一些“Android开发/SDK工具”之间有什么区别？

Question

Android开发工具、Android SDK工具、Android SDK平台工具和Android SDK构建工具有何不同？

为什么不能将它们合并成更少的组？这4个工具在我降级/升级时让我感到困惑。

- herbertD

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请参考此链接：https://dev59.com/DGoy5IYBdhLWcg3wCpoz - selva_pollachi

Answer 1

SDK 工具

SDK 工具是与 SDK 入门套件一起安装的，并定期更新。如果您要开发 Android 应用程序，则需要使用 SDK 工具。最重要的 SDK 工具包括 Android SDK 管理器（android sdk）、AVD 管理器（android avd）、模拟器（emulator）和 Dalvik 调试监视服务器（ddms）。以下是一些常用的 SDK 工具的简短摘要。

android

Lets you manage AVDs, projects, and the installed components of the SDK.

Dalvik调试监控服务器（ddms）

Lets you debug Android applications.

dmtracedump

Generates graphical call-stack diagrams from trace log files. The tool uses the Graphviz Dot utility to create the graphical output, so you need to install Graphviz before running dmtracedump. For more information on using dmtracedump, see Profiling with Traceview and dmtracedump

绘制9-patch图

Allows you to easily create a NinePatch graphic using a WYSIWYG editor. It also previews stretched versions of the image, and highlights the area in which content is allowed.

Android模拟器 (emulator)

A QEMU-based device-emulation tool that you can use to design, debug, and test your applications in an actual Android run-time environment.

层次结构查看器（Hierarchy Viewer）

Lets you debug and optimize an Android application's user interface.

hprof-conv

Converts the HPROF file that is generated by the Android SDK tools to a standard format so you can view the file in a profiling tool of your choice.

layoutopt

Lets you quickly analyze your application's layouts in order to optimize them for efficiency.

mksdcard

Helps you create a disk image that you can use with the emulator, to simulate the presence of an external storage card (such as an SD card).

猴子

Runs on your emulator or device and generates pseudo-random streams of user events such as clicks, touches, or gestures, as well as a number of system-level events. You can use the Monkey to stress-test applications that you are developing, in a random yet repeatable manner.

monkeyrunner

Provides an API for writing programs that control an Android device or emulator from outside of Android code.

ProGuard

Shrinks, optimizes, and obfuscates your code by removing unused code and renaming classes, fields, and methods with semantically obscure names.

Systrace

Lets you analyze the execution of your application in the context of system processes, to help diagnose display and performance issues.

sqlite3

Lets you access the SQLite data files created and used by Android applications.

跟踪视图

Provides a graphical viewer for execution logs saved by your application.

zipalign

Optimizes .apk files by ensuring that all uncompressed data starts with a particular alignment relative to the start of the file. This should always be used to align .apk files after they have been signed.

平台工具

每次安装新的SDK平台时，平台工具通常都会更新。每个平台工具的更新都向后兼容旧的平台。通常，您只会直接使用其中一个平台工具——Android Debug Bridge (adb)。 Android Debug Bridge是一种多功能工具，可让您管理模拟器实例或Android设备的状态。您还可以使用它在设备上安装Android应用程序（.apk）文件。

其他平台工具，如aidl、aapt、dexdump和dx，通常由Android构建工具或Android开发工具（ADT）调用，因此您很少需要直接调用这些工具。一般来说，您应该依赖于构建工具或ADT插件根据需要调用它们。

注意：Android SDK提供了通过adb访问的其他shell工具，例如bmgr和logcat。

- Tarsem Singh

Answer 2

好的，Android Development Tools（ADT）是一个插件，与Eclipse一起使用来开发应用程序。有一个ADT捆绑包，其中包含开始创建应用程序所需的所有内容。

然而，SDK工具是Android SDK的可下载组件。它包括完整的Android SDK开发和调试工具集。

我建议您下载ADT Bundle。它包含您需要的一切。最后，在Google I/O上介绍了Android Studio，但它仍处于测试版。它基本上可以做ADT的工作，并允许您查看应用程序在许多不同设备上的外观。

- akinfermo

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谢谢！我会在以后尝试使用ADT Bundle。 - herbertD

更新：现在我正在使用Android Studio 0.3.5，它比eclipse好得多，所以我不再需要ADT了。 - herbertD