不要依赖于内部API（这些API可能会在没有通知的情况下更改），而是使用仅公共API的替代方法。虽然更复杂，但反过来却可以使您对打印内容具有最大控制权：
class ArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ArgumentParser, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.program = { key: kwargs[key] for key in kwargs }
self.options = []
def add_argument(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ArgumentParser, self).add_argument(*args, **kwargs)
option = {}
option["flags"] = [ item for item in args ]
for key in kwargs:
option[key] = kwargs[key]
self.options.append(option)
def print_help(self):
工作原理：
- 利用
argparse.ArgumentParser构造函数来捕获并存储程序信息（例如描述，使用情况）到self.program中
- 利用
argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument()来捕获并存储添加的参数（例如标志，帮助信息，默认值）到self.options中
- 重新定义
argparse.ArgumentParser.print_help()并使用之前存储的程序信息/参数来生成帮助文本
以下是一个包含一些常见用例的完整示例。注意，这并不是完整的（例如没有支持位置参数或具有多个参数选项的支持），但应该能够提供对可能性的良好印象：
import os
import sys
import argparse
import textwrap
class ArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ArgumentParser, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.program = { key: kwargs[key] for key in kwargs }
self.options = []
def add_argument(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ArgumentParser, self).add_argument(*args, **kwargs)
option = {}
option["flags"] = [ item for item in args ]
for key in kwargs:
option[key] = kwargs[key]
self.options.append(option)
def print_help(self):
wrapper = textwrap.TextWrapper(width=80)
if "usage" in self.program:
print("Usage: %s" % self.program["usage"])
else:
usage = []
for option in self.options:
usage += [ "[%s %s]" % (item, option["metavar"]) if "metavar" in option else "[%s %s]" % (item, option["dest"].upper()) if "dest" in option else "[%s]" % item for item in option["flags"] ]
wrapper.initial_indent = "Usage: %s " % os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
wrapper.subsequent_indent = len(wrapper.initial_indent) * " "
output = str.join(" ", usage)
output = wrapper.fill(output)
print(output)
print()
if "description" in self.program:
print(self.program["description"])
print()
print("Options:")
maxlen = 0
for option in self.options:
option["flags2"] = str.join(", ", [ "%s %s" % (item, option["metavar"]) if "metavar" in option else "%s %s" % (item, option["dest"].upper()) if "dest" in option else item for item in option["flags"] ])
if len(option["flags2"]) > maxlen:
maxlen = len(option["flags2"])
for option in self.options:
template = " %-" + str(maxlen) + "s "
wrapper.initial_indent = template % option["flags2"]
wrapper.subsequent_indent = len(wrapper.initial_indent) * " "
if "help" in option and "default" in option:
output = option["help"]
output += " (default: '%s')" % option["default"] if isinstance(option["default"], str) else " (default: %s)" % str(option["default"])
output = wrapper.fill(output)
elif "help" in option:
output = option["help"]
output = wrapper.fill(output)
elif "default" in option:
output = "Default: '%s'" % option["default"] if isinstance(option["default"], str) else "Default: %s" % str(option["default"])
output = wrapper.fill(output)
else:
output = wrapper.initial_indent
print(output)
if (__name__ == "__main__"):
parser = ArgumentParser(description="Download program based on some library.", argument_default=argparse.SUPPRESS, allow_abbrev=False, add_help=False)
parser.add_argument("-c", "--config-file", action="store", dest="config_file", metavar="file", type=str, default="config.ini")
parser.add_argument("-d", "--database-file", action="store", dest="database_file", metavar="file", type=str, help="SQLite3 database file to read/write", default="database.db")
parser.add_argument("-l", "--log-file", action="store", dest="log_file", metavar="file", type=str, help="File to write log to", default="debug.log")
parser.add_argument("-f", "--data-file", action="store", dest="data_file", metavar="file", type=str, help="Data file to read", default="data.bin")
parser.add_argument("-t", "--threads", action="store", dest="threads", type=int, help="Number of threads to spawn", default=3)
parser.add_argument("-p", "--port", action="store", dest="port", type=int, help="TCP port to listen on for access to the web interface", default="12345")
parser.add_argument("--max-downloads", action="store", dest="max_downloads", metavar="value", type=int, help="Maximum number of concurrent downloads", default=5)
parser.add_argument("--download-timeout", action="store", dest="download_timeout", metavar="value", type=int, help="Download timeout in seconds", default=120)
parser.add_argument("--max-requests", action="store", dest="max_requests", metavar="value", type=int, help="Maximum number of concurrent requests", default=10)
parser.add_argument("--request-timeout", action="store", dest="request_timeout", metavar="value", type=int, help="Request timeout in seconds", default=60)
parser.add_argument("--main-interval", action="store", dest="main_interval", metavar="value", type=int, help="Main loop interval in seconds", default=60)
parser.add_argument("--thread-interval", action="store", dest="thread_interval", metavar="value", type=int, help="Thread loop interval in milliseconds", default=500)
parser.add_argument("--console-output", action="store", dest="console_output", metavar="value", type=str.lower, choices=["stdout", "stderr"], help="Output to use for console", default="stdout")
parser.add_argument("--console-level", action="store", dest="console_level", metavar="value", type=str.lower, choices=["debug", "info", "warning", "error", "critical"], help="Log level to use for console", default="info")
parser.add_argument("--logfile-level", action="store", dest="logfile_level", metavar="value", type=str.lower, choices=["debug", "info", "warning", "error", "critical"], help="Log level to use for log file", default="info")
parser.add_argument("--console-color", action="store", dest="console_color", metavar="value", type=bool, help="Colorized console output", default=True)
parser.add_argument("--logfile-color", action="store", dest="logfile_color", metavar="value", type=bool, help="Colorized log file output", default=False)
parser.add_argument("--log-template", action="store", dest="log_template", metavar="value", type=str, help="Template to use for log lines", default="[%(created)d] [%(threadName)s] [%(levelname)s] %(message)s")
parser.add_argument("-h", "--help", action="help", help="Display this message")
args = parser.parse_args(["-h"])
生成的输出：
Usage: argparse_custom_usage.py [-c file] [--config-file file] [-d file]
[--database-file file] [-l file] [--log-file
file] [-f file] [--data-file file] [-t THREADS]
[--threads THREADS] [-p PORT] [--port PORT]
[--max-downloads value] [--download-timeout
value] [--max-requests value] [--request-timeout
value] [--main-interval value] [--thread-
interval value] [--console-output value]
[--console-level value] [--logfile-level value]
[--console-color value] [--logfile-color value]
[--log-template value] [-h] [--help]
Download program based on some library.
Options:
-c file, --config-file file Default: 'config.ini'
-d file, --database-file file SQLite3 database file to read/write (default:
'database.db')
-l file, --log-file file File to write log to (default: 'debug.log')
-f file, --data-file file Data file to read (default: 'data.bin')
-t THREADS, --threads THREADS Number of threads to spawn (default: 3)
-p PORT, --port PORT TCP port to listen on for access to the web
interface (default: '12345')
--max-downloads value Maximum number of concurrent downloads
(default: 5)
--download-timeout value Download timeout in seconds (default: 120)
--max-requests value Maximum number of concurrent requests (default:
10)
--request-timeout value Request timeout in seconds (default: 60)
--main-interval value Main loop interval in seconds (default: 60)
--thread-interval value Thread loop interval in milliseconds (default:
500)
--console-output value Output to use for console (default: 'stdout')
--console-level value Log level to use for console (default: 'info')
--logfile-level value Log level to use for log file (default: 'info')
--console-color value Colorized console output (default: True)
--logfile-color value Colorized log file output (default: False)
--log-template value Template to use for log lines (default:
'[%(created)d] [%(threadName)s] [%(levelname)s]
%(message)s')
-h, --help Display this message
编辑：
如果已经显著扩展了示例，并将继续在GitHub上进行。
help吗？ - jonrsharpeadd_help设置为False并手动执行。但是小写字母是这些事情的惯例。 - jonrsharpegit大写。curl大写。apt-get大写。gcc大写。如果有一个约定（我怀疑是否有），我不确定 argparse 是否在正确的一边。 - Paul Draperargparse中的惯例（以及 Python 中的通用惯例，在python3 --help中会显示小写的标记帮助）。 - jonrsharpeparser.format_help生成的文本呢？比如说parser.usage = edit(parser.format_help())，然后编写一个函数edit来解析每一行并将帮助字符串转换为标题格式。 - SurpriseDog