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如何在没有root权限的情况下安装rvm？

rubyinstallationrvm
15

我想在一个没有Ruby gems并且我没有root权限的机器上安装travis gem（我想加密一些内容以便在travis中使用）。我决定尝试安装rvm，因为https://rvm.io/rvm/install建议它是一种无需root权限轻松安装Ruby的方法。但是，我立即遇到了问题：

jgross@cagnode17:~$ \curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 13961  100 13961    0     0  15390      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  170k
Please read and follow further instructions.
Press ENTER to continue.
Downloading RVM from wayneeseguin branch stable
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 1083k  100 1083k    0     0   200k      0  0:00:05  0:00:05 --:--:--  199k

Installing RVM to /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/
    RVM PATH line found in /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.bashrc /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.zshrc.
    RVM sourcing line found in /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.bash_profile /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.zprofile.
Installation of RVM in /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/ is almost complete:

  * To start using RVM you need to run `source /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/scripts/rvm`
    in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.

# Jason Gross,
#
#   Thank you for using RVM!
#   I sincerely hope that RVM helps to make your life easier and more enjoyable!!!
#
# ~Wayne

# In case of problems:
#      run and read: rvm notes
#         read docs: http://rvm.io/
#        talk to us: http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=rvm (http://freenode.net/faq.shtml#plusr)
#   read cheatsheet: http://cheat.errtheblog.com/s/rvm
#  watch screencast: http://screencasts.org/episodes/how-to-use-rvm
# open a bug report: https://github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/issues

rvm 1.22.2 (stable) by Wayne E. Seguin <wayneeseguin@gmail.com>, Michal Papis <mpapis@gmail.com> [https://rvm.io/]

Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
Checking requirements for debian.
Installing requirements for debian.
jgross password required for 'apt-get --quiet --yes update': 
Sorry, try again.
jgross password required for 'apt-get --quiet --yes update': 
Sorry, try again.
jgross password required for 'apt-get --quiet --yes update': 
Sorry, try again.
sudo: 3 incorrect password attempts
Requirements installation failed with status: 1.

于是我再次尝试：

jgross@cagnode17:~$ \curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 13961  100 13961    0     0  27936      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 27936
Please read and follow further instructions.
Press ENTER to continue.
Downloading RVM from wayneeseguin branch stable
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 1083k  100 1083k    0     0   158k      0  0:00:06  0:00:06 --:--:--  186k

Upgrading the RVM installation in /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/
    RVM PATH line found in /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.bashrc /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.zshrc.
    RVM sourcing line found in /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.bash_profile /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.zprofile.
Upgrade of RVM in /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/ is complete.

# Jason Gross,
#
#   Thank you for using RVM!
#   I sincerely hope that RVM helps to make your life easier and more enjoyable!!!
#
# ~Wayne

# In case of problems:
#      run and read: rvm notes
#         read docs: http://rvm.io/
#        talk to us: http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=rvm (http://freenode.net/faq.shtml#plusr)
#   read cheatsheet: http://cheat.errtheblog.com/s/rvm
#  watch screencast: http://screencasts.org/episodes/how-to-use-rvm
# open a bug report: https://github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/issues

Upgrade Notes:

  * No new notes to display.


rvm 1.22.2 (stable) by Wayne E. Seguin <wayneeseguin@gmail.com>, Michal Papis <mpapis@gmail.com> [https://rvm.io/]

Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
Checking requirements for debian.
Installing requirements for debian.
jgross password required for 'apt-get --quiet --yes update': 
Sorry, try again.
jgross password required for 'apt-get --quiet --yes update': 
sudo: 1 incorrect password attempt
Requirements installation failed with status: 1.
ruby-2.0.0-p247 is not installed.
Creating alias default for ruby-2.0.0-p247.
Recording alias default for ruby-2.0.0-p247.
Creating default links/files
ruby-2.0.0-p247 is not installed.
Could not load ruby ruby-2.0.0-p247.
/afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/scripts/alias: line 108: /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby: No such file or directory

  * To start using RVM you need to run `source /afs/csail.mit.edu/u/j/jgross/.rvm/scripts/rvm`
    in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.

尝试使用rvm install 1.8命令时，我收到了有关Debian要求的相同错误消息。除了放弃rvm并从源代码构建Ruby之外，我还有其他选择吗？

1个回答
22

TL;DR

你缺少构建Ruby所需的软件包依赖。

软件包和Autolibs

你面临的问题是，最近版本的RVM使用名为autolibs的功能尝试安装软件包依赖项。当然，你需要sudo访问权限来安装系统软件包。你可以尝试使用以下命令安装Ruby解释器:

  • --autolibs=read-only - 避免sudo错误，但这不太可能导致可用二进制文件。
  • --autolibs=rvm_pkg - 将使用旧的rvm pkg install ...来安装缺少的依赖项，如果它们可以由RVM提供，则会花费很长时间，不保证工作。
  • --autolibs=read-fail - 避免sudo错误，它将生成要安装的依赖项列表。

请求root安装软件包依赖项

一般来说，最简单的解决方案是请求root安装RVM预期的软件包。这应该是在做任何其他事情之前的首选。也许有合理的理由使用静态二进制文件或手动构建所有依赖项，但如果可以，为什么不采用简单的方式呢？

尝试预构建的静态二进制文件

如果你无法安装必要的软件包，则可以尝试使用rvm list remote命令查看是否有适用于你系统的预构建二进制文件可供RVM安装。如果缺少软件包，则可以寻找可以与rvm mount命令一起使用的静态二进制文件。甚至可以在另一个系统上构建解释器，并使用相应的远程URL进行挂载；有关详细信息，请参见rvm help mount。

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