这篇文章 "如何在我的gcc C++应用程序崩溃时生成堆栈跟踪" 解释了当应用程序崩溃时如何生成堆栈跟踪。但是，gcc版本在Windows MinGW上不起作用。实际上，由于缺少头文件execinfo.h，它甚至无法编译。
在Windows XP及以上版本的MinGW上是否已经有可用的东西？
编辑
以下是可能的步骤进行堆栈跟踪。但是，当我尝试在异常的catch块中遍历堆栈时，我没有得到期望的结果。我只能获得抛出异常的函数名称，之后显示列表-->main-->等等
步骤：
在Win32 API stack walk with MinGW/MSYS?的帖子中，José Luis Cebrián提供的第一个答案指向了Mr.Edd的堆栈跟踪库的链接http://www.mr-edd.co.uk/code/stack_trace
上述链接中可用的stackwalker依赖于dbghelp.dll。由于MinGW没有为此提供导入库，因此使用mingw的dlltool生成了它。命令如下：
dlltool -k -d dbghelp.def -l dbghelp.a
注意1：.def文件可以在Wine项目中找到
注意2：库的生成不适用于所有版本的MinGW。我在使用4.4.1版本时遇到了问题，但在4.6.1版本中可以正常工作
除了-ldbghelp之外，还使用了-lbfd，-lintl和-liberty库进行链接
结构化异常处理来自链接http://www.programmingunlimited.net/siteexec/content.cgi?page=mingw-seh
代码视图
"Try" implementation is as below. This part registers the exception handler
{ __SEH_EXCEPTION_REGISTRATION _lseh_er; __SEH_HANDLER _lseh_handler; _lseh_er.handler = reinterpret_cast<PEXCEPTION_HANDLER>(__SEH_HANDLER::ExceptionRouter); _lseh_er.exthandler = &_lseh_handler; asm volatile ("movl %%fs:0, %0" : "=r" (_lseh_er.prev)); asm volatile ("movl %0, %%fs:0" : : "r" (&_lseh_er)); int _lseh_setjmp_res = setjmp(_lseh_handler.context); while(true) { if(_lseh_setjmp_res != 0) { break; }The ExceptionRounter function calls another function ExceptionHandler where the context and record are copied. The implementation is as below.
EXCEPTION_DISPOSITION __SEH_HANDLER::ExceptionHandler(PEXCEPTION_RECORD pRecord, __SEH_EXCEPTION_REGISTRATION* pReg, PCONTEXT pContext, PEXCEPTION_RECORD pRecord2) { CopyMemory(&excContext, pContext, sizeof(_CONTEXT)); CopyMemory(&excRecord, pRecord, sizeof(_EXCEPTION_RECORD)); // Jump back to the function where the exception actually occurred. The 1 is the // return code that will be returned by set_jmp. longjmp(context, 1); }After this is my code that throws exception
Followed by implementation of "catch" or seh_excep.
break; } PEXCEPTION_RECORD rec = &_lseh_handler.excRecord; PCONTEXT ctx = &_lseh_handler.excContext; asm volatile ("movl %0, %%fs:0" : : "r" (_lseh_er.prev)); if(_lseh_setjmp_res != 0)Then comes the code to walk the stack from Mr.Edd's stackwalker.
lock lk(g_fill_frames_mtx); symbol_context sc; bfd_context bfdc; STACKFRAME frame = empty_pod; CONTEXT context = empty_pod; context.ContextFlags = CONTEXT_FULL; /*Below part is commented as the context of the exception causing code has to be used and not the current context*/ /* windows_dll kernel32("kernel32.dll"); void (WINAPI *RtlCaptureContext_)(CONTEXT*) = kernel32.function("RtlCaptureContext"); RtlCaptureContext_(&context); */ context = _lseh_handler.excContex; frame.AddrPC.Offset = context.Eip; frame.AddrPC.Mode = AddrModeFlat; frame.AddrStack.Offset = context.Esp; frame.AddrStack.Mode = AddrModeFlat; frame.AddrFrame.Offset = context.Ebp; frame.AddrFrame.Mode = AddrModeFlat; HANDLE process = GetCurrentProcess(); HANDLE thread = GetCurrentThread(); bool skip = true; bool has_limit = limit != 0; char symbol_buffer[sizeof(IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL) + 255]; char module_name_raw[MAX_PATH]; const DWORD machine = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386; while(StackWalk(machine, process, thread, &frame, &context, 0, SymFunctionTableAccess, SymGetModuleBase, 0)) { if (skip) { skip = false; continue; } if (has_limit && limit-- == 0) break; IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL *symbol = reinterpret_cast<IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL *>(symbol_buffer); symbol->SizeOfStruct = (sizeof *symbol) + 255; symbol->MaxNameLength = 254; DWORD module_base = SymGetModuleBase(process, frame.AddrPC.Offset); std::string module_name = unknown_module; if (module_base && GetModuleFileNameA(reinterpret_cast<HINSTANCE>(module_base), module_name_raw, MAX_PATH)) module_name = module_name_raw; std::string func = bfdc.get_function_name(frame.AddrPC.Offset); if (func.empty()) { DWORD dummy = 0; BOOL got_symbol = SymGetSymFromAddr(process, frame.AddrPC.Offset, &dummy, symbol); func = got_symbol ? symbol->Name : unknown_function; } dbg::stack_frame f(reinterpret_cast<const void *>(frame.AddrPC.Offset), func, module_name); frames.push_back(f); } } } std::copy(frames.begin(), frames.end(), std::ostream_iterator<dbg::stack_frame>(std::cout, "\n"));
问候，Shreyas