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安卓测试工具无法安装APK

androidandroid-virtual-deviceandroid-instrumentation
16
我希望在我的CI流水线中运行仪器化测试，但当我运行这些测试时，它们失败了，因为无法安装APK（据我所理解）。
> Task :app:connectedDebugAndroidTest FAILED
Mar 18, 2022 3:00:59 PM com.google.testing.platform.RunnerImpl run
SEVERE: Test execution failed with fatal error!
com.google.testing.platform.api.plugin.PluginException: Exception thrown during onBeforeAll invocation of plugin com.google.testing.platform.plugin.android.AndroidDevicePlugin.
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycleKt.invokeOrThrow(PluginLifecycle.kt:216)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycleKt.invokeOrThrow$default(PluginLifecycle.kt:205)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle$onBeforeAll$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:92)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle$onBeforeAll$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:88)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.common.noop.NoopDiagnosticsScope.recordEvent(NoopDiagnosticsScope.kt:35)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent(Telemetry.kt:105)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent$default(Telemetry.kt:98)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle.onBeforeAll(PluginLifecycle.kt:88)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.SingleDeviceExecutor$execute$4.invoke(SingleDeviceExecutor.kt:86)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.SingleDeviceExecutor$execute$4.invoke(SingleDeviceExecutor.kt:86)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.SingleDeviceExecutor.runUnlessCancelled(SingleDeviceExecutor.kt:105)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.SingleDeviceExecutor.execute(SingleDeviceExecutor.kt:86)
        at com.google.testing.platform.RunnerImpl.run(RunnerImpl.kt:108)
        at com.google.testing.platform.server.strategy.NonInteractiveServerStrategy$run$4.invoke(NonInteractiveServerStrategy.kt:80)
        at com.google.testing.platform.server.strategy.NonInteractiveServerStrategy$run$4.invoke(NonInteractiveServerStrategy.kt:79)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.common.noop.NoopDiagnosticsScope.recordEvent(NoopDiagnosticsScope.kt:35)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent(Telemetry.kt:66)
        at com.google.testing.platform.server.strategy.NonInteractiveServerStrategy.run(NonInteractiveServerStrategy.kt:79)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt$main$4.invokeSuspend(Main.kt:67)
        at kotlin.coroutines.jvm.internal.BaseContinuationImpl.resumeWith(ContinuationImpl.kt:33)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.DispatchedTask.run(DispatchedTask.kt:106)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.EventLoopImplBase.processNextEvent(EventLoop.common.kt:274)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BlockingCoroutine.joinBlocking(Builders.kt:85)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt__BuildersKt.runBlocking(Builders.kt:59)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt.runBlocking(Unknown Source)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt__BuildersKt.runBlocking$default(Builders.kt:38)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt.runBlocking$default(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt.main(Main.kt:66)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt.main$default(Main.kt:34)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt.main(Main.kt)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
        at com.google.testing.platform.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:149)
Caused by: com.google.testing.platform.core.error.UtpException: ErrorName: UNKNOWN
NameSpace: DdmlibAndroidDeviceController
ErrorCode: 1
Message: Failed to install APKs: UNKNOWN
        at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.deviceprovider.ddmlib.DdmlibAndroidDeviceController$executeAsync$deferred$1.invokeSuspend(DdmlibAndroidDeviceController.kt:197)
        at kotlin.coroutines.jvm.internal.BaseContinuationImpl.resumeWith(ContinuationImpl.kt:33)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.DispatchedTask.run(DispatchedTask.kt:56)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler.runSafely(CoroutineScheduler.kt:571)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.executeTask(CoroutineScheduler.kt:738)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.runWorker(CoroutineScheduler.kt:678)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.run(CoroutineScheduler.kt:665)
Caused by: com.android.ddmlib.InstallException: Unknown failure: Exception occurred while executing 'install':
java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.content.pm.PackageManagerInternal.freeStorage(java.lang.String, long, int)' on a null object reference
at com.android.server.StorageManagerService.allocateBytes(StorageManagerService.java:4033)
at android.os.storage.StorageManager.allocateBytes(StorageManager.java:2340)
at android.os.storage.StorageManager.allocateBytes(StorageManager.java:2419)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageInstallerSession.doWriteInternal(PackageInstallerSession.java:1556)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageInstallerSession.write(PackageInstallerSession.java:1469)
at android.content.pm.PackageInstaller$Session.write(PackageInstaller.java:1045)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerShellCommand.doWriteSplit(PackageManagerShellCommand.java:3338)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerShellCommand.doWriteSplits(PackageManagerShellCommand.java:3300)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerShellCommand.doRunInstall(PackageManagerShellCommand.java:1351)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerShellCommand.runInstall(PackageManagerShellCommand.java:1303)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerShellCommand.onCommand(PackageManagerShellCommand.java:193)
at com.android.modules.utils.BasicShellCommandHandler.exec(BasicShellCommandHandler.java:97)
at android.os.ShellCommand.exec(ShellCommand.java:38)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerService.onShellCommand(PackageManagerService.java:24742)
at android.os.Binder.shellCommand(Binder.java:950)
at android.os.Binder.onTransact(Binder.java:834)
at android.content.pm.IPackageManager$Stub.onTransact(IPackageManager.java:4818)
at com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerService.onTransact(PackageManagerService.java:8839)
at android.os.Binder.execTransactInternal(Binder.java:1184)
at android.os.Binder.execTransact(Binder.java:1143)
        at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.installRemotePackage(DeviceImpl.java:1314)
        at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.installPackage(DeviceImpl.java:1140)
        at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.deviceprovider.ddmlib.DdmlibAndroidDevice.installPackage(DdmlibAndroidDevice.kt)
        at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.deviceprovider.ddmlib.DdmlibAndroidDeviceController$executeAsync$deferred$1.invokeSuspend(DdmlibAndroidDeviceController.kt:166)
        ... 6 more

Mar 18, 2022 3:00:59 PM com.android.tools.utp.plugins.host.additionaltestoutput.AndroidAdditionalTestOutputPlugin deviceShellAndCheckSuccess
WARNING: Shell command failed (1): ls "/sdcard/Android/media/xxxxx/additional_test_output"
ls: /sdcard/Android/media/xxxxx/additional_test_output: No such file or directory

Mar 18, 2022 3:00:59 PM com.android.tools.utp.plugins.host.additionaltestoutput.AndroidAdditionalTestOutputPlugin afterAll
WARNING: Failed to retrieve additional test outputs from device.
com.android.ddmlib.SyncException: Remote object doesn't exist!
        at com.android.ddmlib.SyncService.pullFile(SyncService.java:341)
        at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.pullFile(DeviceImpl.java:1083)
        at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.deviceprovider.ddmlib.DdmlibAndroidDevice.pullFile(DdmlibAndroidDevice.kt)
        at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.deviceprovider.ddmlib.DdmlibAndroidDeviceController.pull(DdmlibAndroidDeviceController.kt:254)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.DeviceControllerProxy$pull$2.invoke(DeviceControllerProxy.kt:82)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.DeviceControllerProxy$pull$2.invoke(DeviceControllerProxy.kt:82)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.common.noop.NoopDiagnosticsScope.recordEvent(NoopDiagnosticsScope.kt:35)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent(Telemetry.kt:66)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.DeviceControllerProxy.pull(DeviceControllerProxy.kt:79)
        at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.host.additionaltestoutput.AndroidAdditionalTestOutputPlugin.copyAdditionalTestOutputsFromDeviceToHost(AndroidAdditionalTestOutputPlugin.kt:222)
        at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.host.additionaltestoutput.AndroidAdditionalTestOutputPlugin.afterAll(AndroidAdditionalTestOutputPlugin.kt:206)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle$onAfterAll$1$2$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:180)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle$onAfterAll$1$2$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:179)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycleKt$invokeOrThrow$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:213)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycleKt$invokeOrThrow$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:212)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.common.noop.NoopDiagnosticsScope.recordEvent(NoopDiagnosticsScope.kt:35)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent(Telemetry.kt:105)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent$default(Telemetry.kt:98)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycleKt.invokeOrThrow(PluginLifecycle.kt:212)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycleKt.invokeOrThrow$default(PluginLifecycle.kt:205)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle$onAfterAll$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:179)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle$onAfterAll$1.invoke(PluginLifecycle.kt:173)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.common.noop.NoopDiagnosticsScope.recordEvent(NoopDiagnosticsScope.kt:35)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent(Telemetry.kt:105)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent$default(Telemetry.kt:98)
        at com.google.testing.platform.plugin.PluginLifecycle.onAfterAll(PluginLifecycle.kt:173)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.SingleDeviceExecutor$execute$3.invoke(SingleDeviceExecutor.kt:83)
        at com.google.testing.platform.executor.SingleDeviceExecutor$execute$3.invoke(SingleDeviceExecutor.kt:82)
        at com.google.testing.platform.result.TestResultListenerManager.afterTestSuite(TestResultListenerManager.kt:140)
        at com.google.testing.platform.RunnerImpl.run(RunnerImpl.kt:118)
        at com.google.testing.platform.server.strategy.NonInteractiveServerStrategy$run$4.invoke(NonInteractiveServerStrategy.kt:80)
        at com.google.testing.platform.server.strategy.NonInteractiveServerStrategy$run$4.invoke(NonInteractiveServerStrategy.kt:79)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.common.noop.NoopDiagnosticsScope.recordEvent(NoopDiagnosticsScope.kt:35)
        at com.google.testing.platform.core.telemetry.TelemetryKt.recordEvent(Telemetry.kt:66)
        at com.google.testing.platform.server.strategy.NonInteractiveServerStrategy.run(NonInteractiveServerStrategy.kt:79)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt$main$4.invokeSuspend(Main.kt:67)
        at kotlin.coroutines.jvm.internal.BaseContinuationImpl.resumeWith(ContinuationImpl.kt:33)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.DispatchedTask.run(DispatchedTask.kt:106)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.EventLoopImplBase.processNextEvent(EventLoop.common.kt:274)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BlockingCoroutine.joinBlocking(Builders.kt:85)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt__BuildersKt.runBlocking(Builders.kt:59)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt.runBlocking(Unknown Source)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt__BuildersKt.runBlocking$default(Builders.kt:38)
        at kotlinx.coroutines.BuildersKt.runBlocking$default(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt.main(Main.kt:66)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt.main$default(Main.kt:34)
        at com.google.testing.platform.main.MainKt.main(Main.kt)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
        at com.google.testing.platform.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:149)



Test results saved as file:/var/jenkins_home/workspace/xxxx/app/build/outputs/androidTest-results/connected/S21(AVD)%20-%2012/test-result.pb. Inspect these results in Android Studio by selecting Run > Import Tests From File from the menu bar and importing test-result.pb.
Platform error occurred when running the UTP test suite

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

错误信息看起来像是存储问题，但模拟器应该有足够的存储空间。以下是我启动模拟器的方法：
emulator -avd S21 -memory 2048 -wipe-data -no-boot-anim -cache-size 1000 -noaudio -no-window -partition-size 8192 &

这是设备创建的过程。
avdmanager create avd --force -c 2G -k "system-images;android-32;google_apis;x86_64" -n S21

然后这个 Gradle 脚本会被如下调用：

./gradlew connectedDebugAndroidTest

当我手动构建通用apk，通过adb安装后运行仪器测试时，它可以正常工作。但据我了解，它应该在不需要手动安装应用程序的情况下就能正常工作。
问题出在哪里？
这个答案可能会有帮助，对我有效。 - Gilian Marques
4个回答
19

当我在Android 10上切换Git分支后，尝试运行一些仪器化测试时，出现了类似的错误：

Unknown platform error occurred when running the UTP test suite. Please check logs for details.

解决方案是卸载测试APK，然后通过运行UI测试来重新安装它。步骤如下：

使用手机界面：

  1. 在主屏幕上，按下“应用程序”按钮或向上滑动。然后启动设置应用。
  2. 点击“应用和通知” ➔ “查看所有应用”或“应用程序列表”
  3. 向下滚动列表以找到您的测试APK，通常将具有类似于 "com.company.app.test" 的标题，并且它将具有一般绿色的Android图标。
  4. 单击此测试APK ➔ 卸载 ➔ 确定。
  5. 现在运行您的UI测试。Android Studio将重新安装测试APK的新版本。

使用命令行上的adb：

# Replace "com.company.app.test" with your APK test package ID
adb uninstall com.company.app.test
手动卸载应用程序和测试 APK 对我很有效。 - Code-Apprentice
非法参数异常：未知的包。 - Mostafa Imani
那对我很有效。 - Kristy Welsh
3
可能有一些原因导致这个错误：

  1. Android Gradle插件版本与Gradle版本不兼容。

  2. 如果您使用的是无线调试，请尝试使用USB调试。

目前您的回答写得不是很清晰。请编辑并添加更多细节，以帮助其他人理解这个问题的答案。您可以在帮助中心找到有关如何撰写好答案的更多信息。 - Community
1
对我来说，在无线调试时，它在物理设备上失败了。 - Tjaart
3
在我的情况下，模拟器的存储空间不足，显然，在安装之前，“测试 apk” 文件被放置在模拟器中，并且在测试完成后仍然存在。因此，我不得不删除这些文件，然后它又开始正常工作了。
或在 AVD 设置中添加空间。 - CoolMind
1
我找到了一个解决方案。问题是仿真器启动需要很长时间，因此在仿真器引导时无法安装APK，导致仪器测试失败。 Message: Failed to install APKs: UNKNOWN 我从这里的一条评论中 Detect when Android emulator is fully booted 中提取出了解决方案，并进行了修改以延迟下一步操作直到仿真器完全启动：
emulator -avd S21 -memory 2048 -wipe-data -no-boot-anim -cache-size 1000 -noaudio -no-window -partition-size 8192 &

adb wait-for-device shell 'while [[ -z $(getprop sys.boot_completed) ]]; do sleep 1; done;'
使用Jenkins Android模拟器插件启动模拟器并没有起作用，反而导致了大量错误。因此，我仍然期待更好的解决方案，但目前这个方法可以使用。 - GenError
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