概述
我已经将一个Web应用程序移植到了.NET Core,并发现它在Windows上运行时能够通过USB与微控制器通信,但在Linux上运行时却不能。我正试图找出:
为什么会这样(是我使用的库中存在错误还是我的Linux环境配置有误?)
如何解决或解决它(替代库、环境变更等)。
如果有人成功地创建了一个基于.NET Core的应用程序,可以以平台无关的方式进行USB通信,我将非常感激您的帮助。
环境
为了方便,本文剩余部分中提供了关于我的当前环境的一些详细信息:
- Windows 7 64位主机
- Dotnet版本1.0.0-preview2-003131
- Docker版本1.12.0,构建8eab29e
- Docker Toolbox(我相信v1.12.3)
- VirtualBox v5.0.30 r112061
详情
我以前有一个基于.NET Framework的Web服务,我正在使用它来控制微控制器。由于基于.NET Framework,它只能在Windows上运行。为了实现跨平台支持,我开始将应用程序移植到.NET Core。这项任务现在基本完成——例如,我现在可以将我的应用程序构建和运行为Docker服务,这将非常有益。
我的应用程序分为多个项目,但是出于本帖的目的,我只会解决两个问题:
基于ASP.NET Core的Web服务项目,它适配应用程序的核心功能,以便通过Web通信进行控制。1它把其他所有内容绑定在一起,是我实际上使用
dotnet <<application.dll>>
执行的。USB通信服务项目,它处理与我的USB设备的通信。2它目前使用CoreCompat.LibUsbDotNet库(v2.2.8-r101),该库作为一个跨平台的C#适配器,可在Windows和Unix上分别使用
WinUSB
和libusb
库。这个项目是作为Nuget软件包分发的,被Web服务所使用,问题就出在这里。
libusb-1.0库
。根据这个错误信息,我尝试检查了我尝试运行应用程序的Linux VM和Docker容器的环境。在将USB设备挂载到Docker虚拟机上并以特权模式运行基于我的Web应用程序镜像的容器之后,我可以确认它能够看到我的USB设备。root@19e8929e1814:/app# lsusb
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 2b87:0001
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
我也确认已安装libusb-1.0
5,并检查它是否在ldconfig
缓存中可用:
root@19e8929e1814:/app# ldconfig -p | grep libusb
libusb-1.0.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-1.0.so.0
libusb-1.0.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-1.0.so
libusb-0.1.so.4 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-0.1.so.4
libusb-0.1.so.4 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-0.1.so.4
因此,我不确定为什么CoreCompat.LibUsbDotNet
会抛出一个找不到libusb-1.0
的异常,我只能假设这是库中的一个错误。
有没有人成功地在Unix环境下使用过这个库进行通信?或者,有没有找到另一种以平台无关的方式与USB设备通信的方法,适用于基于.NET Core的应用程序?
参考文献
[1] project.json
用于Web服务项目
{
"dependencies": {
"<<Company>>.Communications.<<Product>>Usb": "0.4.9",
"<<Company>>.<<Product>>Web.Core": {
"target": "project"
},
"<<Company>>.<<Product>>WebComponentPackage": "0.4.9-beta0002",
"Autofac": "4.2.1",
"Common.Logging": "3.4.0-Beta2",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics": "1.1.0-preview1-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration": "1.1.0-preview1-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel": "1.1.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles": "1.1.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.WebSockets.Server": "0.1.0",
"Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyModel": "1.1.0-preview1-001100",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console": "1.1.0",
"Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
"version": "1.1.0",
"type": "platform"
},
"Serilog.Enrichers.Thread": "3.0.0",
"Serilog.Sinks.Literate": "2.1.0-dev-00034",
"Serilog.Sinks.RollingFile": "3.3.0",
"System.Runtime.Loader": "4.3.0",
"Thrower": "3.0.4"
},
"tools": {
},
"frameworks": {
"netcoreapp1.1": {
"imports": [
"dotnet5.6",
"portable-net45+win8"
]
}
},
"buildOptions": {
"emitEntryPoint": true,
"preserveCompilationContext": true
},
"runtimeOptions": {
"configProperties": {
"System.GC.Server": true
}
},
"publishOptions": {
"include": [
"wwwroot",
"web.config"
]
},
"scripts": {
"postpublish": [ "dotnet publish-iis --publish-folder %publish:OutputPath% --framework %publish:FullTargetFramework%" ]
}
}
[2] project.json
用于USB通信项目
{
"version": "0.4.9-*",
"description": "Provides a type of communication service that facilitates communication between .NET applications and <<Product>> over USB.",
"authors": ["<<Author>>"],
"dependencies": {
"Microsoft.Composition": "1.0.30",
"Microsoft.NETCore.Portable.Compatibility": "1.0.1",
"Thrower": "3.0.4",
"CoreCompat.LibUsbDotNet": "2.2.8-r101",
"Common.Logging": "3.4.0-Beta2",
"<<Company>>.Message": "0.4.3",
"NETStandard.Library": "1.6.1",
"<<Company>>.Communications.Core": "0.4.5",
"Serilog": "2.3.0"
},
"packOptions": {
"owners": ["<<Company>>"],
"repository": {
"type": "git",
"url": "https://bitbucket.org/<<Company>>-dev/<<Product>>usb"
}
},
"frameworks": {
"netstandard1.4": {
"imports": [ "dnxcore50", "portable-net45+win8" ]
}
},
"buildOptions": {
"xmlDoc": true
}
}
[3] USB通讯失败异常
Unhandled Exception: System.DllNotFoundException: libusb-1.0 library not found. This is often an indication that libusb-1.0 was installed to '/usr/local/lib' and
mono.net is not looking for it there. To resolve this, add the path '/usr/local/lib' to '/etc/ld.so.conf' and run 'ldconfig' as root. (http://www.mono-project.co
m/DllNotFoundException) ---> System.DllNotFoundException: Unable to load DLL 'libusb-1.0.dll': The specified module could not be found.
(Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007007E)
at MonoLibUsb.MonoUsbApi.Init(IntPtr& pContext)
at MonoLibUsb.MonoUsbSessionHandle..ctor()
--- End of inner exception stack trace ---
at MonoLibUsb.MonoUsbSessionHandle..ctor()
at MonoLibUsb.MonoUsbEventHandler.Init(UnixNativeTimeval unixNativeTimeval)
at MonoLibUsb.MonoUsbEventHandler.Init()
at MonoLibUsb.MonoUsbApi.InitAndStart()
at LibUsbDotNet.LudnMonoLibUsb.MonoUsbDevice.get_MonoUsbDeviceList()
at LibUsbDotNet.Main.LegacyUsbRegistry.get_DeviceList()
at LibUsbDotNet.UsbDevice.get_AllLibUsbDevices()
at LibUsbDotNet.UsbDevice.get_AllDevices()
at LibUsbDotNet.UsbDevice.OpenUsbDevice(Predicate`1 findDevicePredicate)
at LibUsbDotNet.UsbDevice.OpenUsbDevice(UsbDeviceFinder usbDeviceFinder)
at <<Company>>.Communications.<<Product>>Usb.UsbCommunicationService.Start()
at <<Company>>.<<Product>>Web.Core.DeviceController.Initialize()
at <<Company>>.<<Product>>Web.ServiceAdapters.WebSockets.Startup.ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.ConventionBasedStartup.ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost.EnsureApplicationServices()
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost.BuildApplication()
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.WebHostBuilder.Build()
at <<Company>>.<<Product>>Web.ServiceAdapters.WebSockets.Program.Main(String[] args)
[4] Web服务 Dockerfile
FROM microsoft/aspnetcore:1.1.0
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.1/publish/<<Company>>.<<Product>>Web.ServiceAdapters.WebSockets.dll"]
ARG source=.
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
COPY $source .
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y libusb-1.0-0-dev usbutils
[5] Docker容器中运行find / -name libusb*
命令的输出结果
root@19e8929e1814:/app# find / -name libusb*
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-1.0.so.0
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-1.0.so.0.1.0
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-0.1.so.4.4.4
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-0.1.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-1.0.a
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/libusb-1.0.pc
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-1.0.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libusb-0.1.so.4
/usr/include/libusb-1.0
/usr/include/libusb-1.0/libusb.h
/usr/share/doc/libusb-1.0-0
/usr/share/doc/libusb-1.0-doc
/usr/share/doc/libusb-1.0-doc/html/libusb_8h_source.html
/usr/share/doc/libusb-1.0-0-dev
/usr/share/doc/libusb-0.1-4
/usr/share/doc-base/libusb-1.0-doc
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0-dev:amd64.md5sums
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-doc.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0:amd64.md5sums
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0:amd64.symbols
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0:amd64.shlibs
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0:amd64.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0:amd64.postrm
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0:amd64.postinst
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-doc.md5sums
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-1.0-0-dev:amd64.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-0.1-4:amd64.postrm
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-0.1-4:amd64.shlibs
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-0.1-4:amd64.symbols
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-0.1-4:amd64.postinst
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-0.1-4:amd64.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libusb-0.1-4:amd64.md5sums
netcoreapp1.0
,但在依赖项中却有Microsoft.NETCore.App 1.1.0
...请尝试将它们对齐到相同的版本。 - DmitryCoreCompat.LibUsbDotNet
库?我不知道有没有示例。实际上,我所能找到的关于该库的所有信息都在 Nuget 页面上。虽然成熟的基于 .NET Framework 的LibUsbDotNet
版本有示例,但这对我在这种情况下并没有帮助。(2) 谢谢指出,我已经纠正了它。 - Tagc