我想编写一个C#类，用于创建到运行在www.temp.com上的Web服务的连接，向DoSomething方法发送2个字符串参数并获取字符串结果。我不想使用WSDL。由于我知道Web服务的参数，所以我只想进行简单的调用。
我猜在.Net 2中应该有一种简单易行的方法来实现这一点，但我找不到任何例子...
如何使用C#通过HTTP POST调用webservice
21
- Stavros
2
1这是您的网络服务吗？您能使用JSON或纯XML而不是SOAP来创建RESTful服务吗？ - tvanfosson
@tvanfosson 是的，这是我的 Web 服务。我如何使用 JSON 创建 RESTful Web 服务？ - Stavros
5个回答
26
如果这个 "webservice" 是一个简单的 HTTP GET 请求，你可以使用 WebRequest：
WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create("http://www.temp.com/?param1=x¶m2=y");
request.Method="GET";
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
从那里您可以查看response.GetResponseStream以获取输出。您可以以同样的方式访问POST服务。
但是，如果这是一个SOAP webservice，情况就不那么简单了。根据webservice的安全性和选项，有时您可以将已经形成的请求用作模板-替换参数值并发送它（使用webrequest），然后手动解析SOAP响应... 但在这种情况下，您需要进行大量额外的工作，最好使用wsdl.exe生成代理。
- Philip Rieck
4
1这看起来就是我需要的。我该如何将方法名（DoSomething）添加到此调用中？ - Stavros
好，经过一些尝试，我成功找到了所需的额外材料来使用Post。谢谢！ - Stavros
如果我想向我调用的 Web 服务提交一些附加数据，我该怎么做？ - Madhav
Stavros - 也许你可以在这里发布“额外所需的东西”？这将有助于并增加答案的价值。 - Baruch Atta
12
我建议你考虑使用ASP.NET MVC来创建你的Web服务。你可以通过标准表单参数提供参数，并将结果作为JSON返回。
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult MyPostAction( string foo, string bar )
{
...
return Json( new { Value = "baz" } );
}
var request = WebRequest.Create( "/controller/mypostaction" );
request.Method = "POST";
var data = string.Format( "foo={0}&bar={1}", foo, bar );
using (var writer = new StreamWriter( request.GetRequestStream() ))
{
writer.WriteLine( data );
}
var response = request.GetResponse();
var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(PostActionResult));
var result = serializer.ReadObject( response.GetResponseStream() )
as PostActionResult;
你所拥有的位置
public class PostActionResult
{
public string Value { get; set; }
}
- tvanfosson
2
谢谢提供的信息，但我已经在没有Json的情况下实现了它。下次我会尝试一下。 - Stavros
DataContractJsonSerializer在Visual Studio中未被识别，可能需要使用using语句？ - Windgate
4
另一种调用POST方法的方式是，我曾在WebAPI中使用过。
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
string result;
wc.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
result = wc.UploadString("http://localhost:23369/MyController/PostMethodName/Param 1/Param 2","");
Response.Write(result);
- Prateek Gupta
1
您可以使用Newtonsoft.Json返回List对象：
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
string result;
wc.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
var data = string.Format("Value1={0}&Value2={1}&Value3={2}", "param1", "param2", "param3");
result = wc.UploadString("http:your_services", data);
var ser = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var people = ser.Deserialize<object_your[]>(result);
- Tran Anh Hien
1
这是一个静态方法，可以在没有凭据的情况下调用任何服务。
这是一个使用凭证调用任何服务的静态方法。
/// <summary>
/// Connect to service without credentials
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">string url</param>
/// <param name="requestType">type of request</param>
/// <param name="objectResult">expected success object result</param>
/// <param name="objectErrorResult">expected error object result</param>
/// <param name="objectErrorResultDescription">expected error object description</param>
/// <param name="body">request body</param>
/// <param name="bodyType">type of body</param>
/// <param name="parameters">parameters of request</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static object ConnectToService(string url, string model, RequestType requestType, string objectResult, string objectErrorResult,
string objectErrorResultDescription, string body = null, string bodyType = null,
string parameters = null)
{
try
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
string tokenEndpoint = url;
StringContent stringContent;
string result = string.Empty;
switch (requestType)
{
case RequestType.Get:
{
var returnRequest = client.GetAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
case RequestType.Post:
{
stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);
var returnRequest = client.PostAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
case RequestType.Put:
{
stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);
var returnRequest = client.PutAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
case RequestType.Delete:
{
var returnRequest = client.DeleteAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
default:
break;
}
JObject jobject = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(result) ? JObject.Parse(result) : null;
var obj = jobject != null ? (jobject[objectResult]?.ToList()?.Count > 0 ? jobject[objectResult]?.ToList() : null) : null;
return (obj == null && jobject?.ToString() == null && jobject[objectResult]?.ToString() == null) ? throw new Exception(($"{jobject[objectErrorResult]?.ToString()} - {jobject[objectErrorResultDescription]?.ToString()}") ?? (new { Error = new { Code = 400, Message = $"{model} - Requisição inválida." } }).ToString()) : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString()) == null ? jobject : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString());
}
catch (NullReferenceException)
{
return null;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
throw new Exception($"{model} - Requisição inválida. Detalhes: {e.Message ?? e.InnerException.Message}");
}
}
这是一个使用凭证调用任何服务的静态方法。
/// <summary>
/// Connect to service with credentials
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">string url</param>
/// <param name="requestType">type of request</param>
/// <param name="handler">credentials</param>
/// <param name="objectResult">expected success object result</param>
/// <param name="objectErrorResult">expected error object result</param>
/// <param name="objectErrorResultDescription">expected error object description</param>
/// <param name="body">request body</param>
/// <param name="bodyType">type of body</param>
/// <param name="parameters">parameters of request</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static object ConnectToService(string url, string model, RequestType requestType, HttpClientHandler handler, string objectResult, string objectErrorResult,
string objectErrorResultDescription, string body = null, string bodyType = null,
string parameters = null)
{
try
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler);
string tokenEndpoint = url;
StringContent stringContent;
string result = string.Empty;
switch (requestType)
{
case RequestType.Get:
{
var returnRequest = client.GetAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
case RequestType.Post:
{
stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);
var returnRequest = client.PostAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
case RequestType.Put:
{
stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);
var returnRequest = client.PutAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
case RequestType.Delete:
{
var returnRequest = client.DeleteAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
break;
}
default:
break;
}
JObject jobject = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(result) ? JObject.Parse(result) : null;
var obj = jobject != null ? (jobject[objectResult]?.ToList()?.Count > 0 ? jobject[objectResult]?.ToList() : null) : null;
return (obj == null && jobject?.ToString() == null && jobject[objectResult]?.ToString() == null) ? throw new Exception(($"{jobject[objectErrorResult]?.ToString()} - {jobject[objectErrorResultDescription]?.ToString()}") ?? (new { Error = new { Code = 400, Message = $"{model} - Requisição inválida." } }).ToString()) : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString()) == null ? jobject : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString());
}
catch (NullReferenceException)
{
return null;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
throw new Exception($"{model} - Invalid request. {e.Message.Split(',')[0] ?? e.InnerException.Message.Split(',')[0]}");
}
}
- Tasso Mello
1
1调用Web服务SOAP？ - Kiquenet
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