如何使用JavaScript从数组中删除一个对象？

Question

我有一个像这样的 JavaScript 对象：

id="1";
name = "serdar";

我有一个包含许多上述对象的数组。我该如何从该数组中删除一个对象，例如：

obj[1].remove();

- mavera

Answer 1

好的，splice 工作：

var arr = [{id:1,name:'serdar'}];
arr.splice(0,1);
// []

不要在数组上使用delete运算符。 delete不能从数组中删除一个元素，它只会用undefined替换它。

var arr = [0,1,2];
delete arr[1];
// [0, undefined, 2]

但也许你想要这样的东西？

var removeByAttr = function(arr, attr, value){
    var i = arr.length;
    while(i--){
       if( arr[i] 
           && arr[i].hasOwnProperty(attr) 
           && (arguments.length > 2 && arr[i][attr] === value ) ){ 

           arr.splice(i,1);

       }
    }
    return arr;
}

以下只是一个例子。

var arr = [{id:1,name:'serdar'}, {id:2,name:'alfalfa'},{id:3,name:'joe'}];
removeByAttr(arr, 'id', 1);   
// [{id:2,name:'alfalfa'}, {id:3,name:'joe'}]

removeByAttr(arr, 'name', 'joe');
// [{id:2,name:'alfalfa'}]

- BGerrissen

Answer 2

如果您可以访问 ES2015 函数，并且正在寻找一个更加函数式的方法，我会选择以下代码：

const people = [
  { id: 1, name: 'serdar' },
  { id: 5, name: 'alex' },
  { id: 300, name: 'brittany' }
];

const idToRemove = 5;

const filteredPeople = people.filter((item) => item.id !== idToRemove);

// [
//   { id: 1, name: 'serdar' },
//   { id: 300, name: 'brittany' }
// [

请注意，filter()是一个非变异方法，因此您将获得一个新的数组。

请参阅 Mozilla 开发者网络关于 Filter 的说明。

- Benjamin S. Leveritt

Answer 3

最干净、最快的方式（ES6）

const apps = [
  {id:1, name:'Jon'}, 
  {id:2, name:'Dave'},
  {id:3, name:'Joe'}
]

//remove item with id=2
const itemToBeRemoved = {id:2, name:'Dave'}

apps.splice(apps.findIndex(a => a.id === itemToBeRemoved.id) , 1)

//print result
console.log(apps)

更新：如果查找数组中没有任何项，请使用以下解决方案，根据MaxZoom的评论进行了更新

const apps = [
  {id:1, name:'Jon'}, 
  {id:3, name:'Joe'}
]

//remove item with id=2
const itemToBeRemoved = {id:2, name:'Dave'}

const findIndex = apps.findIndex(a => a.id === itemToBeRemoved.id)

findIndex !== -1 && apps.splice(findIndex , 1)

//print result
console.log(apps)

- ajin

---

我喜欢这个解决方案。这里需要添加的一件事是检查索引是否大于-1。 - MaxZoom

Answer 4

您可以使用 splice() 方法或者 delete 运算符来删除数组元素。

主要区别在于，当您使用 delete 运算符删除数组元素时，即使删除的是数组的最后一个元素，数组的长度也不会受到影响。而 splice() 方法会将所有元素向左移动，以便在删除元素后不留下空洞。

使用 delete 运算符的示例：

var trees = ["redwood", "bay", "cedar", "oak", "maple"];  
delete trees[3];  
if (3 in trees) {  
   // this does not get executed  
}
console.log(trees.length);  //  5
console.log(trees);         //  ["redwood", "bay", "cedar", undefined, "maple"]

使用splice()方法的示例：

var trees = ["redwood", "bay", "cedar", "oak", "maple"];  
trees.splice(3, 1);
console.log(trees.length);  //  4
console.log(trees);         //  ["redwood", "bay", "cedar", "maple"]

- Daniel Vassallo

Answer 5

我经常使用这个功能，因此创建了一个小型原型。只需查找该项目，如果匹配，则将其提取出来。

//Prototype to remove object from array, removes first
//matching object only
Array.prototype.remove = function (v) {
    if (this.indexOf(v) != -1) {
        this.splice(this.indexOf(v), 1);
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

可以这样调用:

var arr = [12, 34, 56];
arr.remove(34);

结果将是[12,56]

如果成功删除元素，则返回布尔值true，如果元素不存在则返回false。

- Six Foot Three Foot

Answer 6

如果您知道对象在数组中的索引，则可以使用splice()，正如其他人所提到的：

var removedObject = myArray.splice(index,1);
removedObject = null;

如果您不知道索引，则需要在数组中搜索它，例如：

for (var n = 0 ; n < myArray.length ; n++) {
    if (myArray[n].name == 'serdar') {
      var removedObject = myArray.splice(n,1);
      removedObject = null;
      break;
    }
}

Marcelo

- Marcelo

Answer 7

var arr = [{id:1,name:'serdar'}, {id:2,name:'alfalfa'},{id:3,name:'joe'}];
var ind = arr.findIndex(function(element){
   return element.id===2;
})
if(ind!==-1){
arr.splice(ind, 1)
}
console.log (arr)

请注意，Internet Explorer不支持findIndex方法，但可以从此处使用polyfill。

- Manoj

Answer 8

var user = [
  { id: 1, name: 'Siddhu' },
  { id: 2, name: 'Siddhartha' },
  { id: 3, name: 'Tiwary' }
];

var recToRemove={ id: 1, name: 'Siddhu' };

user.splice(user.indexOf(recToRemove),1)

- Siddhartha

Answer 9

  //K.I.S.S. method
  //(the setup/comments is/are longer than the code)
  //cards is a two dimensional array object
  //  has an array object with 4 elements at each first dimensional index
  //var cards = new Array()
  //cards[cards.length] = new Array(name, colors, cost, type)
  //Can be constructed with Associated arrays, modify code as needed.
  //my test array has 60 'cards' in it
  //  15 'cards' repeated 4 times each
  //  groups were not sorted prior to execution
  //  (I had 4 groups starting with 'U' before the first 'A')
  //Should work with any dimensionality as long as first
  //index controls sort order

  //sort and remove duplicates
  //Algorithm:
  //  While same name side by side, remove higher entry;
  //  assumes 'cards' with same name have same other data
  //  (otherwise use cards[i-1] === cards[i] to compare array objects).
  //Tested on IE9 and FireFox (multiple version #s from 31 up).
  //Also tested by importing array data from 5MB text file.
  //Quick execution
  cards.sort()
  for (i=1; i<cards.length-1; i++){
    while (cards[i-1][0] == cards[i][0]){
       cards.splice(i,1)
    }
  }

- James V. Fields

Answer 10

我们有一个对象数组，想要仅通过id属性删除其中一个对象。

var apps = [
       {id:34,name:'My App',another:'thing'},
       {id:37,name:'My New App',another:'things'
}];

获取id为37的对象的索引

var removeIndex = apps.map(function(item) { return item.id; }).indexOf(37);

// remove object

apps.splice(removeIndex, 1);

- Pruthvi Reddy