自定义ServiceHostFactory在Windows Server 2012和IIS 8.5上失效

Question

我在一个安装有IIS Version 8.5.9600.16384的Windows 2012 Server R2 Standard上，使用一个自定义的ServiceHostFactory实现WCF服务时遇到了一个非常奇怪的错误。我使用Visual Studio 2013 Update 4编译代码并将其发布到本地机器上，服务在本地运行正常。但是当我尝试部署相同的代码（只需从我的计算机复制所有文件到服务器）时，会出现HttpCompileException异常。在我的机器和服务器上，应用程序池都设置了.NET版本v4.0.30319，并且托管管道模式均为“集成”。我无法理解为什么相同的代码在我的机器上运行良好，而在服务器上却不行。两者之间唯一的区别是操作系统和IIS版本。我的机器运行Windows 7和IIS 7。 MyService.svc包含以下内容：

<%@ServiceHost
    Language="C#"
    Debug="false"
    Service="MyService"
    Factory="CustomServiceHostFactory"%>

这是我实现的CustomServiceHostFactory，它扩展了UnityServiceHostFactory。

public class CustomServiceHostFactory : UnityServiceHostFactory
  {
      protected override void InitializeLocalDependencies(IUnityContainer container)
      {
          var initializer = new ContainerInitializer();
          initializer.Initialize(container);
      //do stuff
      }
  }

这是我对UnityServiceHostFactory的实现，它扩展了System.ServiceMode.Activation.ServiceHostFactory。

public class UnityServiceHostFactory : ServiceHostFactory
   {
       private readonly IUnityContainer _container;

       public UnityServiceHostFactory()
       {
           _container = new UnityContainer(); 
          //do stuff    
       }

以下是异常信息：

Exception information: 
    Exception type: HttpCompileException 
    Exception message: The CLR Type 'CustomServiceHostFactory' could not be loaded during service compilation. Verify that this type is either defined in a source file located in the application's \\App_Code directory, contained in a compiled assembly located in the application's \\bin directory, or present in an assembly installed in the Global Assembly Cache. Note that the type name is case-sensitive and that the directories such as \\App_Code and \\bin must be located in the application's root directory and cannot be nested in subdirectories.
   at System.Runtime.AsyncResult.End[TAsyncResult](IAsyncResult result)
   at System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult.End(IAsyncResult result)
   at System.Web.HttpApplication.AsyncEventExecutionStep.OnAsyncEventCompletion(IAsyncResult ar)
The CLR Type ‘CustomServiceHostFactory' could not be loaded during service compilation. Verify that this type is either defined in a source file located in the application's \\App_Code directory, contained in a compiled assembly located in the application's \\bin directory, or present in an assembly installed in the Global Assembly Cache. Note that the type name is case-sensitive and that the directories such as \\App_Code and \\bin must be located in the application's root directory and cannot be nested in subdirectories.

希望有人能够帮助我解决这个问题，非常感激。

提前致谢。

编辑：

以下是我在Windows Server 2012上安装的.NET版本和工具列表。我的项目使用.NET Framework 4.5编译。

功能特性：

• .NET Framework 3.5 特性
• Net Framework 3.5 (包括 .NET 2.0 和 3.0)
• HTTP 激活
• .NET Framework 4.5 特性
• .Net Framework 4.5 ASP.NET 4.5
• WCF 服务
• HTTP 激活
• 命名管道激活
• TCP 激活
  -TCP 端口共享

- Stuck

---

似乎是.NET框架的问题，因为它说CLR类型无法加载，请检查您的服务器上安装了哪个.NET版本。 - Coder1409

Answer 1

解决方案：

• 在您的项目中添加对Microsoft.Practices.Unity.dll的引用。

我的项目缺少对Microsoft.Practices.Unity.dll的引用。我的本地计算机必须在其他地方拥有该dll文件，因此本地服务正常工作。但是服务器没有它。因此，它通过给我一个非常无用的消息来告诉我缺少引用。

- Stuck