Xml.Linq, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>

- David Blay

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如果问题仍然存在，请尝试更新一些插件，特别是Web Essentials插件。 - David Blay

是的 - 我和 OP 一样遇到了类似的错误，有 "2 个根本原因" - 虽然堆栈跟踪不同，但更新 Web Essentials 解决了问题。 - jaminto