将base64字符串转换为图片

64

我正在尝试使用名为crop.js的jQuery插件裁剪/调整用户个人资料图像,该插件通过ajax将用户图像作为base64发送到我的控制器。

$.ajax({
         type: "post",
         dataType: "json",
         url: "${g.createLink(controller: 'personalDetail', action:'uploadUserImage')}",
         data: { avatar: canvas.toDataURL() }

        });

但是我无法解码这个Base64

'data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAPAAAADwCAYAAAA+VemSAAAgAEl...==' 

将字符串转换为图像,你们能指导我如何将我的base64字符串保存为服务器上的图像吗?


1
你可以直接在编码后的字符串 iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAPAAAADwCAYAAAA+VemSAAAgAEl 上使用 decodeBase64() 函数来获取字节数组,然后按答案所示创建文件。 - dmahapatro
9个回答

98
在服务器中,做类似以下这样的事情:
假设
String data = 'data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAPAAAADwCAYAAAA+VemSAAAgAEl...=='

那么:

String base64Image = data.split(",")[1];
byte[] imageBytes = javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(base64Image);

然后你可以像这样任意处理这些字节:

BufferedImage img = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes));

2
使用"javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary"方法从一个字符串中转换为字节数组比使用".getBytes()"方法更好。 - Kyo Huu

75

这里假设你已经知道输出文件的名称,并且你的数据是以字符串的形式存在的。我相信你可以根据自己的需求修改下面的代码:

// Needed Imports
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;


def sourceData = 'data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAPAAAADwCAYAAAA+VemSAAAgAEl...==';

// tokenize the data
def parts = sourceData.tokenize(",");
def imageString = parts[1];

// create a buffered image
BufferedImage image = null;
byte[] imageByte;

BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
imageByte = decoder.decodeBuffer(imageString);
ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(imageByte);
image = ImageIO.read(bis);
bis.close();

// write the image to a file
File outputfile = new File("image.png");
ImageIO.write(image, "png", outputfile);
请注意,这只是涉及的部分示例。我没有对此代码进行任何优化,而是凭空编写的。

5
Lucky Groovy不需要在行末加上分号。 - Joshua Moore
2
如果您计划使用 JDK > 8,则此代码将无法正常工作,因为 Base64Decoder 在 JDK 8 中不可访问。我更喜欢使用 javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter 而不是 Base64Decoder 或来自 sun.*** 包的任何类。 - Sudhir Dhumal
ImageIO.write() 默认会压缩图像,压缩后的图像尺寸更小,但有时看起来很奇怪。我使用 BufferedOutputStream 保存字节数组数据,这样可以保留原始图像大小。 - Ayano
@Ayano 我该怎么做? - Jerry U
@styl3r,我已经在这个问题下面写了完整的代码。我的回答 - Ayano
应避免使用ImageIO进行保存。 - clankill3r

31

ImageIO.write()默认会压缩图像,压缩后的图像尺寸更小但有时会看起来很奇怪。我使用BufferedOutputStream保存字节数组数据-这将保留原始图像大小。

这是代码:

import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter;
import java.io.*;

public class ImageTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String base64String = "data:image/jpeg;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAHkAAAB5C...";
        String[] strings = base64String.split(",");
        String extension;
        switch (strings[0]) {//check image's extension
            case "data:image/jpeg;base64":
                extension = "jpeg";
                break;
            case "data:image/png;base64":
                extension = "png";
                break;
            default://should write cases for more images types
                extension = "jpg";
                break;
        }
        //convert base64 string to binary data
        byte[] data = DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(strings[1]);
        String path = "C:\\Users\\Ene\\Desktop\\test_image." + extension;
        File file = new File(path);
        try (OutputStream outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file))) {
            outputStream.write(data);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

9

简单就是:

import java.util.Base64;

解码:

byte[] image = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64string);

编码:

String text = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(imageData);

对于此项任务,最低支持的操作系统为Android O。 - Zahid Usman Cheema

5

将服务器端编码的文件/图片转换为base64字符串,以便客户端使用。

public Optional<String> InputStreamToBase64(Optional<InputStream> inputStream) throws IOException{
    if (inputStream.isPresent()) {
        ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        FileCopyUtils.copy(inputStream.get(), output);
        //TODO retrieve content type from file, & replace png below with it
        return Optional.ofNullable("data:image/png;base64," + DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(output.toByteArray()));
    }

    return Optional.empty();
}

服务器端 base64 图片/文件解码器

public Optional<InputStream> Base64InputStream(Optional<String> base64String)throws IOException {
    if (base64String.isPresent()) {
        return Optional.ofNullable(new ByteArrayInputStream(DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(base64String.get())));
    }

    return Optional.empty();
}

4
  public Optional<String> InputStreamToBase64(Optional<InputStream> inputStream) throws IOException{
    if (inputStream.isPresent()) {
        ByteArrayOutputStream outpString base64Image = data.split(",")[1];
byte[] imageBytes = javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(base64Image);

然后你可以像这样随心所欲地处理这些字节:

BufferedImage img = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes));ut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        FileCopyUtils.copy(inputStream.get(), output);
        //TODO retrieve content type from file, & replace png below with it
        return Optional.ofNullable("data:image/png;base64," + DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(output.toByteArray()));
    }

    return Optional.empty();

2

您好,这是我的解决方案

Javascript 代码

var base64before = document.querySelector('img').src;
var base64 = base64before.replace(/^data:image\/(png|jpg);base64,/, "");
var httpPost = new XMLHttpRequest();
var path = "your url";
var data = JSON.stringify(base64);

httpPost.open("POST", path, false);
// Set the content type of the request to json since that's what's being sent
httpPost.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
httpPost.send(data);

这是我的Java代码。

public void saveImage(InputStream imageStream){
InputStream inStream = imageStream;

try {
    String dataString = convertStreamToString(inStream);

    byte[] imageBytes = javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(dataString);
    BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes));
    // write the image to a file
    File outputfile = new File("/Users/paul/Desktop/testkey/myImage.png");
    ImageIO.write(image, "png", outputfile);

    }catch(Exception e) {
        System.out.println(e.getStackTrace());
    }
}


static String convertStreamToString(java.io.InputStream is) {
    java.util.Scanner s = new java.util.Scanner(is).useDelimiter("\\A");
    return s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";
}

0

这是Ayano的优秀答案,但用Clojure实现:

(:import (java.awt.image BufferedImage)
         (javax.xml.bind DatatypeConverter)
         (java.io File BufferedOutputStream FileOutputStream))

(defn write-svg-encountered-image [svg-img-data base-filename]
  (let [[meta img-data] (str/split svg-img-data #",")
        extension (case meta
                    "data:image/jpeg;base64" ".jpeg"
                    "data:image/png;base64" ".png"
                    (throw (Error. (format "Unrecognised image metadata in SVG:" meta))))
        path (str base-filename extension)
        file (File. path)
        data-bytes (DatatypeConverter/parseBase64Binary img-data)
        os (BufferedOutputStream. (FileOutputStream. file))]
      (.write os data-bytes)))

-1

转换所有文件类型

 String[] strings = expense.getAttchBase64().split(",");
                String extension;
                switch (strings[0]) {//check image's extension
                    case "data:image/jpeg;base64":
                        extension = "jpeg";
                        break;
                    case "data:image/png;base64":
                        extension = "png";
                        break;
                    case "data:application/pdf;base64":
                        extension = "pdf";
                        break;
                    case "data:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;base64":
                        extension = "docx";
                        break;
                    default://should write cases for more images types
                        extension = "jpg";
                        break;
                }
                //convert base64 string to binary data
                byte[] data = DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(strings[1]);
                String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                String path = "C:\\floridatrading\\" + fileName + "." + extension;
                File file = new File(path);
                try (OutputStream outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file))) {
                    outputStream.write(data);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

如果你需要添加任何新类型,只需在switch中添加即可。


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