有没有比较简单的方法将datetime对象转换成RFC 1123(HTTP / 1.1)日期/时间字符串,即格式为
Sun, 06 Nov 1994 08:49:37 GMT
strftime
无法使用,因为字符串是依赖于语言环境的。我需要手动构建字符串吗?
您可以使用标准库中的wsgiref.handlers.format_date_time,它不依赖于本地化设置。
from wsgiref.handlers import format_date_time
from datetime import datetime
from time import mktime
now = datetime.now()
stamp = mktime(now.timetuple())
print format_date_time(stamp) #--> Wed, 22 Oct 2008 10:52:40 GMT
from email.utils import formatdate
from datetime import datetime
from time import mktime
now = datetime.now()
stamp = mktime(now.timetuple())
print formatdate(
timeval = stamp,
localtime = False,
usegmt = True
) #--> Wed, 22 Oct 2008 10:55:46 GMT
import locale, datetime
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, 'en_US')
datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
如果您不想将语言环境设置为全局,您可以使用Babel 日期格式化。
from datetime import datetime
from babel.dates import format_datetime
now = datetime.utcnow()
format = 'EEE, dd LLL yyyy hh:mm:ss'
print format_datetime(now, format, locale='en') + ' GMT'
手动格式化的方法与wsgiref.handlers.format_date_time完全相同:
def httpdate(dt):
"""Return a string representation of a date according to RFC 1123
(HTTP/1.1).
The supplied date must be in UTC.
"""
weekday = ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"][dt.weekday()]
month = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep",
"Oct", "Nov", "Dec"][dt.month - 1]
return "%s, %02d %s %04d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT" % (weekday, dt.day, month,
dt.year, dt.hour, dt.minute, dt.second)
from email.utils import formatdate
print formatdate(timeval=None, localtime=False, usegmt=True)
以所需的格式显示当前时间:
Wed, 22 Oct 2008 10:32:33 GMT
curl -X POST -H "$(python3 -c 'from email.utils import formatdate; print(formatdate(timeval=None, localtime=False, usegmt=True))')" https://httpbin.org/POST
. - dragon788date
命令,就像这样:LANG=C date -u +"%a, %d %B %Y %T GMT"
。你可能不能依赖于Python3已安装。 - Berdate -Ru
命令。 - vidstige如果有人正在开发 Django 项目,Django 提供了一个函数 django.utils.http.http_date(epoch_seconds)
。
from django.utils.http import http_date
some_datetime = some_object.last_update
response['Last-Modified'] = http_date(some_datetime.timestamp())
此函数使用 email.utils.formatdate
,其等效于:
from email.utils import formatdate
response['Last-Modified'] = formatdate(some_datetime.timestamp(), usegmt=True)
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, 'en_US')
'en_US'
>>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime(locale.nl_langinfo(locale.D_T_FMT))
'Wed 22 Oct 2008 06:05:39 AM '
Well, here is a manual function to format it:
def httpdate(dt):
"""Return a string representation of a date according to RFC 1123
(HTTP/1.1).
The supplied date must be in UTC.
"""
weekday = ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"][dt.weekday()]
month = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep",
"Oct", "Nov", "Dec"][dt.month - 1]
return "%s, %02d %s %04d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT" % (weekday, dt.day, month,
dt.year, dt.hour, dt.minute, dt.second)
stamp = time.time()
而不是now = datetime.now(); stamp = mktime(now.timetuple())
? - brianmearnsemail.utils.formatdate
也在 Python3 的标准库中。我更喜欢这个解决方案 :) - Marco Sulla