我有一个应用程序,我想把它打成一个jar包以便更容易部署。当我将这个应用程序编译成一组从CLASSPATH可达的类并在Windows cmd窗口中运行时,它可以正常编译和运行。但是,当我将我的类打成jar包,并尝试在同一个cmd窗口中使用java 1.6运行它时,就会出现异常:
C:\dev\myapp\src\common\datagen>C:/apps/jdk1.6.0_07/bin/java.exe -classpath C:\myapp\libs\commons -logging-1.1.jar -server -jar DataGen.jar
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory
at com.example.myapp.fomc.common.datagen.DataGenerationTest.<clinit>(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:276)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:251)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:319)
... 1 more
有趣的是,有问题的LogFactory似乎在指定的类路径commons-logging-1.1.jar中。该jar文件(没错,它确实在那里):
C:\dev\myapp\src\common\datagen>dir C:\myapp\libs\commons-logging-1.1.jar
Volume in drive C is Local Disk
Volume Serial Number is ECCD-A6A7
Directory of C:\myapp\libs
12/11/2007 11:46 AM 52,915 commons-logging-1.1.jar
1 File(s) 52,915 bytes
0 Dir(s) 10,956,947,456 bytes free
commons-logging-1.1.jar文件的内容:
C:\dev\myapp\src\common\datagen>jar -tf C:\myapp\libs\commons-logging-1.1.jar
META-INF/
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
org/
org/apache/
org/apache/commons/
org/apache/commons/logging/
org/apache/commons/logging/impl/
META-INF/LICENSE.txt
META-INF/NOTICE.txt
org/apache/commons/logging/Log.class
org/apache/commons/logging/LogConfigurationException.class
org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory$1.class
org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory$2.class
org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory$3.class
org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory$4.class
org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory$5.class
org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory.class
... (more classes in commons-logging-1.1 ...)
没错,commons-logging有LogFactory类。最后,这是我的jar清单(manifest)的内容:
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Ant-Version: Apache Ant 1.6.5
Created-By: 10.0-b23 (Sun Microsystems Inc.)
Main-Class: com.example.myapp.fomc.common.datagen.DataGenerationTest
Class-Path: commons-logging-1.1.jar commons-lang.jar antlr.jar toplink
.jar GroboTestingJUnit-1.2.1-core.jar junit.jar
这个问题已经困扰我和我的同事超过一天了,也向他们请教但没有得到解决。目前来看,由于许可限制和公司政策(例如:创建exe文件或打包jar文件的工具),第三方解决方案可能不适用。最终目标是创建一个可以从我的开发Windows计算机复制到Linux服务器上的jar文件(以及任何依赖的jar文件),并用它来填充数据库(因此在开发和部署环境之间可能存在不同的类路径)。如果您有任何线索,将不胜感激!