我有一份推文ID列表,想要下载它们的文本内容。是否有任何简单的解决方案可以通过Python脚本完成,最好是通过Python脚本完成?我已经查看了其他库,如Tweepy,但似乎并不那么简单,而手动下载则不现实,因为我的列表非常长。
statuses/show/:id
API 路径 来访问指定的推文。大多数 Python Twitter 库都遵循相同的模式,或提供方法的“友好”名称。show_*
方法,包括 Twython.show_status()
,可以让你加载特定的推文:CONSUMER_KEY = "<consumer key>"
CONSUMER_SECRET = "<consumer secret>"
OAUTH_TOKEN = "<application key>"
OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET = "<application secret"
twitter = Twython(
CONSUMER_KEY, CONSUMER_SECRET,
OAUTH_TOKEN, OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET)
tweet = twitter.show_status(id=id_of_tweet)
print(tweet['text'])
返回的字典遵循API给出的推文对象定义。
auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(CONSUMER_KEY, CONSUMER_SECRET)
auth.set_access_token(OAUTH_TOKEN, OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET)
api = tweepy.API(auth)
tweet = api.get_status(id_of_tweet)
print(tweet.text)
在这里,它返回了一个稍微丰富一些的对象,但其属性再次反映了已发布的API。
在此分享我的工作,之前的答案大大加速了我的工作进程(感谢)。这个Python 2.7脚本从文件中获取推特ID的文本。请根据您的输入数据格式调整get_tweet_id();原始配置适用于https://github.com/mdredze/twitter_sandy上的数据。
2018年4月更新:回应@someone的错误报告(感谢)。这个脚本不再丢弃每100个推特ID(那是我的错误)。请注意,如果推特由于任何原因不可用,则批量获取将默默地跳过它。现在,如果响应大小与请求大小不同,脚本会发出警告。
'''
Gets text content for tweet IDs
'''
# standard
from __future__ import print_function
import getopt
import logging
import os
import sys
# import traceback
# third-party: `pip install tweepy`
import tweepy
# global logger level is configured in main()
Logger = None
# Generate your own at https://apps.twitter.com/app
CONSUMER_KEY = 'Consumer Key (API key)'
CONSUMER_SECRET = 'Consumer Secret (API Secret)'
OAUTH_TOKEN = 'Access Token'
OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET = 'Access Token Secret'
# batch size depends on Twitter limit, 100 at this time
batch_size=100
def get_tweet_id(line):
'''
Extracts and returns tweet ID from a line in the input.
'''
(tagid,_timestamp,_sandyflag) = line.split('\t')
(_tag, _search, tweet_id) = tagid.split(':')
return tweet_id
def get_tweets_single(twapi, idfilepath):
'''
Fetches content for tweet IDs in a file one at a time,
which means a ton of HTTPS requests, so NOT recommended.
`twapi`: Initialized, authorized API object from Tweepy
`idfilepath`: Path to file containing IDs
'''
# process IDs from the file
with open(idfilepath, 'rb') as idfile:
for line in idfile:
tweet_id = get_tweet_id(line)
Logger.debug('get_tweets_single: fetching tweet for ID %s', tweet_id)
try:
tweet = twapi.get_status(tweet_id)
print('%s,%s' % (tweet_id, tweet.text.encode('UTF-8')))
except tweepy.TweepError as te:
Logger.warn('get_tweets_single: failed to get tweet ID %s: %s', tweet_id, te.message)
# traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
# for
# with
def get_tweet_list(twapi, idlist):
'''
Invokes bulk lookup method.
Raises an exception if rate limit is exceeded.
'''
# fetch as little metadata as possible
tweets = twapi.statuses_lookup(id_=idlist, include_entities=False, trim_user=True)
if len(idlist) != len(tweets):
Logger.warn('get_tweet_list: unexpected response size %d, expected %d', len(tweets), len(idlist))
for tweet in tweets:
print('%s,%s' % (tweet.id, tweet.text.encode('UTF-8')))
def get_tweets_bulk(twapi, idfilepath):
'''
Fetches content for tweet IDs in a file using bulk request method,
which vastly reduces number of HTTPS requests compared to above;
however, it does not warn about IDs that yield no tweet.
`twapi`: Initialized, authorized API object from Tweepy
`idfilepath`: Path to file containing IDs
'''
# process IDs from the file
tweet_ids = list()
with open(idfilepath, 'rb') as idfile:
for line in idfile:
tweet_id = get_tweet_id(line)
Logger.debug('Enqueing tweet ID %s', tweet_id)
tweet_ids.append(tweet_id)
# API limits batch size
if len(tweet_ids) == batch_size:
Logger.debug('get_tweets_bulk: fetching batch of size %d', batch_size)
get_tweet_list(twapi, tweet_ids)
tweet_ids = list()
# process remainder
if len(tweet_ids) > 0:
Logger.debug('get_tweets_bulk: fetching last batch of size %d', len(tweet_ids))
get_tweet_list(twapi, tweet_ids)
def usage():
print('Usage: get_tweets_by_id.py [options] file')
print(' -s (single) makes one HTTPS request per tweet ID')
print(' -v (verbose) enables detailed logging')
sys.exit()
def main(args):
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARN)
global Logger
Logger = logging.getLogger('get_tweets_by_id')
bulk = True
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt(args, 'sv')
except getopt.GetoptError:
usage()
for opt, _optarg in opts:
if opt in ('-s'):
bulk = False
elif opt in ('-v'):
Logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
Logger.debug("main: verbose mode on")
else:
usage()
if len(args) != 1:
usage()
idfile = args[0]
if not os.path.isfile(idfile):
print('Not found or not a file: %s' % idfile, file=sys.stderr)
usage()
# connect to twitter
auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(CONSUMER_KEY, CONSUMER_SECRET)
auth.set_access_token(OAUTH_TOKEN, OAUTH_TOKEN_SECRET)
api = tweepy.API(auth)
# hydrate tweet IDs
if bulk:
get_tweets_bulk(api, idfile)
else:
get_tweets_single(api, idfile)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv[1:])
您可以使用status/lookup端点批量访问推文(每次最多100条): https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/lookup
很遗憾,我没有足够的声望来添加实际评论,所以这是唯一的方法:
我在chrisinmtown的回答中发现了一个bug和奇怪的事情:
由于该bug,每100个推文将被跳过。 这里有一个简单的解决方案:
if len(tweet_ids) < 100:
tweet_ids.append(tweet_id)
else:
tweet_ids.append(tweet_id)
get_tweet_list(twapi, tweet_ids)
tweet_ids = list()
使用“Using”更好,因为它可以在速率限制之后继续工作。
api = tweepy.API(auth_handler=auth, wait_on_rate_limit=True, wait_on_rate_limit_notify=True)