尝试使用AS3登录RDP

Question

我正在尝试使用AS3（air）登录RDP。考虑到理解实际过程的资源缺乏，我做得还不错。

我已经通过了最初的用户名发送，收到了服务器的响应，现在处于初始请求连接阶段。

我发送了所有数据，并在嗅探流量时看到netmon正确识别我发送的数据包类型（t125）。我没有被RDP断开，并且他们发送了一个ack数据包-但我没有收到我期望的响应。

我一直在与“connectoid”进行交叉参考，这是一个开源的RDP客户端。在连接代码中，我停留在他们编写的混合小端和大端整数的位置。

当我查看有限的示例（更像是分组转储）时，我发现此过程的连接长度为412，但我的“bytearray”更接近470。

我已经将“connectoid”方法转换为我认为是正确的，但由于混合的字节序类型，我仍然不确定。

如果语意不清，请见谅，但我正在尽力帮助您帮助我。我会附上一些代码，显示我尝试进行的转换。

public function sendMcsData(): void {
    trace("Secure.sendMcsData");
    var num_channels: int = 2;
    //RdpPacket_Localised dataBuffer = new RdpPacket_Localised(512);
    var hostlen: int = 2 * "myhostaddress.ath.cx".length;
    if (hostlen > 30) {
        hostlen = 30;
    }
    var length: int = 158;
    length += 76 + 12 + 4;
    length += num_channels * 12 + 8;
    dataBuffer.writeShort(5); /* unknown */
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0x14);
    dataBuffer.writeByte(0x7c); //set 8 is write byte //write short is setbigendian 16 //
    dataBuffer.writeShort(1);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(length | 0x8000); // remaining length
    dataBuffer.writeShort(8); // length?
    dataBuffer.writeShort(16);
    dataBuffer.writeByte(0);
    var b1: ByteArray = new ByteArray();
    b1.endian = Endian.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
    b1.writeShort(0xc001);
    dataBuffer.writeBytes(b1);
    dataBuffer.writeByte(0);
    var b2: ByteArray = new ByteArray();
    b2.endian = Endian.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
    b2.writeInt(0x61637544);
    dataBuffer.writeBytes(b2);
    //dataBuffer.setLittleEndian32(0x61637544); // "Duca" ?!
    dataBuffer.writeShort(length - 14 | 0x8000); // remaining length
    var b3: ByteArray = new ByteArray();
    b3.endian = Endian.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
    // Client information
    b3.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_INFO);
    b3.writeShort(true ? 212 : 136); // length
    b3.writeShort(true ? 4 : 1);
    b3.writeShort(8);
    b3.writeShort(600);
    b3.writeShort(1024);
    b3.writeShort(0xca01);
    b3.writeShort(0xaa03);
    b3.writeInt(0x809); //should be option.keybaortd layout just guessed 1
    b3.writeInt(true ? 2600 : 419); // or 0ece
    dataBuffer.writeBytes(b3);
    // // client
    // build? we
    // are 2600
    // compatible
    // :-)
    /* Unicode name of client, padded to 32 bytes */
    dataBuffer.writeMultiByte("myhost.ath.cx".toLocaleUpperCase(), "ISO");
    dataBuffer.position = dataBuffer.position + (30 - "myhost.ath.cx".toLocaleUpperCase()
        .length);
    var b4: ByteArray = new ByteArray();
    b4.endian = Endian.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
    b4.writeInt(4);
    b4.writeInt(0);
    b4.writeInt(12);
    dataBuffer.writeBytes(b4);
    dataBuffer.position = dataBuffer.position + 64; /* reserved? 4 + 12 doublewords */
    var b5: ByteArray = new ByteArray();
    b5.endian = Endian.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
    b5.writeShort(0xca01); // out_uint16_le(s, 0xca01);
    b5.writeShort(true ? 1 : 0);
    if (true) //Options.use_rdp5)
    {
        b5.writeInt(0); // out_uint32(s, 0);
        b5.writeByte(24); // out_uint8(s, g_server_bpp);
        b5.writeShort(0x0700); // out_uint16_le(s, 0x0700);
        b5.writeByte(0); // out_uint8(s, 0);
        b5.writeInt(1); // out_uint32_le(s, 1);
        b5.position = b5.position + 64;
        b5.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_4); // out_uint16_le(s,
        // SEC_TAG_CLI_4);
        b5.writeShort(12); // out_uint16_le(s, 12);
        b5.writeInt(false ? 0xb : 0xd); // out_uint32_le(s,
        // g_console_session
        // ?
        // 0xb
        // :
        // 9);
        b5.writeInt(0); // out_uint32(s, 0);
    }
    // Client encryption settings //
    b5.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_CRYPT);
    b5.writeShort(true ? 12 : 8); // length
    // if(Options.use_rdp5) dataBuffer.setLittleEndian32(Options.encryption ?
    // 0x1b : 0); // 128-bit encryption supported
    // else
    b5.writeInt(true ? (false ? 0xb : 0x3) : 0);
    if (true) b5.writeInt(0); // unknown
    if (true && (num_channels > 0)) {
        trace(("num_channels is " + num_channels));
        b5.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_CHANNELS); // out_uint16_le(s,
        // SEC_TAG_CLI_CHANNELS);
        b5.writeShort(num_channels * 12 + 8); // out_uint16_le(s,
        // g_num_channels
        // * 12
        // + 8);
        // //
        // length
        b5.writeInt(num_channels); // out_uint32_le(s,
        // g_num_channels);
        // // number of
        // virtual
        // channels
        dataBuffer.writeBytes(b5);
        trace("b5 is bigendin" + (b5.endian == Endian.BIG_ENDIAN));
        for (var i: int = 0; i < num_channels; i++) {
            dataBuffer.writeMultiByte("testtes" + i, "ascii"); //, 8); // out_uint8a(s,
            // g_channels[i].name,
            // 8);
            dataBuffer.writeInt(0x40000000); // out_uint32_be(s,
            // g_channels[i].flags);
        }
    }
    //socket.
    //buffer.markEnd();
    //return buffer;
}

- Brendan Mcdonagh

---

你能否捕获一个已知好的RDP客户端发送的有效数据包，并将其与你感兴趣的数据包进行比较？可能是由于你对字节数组的某一部分进行编码的方式出现了错误。 - Autumn

请问您所说的“initial request connection”是什么意思？因为您应该已经通过了初始请求才能登录，所以不清楚您卡在哪个状态。您已发送连接请求（0xe0）并收到确认（0xd0），现在处于“connect-initial”阶段吗？还是在事件序列中更进一步了？您在上述代码中生成的数据包是“MCS：connect-initial”数据包吗？ - Max Worg

这可能是一个愚蠢的问题，但你尝试手动远程桌面连接到那台电脑看看它是否工作了吗？可能会出现一些阻止登录的情况，比如“此机器仅限授权使用等等”的横幅提示。 - Cryptographic_ICE

不知道你是否已经这样做了，但是你应该查看KRDC（[链接]（https://www.kde.org/applications/internet/krdc/））或freerdp（[链接] （http://www.freerdp.com/））的源代码。它们可能会对你的问题提供很好的见解。 - Nadeem Douba

从connectoid源代码中看来，这些数据包中的数据是BER编码的；你应该编写一些函数来使自己免于手动创建数据包数据，并帮助你（和我们）调试你的代码。 - Alex Mazzariol

Answer 1

很明显，大多数缓冲区是小端存储的，但在其开头有几个预期为16位（short）大端数字的字节。这意味着，您必须以小端方式编写数据，就好像它将被解释为大端。为了将数据从大端转换为小端，您可以使用一个临时的ByteArray，将其大小端设置为big，向其中写入数据，然后在主缓冲区数组上调用writeBytes()，最后清除临时的big-endian数组。常量的编写可以手动完成，因为您可以自己移动字节顺序，例如当您将0x0005以big-endian形式写入short时，只需以little-endian形式写入0x0500即可。您似乎已经使用了带有big-endian的无用dataBuffer编写了代码，所以您知道这个技巧。不过，最好在函数中生成一个正确的dataBuffer。我试图基于我下载的connectoid代码来修复您的代码，以便它将返回大小端为little的正确形式的ByteArray - 这仅在读取有序数据时才会有影响，而读取字节时则没有。

public function sendMcsData(): ByteArray {
    trace("Secure.sendMcsData");
    var num_channels: int = 2;
    var dataBuffer:ByteArray=new ByteArray(); //RdpPacket_Localised dataBuffer = new RdpPacket_Localised(512);
    // it's better to build the data buffer in the function, as in java, otherwise you can receive interference
    dataBuffer.endian=Endian.LITTLE_ENDIAN; // for clarity
    var hostlen: int = 2 * "myhost.ath.cx".length; // hardcoded? TODO FIX
    if (hostlen > 30) {
        hostlen = 30;
    }
    var length: int = 158;
    length += 76 + 12 + 4; // Options.use_rdp5 is true, apparently
    length += num_channels * 12 + 8;
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0x0500); // writing big-endian 0x5 *unknown*
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0x1400); // writing big-endian 0x14
    dataBuffer.writeByte(0x7c); //set 8 is write byte 
    //write short is setbigendian 16 //
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0x0100); // writing big-endian 0x01
    var be:ByteArray=new ByteArray();
    be.endian=Endian.BIG_ENDIAN; // create big-endian array for the data that's not static
    be.writeShort(length | 0x8000); // remaining length
    dataBuffer.writeBytes(be);
    be.clear(); // so that extra writing will not spoil the array
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0x0800); // writing big-endian 0x08 (length?)
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0x1000); // writing big-endian 16 (0x10)
    dataBuffer.writeByte(0);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0xc001); // this one is little endian by default
    dataBuffer.writeByte(0);
    dataBuffer.writeUnsignedInt(0x61637544);
    //dataBuffer.setLittleEndian32(0x61637544); // "Duca" ?!
    be.writeShort((length - 14) | 0x8000); // remaining length
    dataBuffer.writeBytes(be);
    be.clear();
    dataBuffer.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_INFO);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(212); // length
    dataBuffer.writeShort(4);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(8);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(600); // Options.width
    dataBuffer.writeShort(1024); // Options.height
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0xca01);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0xaa03);
    dataBuffer.writeInt(0x0409); //Options.keylayout, default English/US - fixed
    dataBuffer.writeInt(2600); // or 0ece
    dataBuffer.writeBytes(b3);
    // // client
    // build? we
    // are 2600
    // compatible
    // :-)
    /* Unicode name of client, padded to 32 bytes */
    var targetPos:int=dataBuffer.position+32; // to account for padding
    dataBuffer.writeMultiByte("myhost.ath.cx".toLocaleUpperCase(), "UTF-16"); 
    // buffer.outUnicodeString(Options.hostname.toUpperCase(), hostlen);
    // apparently encoding is used "Unicode" that is UTF-16. If that will not work, set UTF-8 here
    // and by all means check what is on the wire when you connect via conventional RDP

    dataBuffer.position = targetPos;
    // this seems to be your mistake in converting position truncate, 
    // as position after writing already accounts for the writing been processed.
    // This line alone can be the source of size discrepancy you observe.
    dataBuffer.writeInt(4);
    dataBuffer.writeInt(0);
    dataBuffer.writeInt(12);
    dataBuffer.position = dataBuffer.position + 64; // /* reserved? 4 + 12 doublewords */
    // note, if the position wouldn't shift forward, write zeroes manually
    dataBuffer.writeShort(0xca01); // out_uint16_le(s, 0xca01);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(1);
    if (true) //Options.use_rdp5)
    {
        dataBuffer.writeInt(0); // out_uint32(s, 0);
        dataBuffer.writeByte(24); // out_uint8(s, g_server_bpp);
        dataBuffer.writeShort(0x0700); // out_uint16_le(s, 0x0700);
        dataBuffer.writeByte(0); // out_uint8(s, 0);
        dataBuffer.writeInt(1); // out_uint32_le(s, 1);
        dataBuffer.position = dataBuffer.position + 64;
        dataBuffer.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_4); // out_uint16_le(s,
        // SEC_TAG_CLI_4);
        dataBuffer.writeShort(12); // out_uint16_le(s, 12);
        dataBuffer.writeInt(0xd); // out_uint32_le(s,
        // g_console_session
        // ?
        // 0xb
        // :
        // 9);
        // the comments say 9, but the code says 0xd - leaving 0xd in place
        // Options.console_session is hardcoded false
        dataBuffer.writeInt(0); // out_uint32(s, 0);
    }
    // Client encryption settings //
    dataBuffer.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_CRYPT);
    dataBuffer.writeShort(12); // length
    // if(Options.use_rdp5) dataBuffer.setLittleEndian32(Options.encryption ?
    // 0x1b : 0); // 128-bit encryption supported
    // else
    dataBuffer.writeInt(true ? (false ? 0xb : 0x3) : 0);
    dataBuffer.writeInt(0); // unknown
    if (true && (num_channels > 0)) {
        trace(("num_channels is", num_channels));
        dataBuffer.writeShort(SEC_TAG_CLI_CHANNELS); // out_uint16_le(s,
        // SEC_TAG_CLI_CHANNELS);
        dataBuffer.writeShort(num_channels * 12 + 8); // out_uint16_le(s,
        // g_num_channels
        // * 12
        // + 8);
        // //
        // length
        dataBuffer.writeInt(num_channels); // out_uint32_le(s,
        // g_num_channels);
        // // number of
        // virtual
        // channels
        for (var i: int = 0; i < num_channels; i++) {
            targetPos=dataBuffer.position+8; // account for padding/truncation
            dataBuffer.writeMultiByte("testtes" + i, "ascii"); //, 8); // out_uint8a(s,
            // g_channels[i].name,
            // 8);
            dataBuffer.position=targetPos;
            dataBuffer.writeInt(0x00000040); // out_uint32_be(s,
            // g_channels[i].flags);
            // writing big-endian 0x40000000
        }
    }
    trace("sendMCSData: Data buffer length is",dataBuffer.length); // debug
    return dataBuffer;
}

希望这可以帮助到您。

- Vesper