405方法不允许 - ASP.NET Web API

Question

我已经在Google和StackOverflow上检查了所有关于ASP.NET Web API中405方法不允许的答案，但是没有一个解决方案能够解决问题。

1. 检查CORS
2. 检查WebDAV
3. 检查HTTPDelete属性

我正在创建一个ASP.NET Web API，并有两个虚拟控制器。

我能够在一个控制器中使用HTTP Delete方法，但在另一个控制器中却不能。

Value Controller

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Http;

namespace JobSite_WebAPI.Controllers
{
  public class ValuesController : ApiController
  {
    List<string> strings = new List<string>()
    {
        "value1", "value2","value3"
    };
    // GET api/values
    public IEnumerable<string> Get()
    {
        return  strings;
    }

    // GET api/values/5
    public string Get(int id)
    {
        return strings[id];
    }

    // DELETE api/values/5
    public void Delete(int id)
    {
        strings.RemoveAt(id);
    }
  }
}

工作详情控制器

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Net;
 using System.Net.Http;
 using System.Web.Http;
 using DataAccess;

 namespace JobSite_WebAPI.Controllers
 {
  public class JobDetailController : ApiController
  {
    public JobDetailController()
    {
        JobSiteEntities entities = new JobSiteEntities();
        entities.Configuration.ProxyCreationEnabled = false;
    }
    public IEnumerable<JobDetail>Get()
    {
        using (JobSiteEntities entities = new JobSiteEntities())
        {
            return entities.JobDetails.ToList();
        }
    }

[HttpGet]
    public HttpResponseMessage Get(int id)
    {
        using (JobSiteEntities entities = new JobSiteEntities())
        {
            var entity = entities.JobDetails.FirstOrDefault(e => e.JOBID == id);
            if (entity != null)
            {
                return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, entity);
            }
            else
            {
                return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, "Job With Id = " + id.ToString() + " not found");
            }
        }
    }


 [HttpGet]
    public HttpResponseMessage RetrieveJobByLocation(string locationName)
    {
        try
        {
            using (JobSiteEntities entities = new JobSiteEntities())
            {
                IEnumerable<JobDetail> jobDetails = entities.JobDetails.Where(e => e.Location.LocationName.ToLower() == locationName).ToList();

                if (jobDetails != null)
                    return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, jobDetails);
                else
                    return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);

            }
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ex);
        }
    }

    [HttpDelete]
    public HttpResponseMessage Delete(int jobId)
    {
        try
        {
            using (JobSiteEntities entities = new JobSiteEntities())
            {
                var entity = entities.JobDetails.FirstOrDefault(e => e.JOBID == jobId);

                if (entity == null)
                {
                    return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, "Job Id with id " + jobId + "is not found");
                }
                else
                {
                    entities.JobDetails.Remove(entity);
                    entities.SaveChanges();
                    return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ex);
        }
    }
}

}

WebAPIConfig.cs

 var cors = new EnableCorsAttribute("*", "*", "*");
 config.EnableCors(cors);


 // Web API routes
 config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();

 config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
            name: "DefaultApi",
            routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
            defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }

        );
        config.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SupportedMediaTypes.Add(new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/octet-stream"));

Web.Config

 <remove name="WebDAV" />
  <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
  <remove name="OPTIONSVerbHandler" />
  <remove name="TRACEVerbHandler" />
  <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="*" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />

我已启用了CORS，禁用了WebDAV，还向我的删除方法添加了HTTPDelete属性。

我遇到的问题是Value Controller Delete方法在Fiddler中正常工作，但对于JobDetails Controller，我会收到一个405方法不允许的错误。

我能够使用GET和POST方法。在PUT方面，我也遇到了同样的问题。

从Fiddler中添加了错误消息截图。 Fiddler URL Fiddler错误消息

- BSB

---

传统路由模板中有 {id} 占位符，而 JobDetailController.Delete(int jobId) 由于 jobId 的原因与路由模板不匹配。请将这些参数更改为 int id，以便它与路由模板匹配。 - Nkosi

Answer 1

这适用于 ValuesController，因为基于约定的路由模板...

"api/{controller}/{id}" 

{id}是一个占位符，控制器需要遵循它，而JobDetailController.Delete(int jobId)由于参数名为jobId与路由模板不匹配。将这些参数改为int id以使其与约定设置的路由模板匹配。

[HttpDelete]
public HttpResponseMessage Delete(int id) {
    //...
}

否则您可以使用属性路由，因为它也与 config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes() 启用。

参考： ASP.NET Web API 2 中的属性路由。

[RoutePrefix("api/JobDetail")] 
public class JobDetailController : ApiController {

    [HttpGet]
    [Route("")] //Matches GET api/jobdetail
    public IEnumerable<JobDetail> Get() {
        //...
    }

    [HttpGet]
    [Route("{id:int}")] //Matches GET api/jobdetail/1
    public HttpResponseMessage Get(int id) {
       //...
    }

    [HttpGet]
    [Route("{locationName}")] //Matches GET api/jobdetail/somewhere
    public HttpResponseMessage RetrieveJobByLocation(string locationName) {
        //...
    }

    [HttpDelete]
    [Route("{jobId:int}")] //Matches DELETE api/jobdetail/1
    public HttpResponseMessage Delete(int jobId) {
        //...
    }
}

请注意，在路由到控制器时，只能按照惯例或属性进行路由，不能混用。如果通过属性路由到一个操作，则控制器上的所有其他操作也需要属性路由。

- Nkosi