我希望编写一个简单的程序,尝试在443端口上与www.google.com创建https隧道。我首先尝试了以下代码:
import socket
def main():
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("www.google.com", 80))
request = "CONNECT www.google.com:443 HTTP/1.1\n\n"
s.send(request.encode())
print(s.recv(4096).decode())
main()
这导致了以下结果:
HTTP/1.1 405 Method Not Allowed
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Referrer-Policy: no-referrer
Content-Length: 1592
Date: Wed, 16 Aug 2017 07:56:14 GMT
Connection: close
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=en>
<meta charset=utf-8>
<meta name=viewport content="initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, width=device-width">
<title>Error 405 (Method Not Allowed)!!1</title>
<style>
*{margin:0;padding:0}html,code{font:15px/22px arial,sans-serif}html{background:#fff;color:#222;padding:15px}body{margin:7% auto 0;max-width:390px;min-height:180px;padding:30px 0 15px}* > body{background:url(//www.google.com/images/errors/robot.png) 100% 5px no-repeat;padding-right:205px}p{margin:11px 0 22px;overflow:hidden}ins{color:#777;text-decoration:none}a img{border:0}@media screen and (max-width:772px){body{background:none;margin-top:0;max-width:none;padding-right:0}}#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) no-repeat;margin-left:-5px}@media only screen and (min-resolution:192dpi){#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/2x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) no-repeat 0% 0%/100% 100%;-moz-border-image:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/2x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) 0}}@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:2){#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/2x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:100% 100%}}#logo{display:inline-block;height:54px;width:150px}
</style>
<a href=//www.google.com/><span id=logo aria-label=Google></span></a>
<p><b>405.</b> <ins>That’s an error.</ins>
<p>The request method <code>CONNECT</code> is inappropriate for the URL <code>/</code>. <ins>That’s all we know.</ins>
这意味着服务器不允许执行此请求。因此我认为问题在于端口号。所以我将其更改为443(这是https连接的端口)。代码如下:
def main():
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("www.google.com", 443))
request = "CONNECT www.google.com:443 HTTP/1.1\n\n"
s.send(request.encode())
print(s.recv(4096).decode())
main()
但它没有像应该的那样输出有效的响应,而是给了我一个空的响应。那么问题是:“为什么会这样?我如何使它正常工作?”注意:我不想使用内置的 urllib 或 urllib2 库。我想用 sockets 实现。
request = "GET www.google.com:443 HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n"
。 - RaminNietzsche