如何使用JavaScript或JQuery对HTML实体进行编码和解码?
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
我希望它是:
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
如何使用JavaScript或JQuery对HTML实体进行编码和解码?
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
我希望它是:
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
var decodeEntities = (function() {
// this prevents any overhead from creating the object each time
var element = document.createElement('div');
function decodeHTMLEntities (str) {
if(str && typeof str === 'string') {
// strip script/html tags
str = str.replace(/<script[^>]*>([\S\s]*?)<\/script>/gmi, '');
str = str.replace(/<\/?\w(?:[^"'>]|"[^"]*"|'[^']*')*>/gmi, '');
element.innerHTML = str;
str = element.textContent;
element.textContent = '';
}
return str;
}
return decodeHTMLEntities;
})();
要使用此功能,只需调用decodeEntities("&")
,它将使用与jQuery版本相同的基础技术——但没有jQuery的开销,并在清理输入中的HTML标签后进行。请参见Mike Samuel's comment有关如何过滤HTML标签的接受答案的评论。jQuery.decodeEntities = decodeEntities;
你可以尝试类似以下的方法:
var Title = $('<textarea />').html("Chris' corner").text();
console.log(Title);
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
更互动版本:
$('form').submit(function() {
var theString = $('#string').val();
var varTitle = $('<textarea />').html(theString).text();
$('#output').text(varTitle);
return false;
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<form action="#" method="post">
<fieldset>
<label for="string">Enter a html-encoded string to decode</label>
<input type="text" name="string" id="string" />
</fieldset>
<fieldset>
<input type="submit" value="decode" />
</fieldset>
</form>
<div id="output"></div>
编辑2023年:现在你应该使用像he这样的库。
像Robert K说的那样,不要使用jQuery.html().text()来解码HTML实体,因为这是不安全的,因为用户输入永远不应该访问DOM。阅读关于XSS为什么不安全的内容。
而是尝试使用Underscore.js实用工具库,它带有escape和unescape方法:
转义字符串以便插入到HTML中,替换&
、<
、>
、"
、`
和'
字符。_.escape('Curly, Larry & Moe');
=> "Curly, Larry & Moe"
這是一個將逃逸字符替換為其未逃逸對應字符的過程,包括替換 &
、<
、>
、"
、`
和 '
。_.unescape('Curly, Larry & Moe');
=> "Curly, Larry & Moe"
这是我最喜欢的解码HTML字符的方法。使用此代码的优点是标记也会被保留。
function decodeHtml(html) {
var txt = document.createElement("textarea");
txt.innerHTML = html;
return txt.value;
}
输入:
Entity: Bad attempt at XSS:<script>alert('new\nline?')</script><br>
输出:
Entity: Bad attempt at XSS:<script>alert('new\nline?')</script><br>
function decodeHTMLEntities(text) {
var entities = [
['amp', '&'],
['apos', '\''],
['#x27', '\''],
['#x2F', '/'],
['#39', '\''],
['#47', '/'],
['lt', '<'],
['gt', '>'],
['nbsp', ' '],
['quot', '"']
];
for (var i = 0, max = entities.length; i < max; ++i)
text = text.replace(new RegExp('&' + entities[i][0] + ';', 'g'), entities[i][1]);
return text;
}
console.log(decodeHTMLEntities('& "'));
这里是另一个版本:
function convertHTMLEntity(text){
const span = document.createElement('span');
return text
.replace(/&[#A-Za-z0-9]+;/gi, (entity,position,text)=> {
span.innerHTML = entity;
return span.innerText;
});
}
console.log(convertHTMLEntity('Large < £ 500'));
A-Z
和a-z
,因此是否需要不区分大小写的选项? - tigrou受 Robert K 的解决方案启发,这个版本不会去掉 HTML 标签,并且同样安全。
var decode_entities = (function() {
// Remove HTML Entities
var element = document.createElement('div');
function decode_HTML_entities (str) {
if(str && typeof str === 'string') {
// Escape HTML before decoding for HTML Entities
str = escape(str).replace(/%26/g,'&').replace(/%23/g,'#').replace(/%3B/g,';');
element.innerHTML = str;
if(element.innerText){
str = element.innerText;
element.innerText = '';
}else{
// Firefox support
str = element.textContent;
element.textContent = '';
}
}
return unescape(str);
}
return decode_HTML_entities;
})();
escape()
和unescape()
函数已经被弃用了。
https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/escape - Ben CreasyjQuery提供了一种编码和解码html实体的方法。
如果你使用"
function htmlDecode(value) {
return $("<div/>").html(value).text();
}
function htmlEncode(value) {
return $('<div/>').text(value).html();
}
如果使用"var div = document.createElement('div');
,然后设置innerHTML
并获取innerText
以进行反转义;对于转义,则相反。 - bozdoztext()
方法会剥离无效的HTML,例如在使用表格行时。 - Tim Vermaelenvar decodeEntities = (function() {
// this prevents any overhead from creating the object each time
var element = document.createElement('div');
// regular expression matching HTML entities
var entity = /&(?:#x[a-f0-9]+|#[0-9]+|[a-z0-9]+);?/ig;
return function decodeHTMLEntities(str) {
// find and replace all the html entities
str = str.replace(entity, function(m) {
element.innerHTML = m;
return element.textContent;
});
// reset the value
element.textContent = '';
return str;
}
})();
这是完整版本。
function htmldecode(s){
window.HTML_ESC_MAP = {
"nbsp":" ","iexcl":"¡","cent":"¢","pound":"£","curren":"¤","yen":"¥","brvbar":"¦","sect":"§","uml":"¨","copy":"©","ordf":"ª","laquo":"«","not":"¬","reg":"®","macr":"¯","deg":"°","plusmn":"±","sup2":"²","sup3":"³","acute":"´","micro":"µ","para":"¶","middot":"·","cedil":"¸","sup1":"¹","ordm":"º","raquo":"»","frac14":"¼","frac12":"½","frac34":"¾","iquest":"¿","Agrave":"À","Aacute":"Á","Acirc":"Â","Atilde":"Ã","Auml":"Ä","Aring":"Å","AElig":"Æ","Ccedil":"Ç","Egrave":"È","Eacute":"É","Ecirc":"Ê","Euml":"Ë","Igrave":"Ì","Iacute":"Í","Icirc":"Î","Iuml":"Ï","ETH":"Ð","Ntilde":"Ñ","Ograve":"Ò","Oacute":"Ó","Ocirc":"Ô","Otilde":"Õ","Ouml":"Ö","times":"×","Oslash":"Ø","Ugrave":"Ù","Uacute":"Ú","Ucirc":"Û","Uuml":"Ü","Yacute":"Ý","THORN":"Þ","szlig":"ß","agrave":"à","aacute":"á","acirc":"â","atilde":"ã","auml":"ä","aring":"å","aelig":"æ","ccedil":"ç","egrave":"è","eacute":"é","ecirc":"ê","euml":"ë","igrave":"ì","iacute":"í","icirc":"î","iuml":"ï","eth":"ð","ntilde":"ñ","ograve":"ò","oacute":"ó","ocirc":"ô","otilde":"õ","ouml":"ö","divide":"÷","oslash":"ø","ugrave":"ù","uacute":"ú","ucirc":"û","uuml":"ü","yacute":"ý","thorn":"þ","yuml":"ÿ","fnof":"ƒ","Alpha":"Α","Beta":"Β","Gamma":"Γ","Delta":"Δ","Epsilon":"Ε","Zeta":"Ζ","Eta":"Η","Theta":"Θ","Iota":"Ι","Kappa":"Κ","Lambda":"Λ","Mu":"Μ","Nu":"Ν","Xi":"Ξ","Omicron":"Ο","Pi":"Π","Rho":"Ρ","Sigma":"Σ","Tau":"Τ","Upsilon":"Υ","Phi":"Φ","Chi":"Χ","Psi":"Ψ","Omega":"Ω","alpha":"α","beta":"β","gamma":"γ","delta":"δ","epsilon":"ε","zeta":"ζ","eta":"η","theta":"θ","iota":"ι","kappa":"κ","lambda":"λ","mu":"μ","nu":"ν","xi":"ξ","omicron":"ο","pi":"π","rho":"ρ","sigmaf":"ς","sigma":"σ","tau":"τ","upsilon":"υ","phi":"φ","chi":"χ","psi":"ψ","omega":"ω","thetasym":"ϑ","upsih":"ϒ","piv":"ϖ","bull":"•","hellip":"…","prime":"′","Prime":"″","oline":"‾","frasl":"⁄","weierp":"℘","image":"ℑ","real":"ℜ","trade":"™","alefsym":"ℵ","larr":"←","uarr":"↑","rarr":"→","darr":"↓","harr":"↔","crarr":"↵","lArr":"⇐","uArr":"⇑","rArr":"⇒","dArr":"⇓","hArr":"⇔","forall":"∀","part":"∂","exist":"∃","empty":"∅","nabla":"∇","isin":"∈","notin":"∉","ni":"∋","prod":"∏","sum":"∑","minus":"−","lowast":"∗","radic":"√","prop":"∝","infin":"∞","ang":"∠","and":"∧","or":"∨","cap":"∩","cup":"∪","int":"∫","there4":"∴","sim":"∼","cong":"≅","asymp":"≈","ne":"≠","equiv":"≡","le":"≤","ge":"≥","sub":"⊂","sup":"⊃","nsub":"⊄","sube":"⊆","supe":"⊇","oplus":"⊕","otimes":"⊗","perp":"⊥","sdot":"⋅","lceil":"⌈","rceil":"⌉","lfloor":"⌊","rfloor":"⌋","lang":"〈","rang":"〉","loz":"◊","spades":"♠","clubs":"♣","hearts":"♥","diams":"♦","\"":"quot","amp":"&","lt":"<","gt":">","OElig":"Œ","oelig":"œ","Scaron":"Š","scaron":"š","Yuml":"Ÿ","circ":"ˆ","tilde":"˜","ndash":"–","mdash":"—","lsquo":"‘","rsquo":"’","sbquo":"‚","ldquo":"“","rdquo":"”","bdquo":"„","dagger":"†","Dagger":"‡","permil":"‰","lsaquo":"‹","rsaquo":"›","euro":"€"};
if(!window.HTML_ESC_MAP_EXP)
window.HTML_ESC_MAP_EXP = new RegExp("&("+Object.keys(HTML_ESC_MAP).join("|")+");","g");
return s?s.replace(window.HTML_ESC_MAP_EXP,function(x){
return HTML_ESC_MAP[x.substring(1,x.length-1)]||x;
}):s;
}
使用方法
htmldecode("∑ >€");
è
这样的字符呢? - Kind Contributor