如问题所述,最有帮助的文档是 [MS-QDEFF]: Query Definition File Format
。我将在此处包含此文档的最相关部分,但如有需要,请参考原始文档。下面展示了由 Microsoft 提供的具有 DataMashup
的示例 XML。这是一个简短的查询,但如果打开 customXml > item1.xml
文件,可以期待类似的内容。
<DataMashup sqmid="7690c5d6-5698-463c-a560-a0093d4f6332"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/DataMashup">
AAAAAEUDAABQSwMEFAACAAgAta0pR62KRJynAAAA+QAAABIAHABDb25maWcvUGFja2FnZS54bWwgohgA
KKAUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAhY9NDoIwGESvQrqnP4jGkI+ycCuJCdG4bUqFRiiGFsvdXHgkr
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uGxADJHIN8b/A1QSwMEFAACAAgAta0pRw/K6aukAAAA6QAAABMAHABbQ29udGVudF9UeXBlc10ueG1sI
KIYACigFAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG2OSw7CMAxErxJ5n7qwQAg1ZQHcgAtEwf2I5qPGReFsL
DgSVyBtd4ilZ+Z55vN6V8dkB/GgMfbeKdgUJQhyxt961yqYuJF7ONbV9Rkoihx1UUHHHA6I0XRkdSx8I
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cQkbZR2IXEZXn8BUEsDBBQAAgAIALWtKUdi3rmEPAAAAEsAAAATABwARm9ybXVsYXMvU2VjdGlvbjEub
SCiGAAooBQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAArTk0uyczPUwiG0IbWvFy8XMUZiUWpKQqBpalFlYYKt
go5qSW8XApAEJxfWpScChQx1Dbk5crMQxa1BgBQSwECLQAUAAIACAC1rSlHrYpEnKcAAAD5AAAAEgAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQ29uZmlnL1BhY2thZ2UueG1sUEsBAi0AFAACAAgAta0pRw/K6aukAAAA6QAAA
BMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA8wAAAFtDb250ZW50X1R5cGVzXS54bWxQSwECLQAUAAIACAC1rSlHYt65hDwAA
ABLAAAAEwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADkAQAARm9ybXVsYXMvU2VjdGlvbjEubVBLBQYAAAAAAwADAMIAAABtA
gAAAAA0AQAA77u/PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0idXRmLTgiPz48UGVybWlzc2lvb
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DAxL1hNTFNjaGVtYSI+PEl0ZW1zPjxJdGVtPjxJdGVtTG9jYXRpb24+PEl0ZW1UeXBlPkFsbEZvcm11b
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XRlbT48SXRlbT48SXRlbUxvY2F0aW9uPjxJdGVtVHlwZT5Gb3JtdWxhPC9JdGVtVHlwZT48SXRlbVBhd
Gg+U2VjdGlvbjEvUXVlcnkxPC9JdGVtUGF0aD48L0l0ZW1Mb2NhdGlvbj48U3RhYmxlRW50cmllcz48R
W50cnkgVHlwZT0iSXNQcml2YXRlIiBWYWx1ZT0ibDAiIC8+PEVudHJ5IFR5cGU9IlJlc3VsdFR5cGUiI
FZhbHVlPSJzTnVtYmVyIiAvPjxFbnRyeSBUeXBlPSJGaWxsRW5hYmxlZCIgVmFsdWU9ImwxIiAvPjxFb
nRyeSBUeXBlPSJGaWxsVG9EYXRhTW9kZWxFbmFibGVkIiBWYWx1ZT0ibDAiIC8+PEVudHJ5IFR5cGU9I
kZpbGxDb3VudCIgVmFsdWU9ImwxIiAvPjxFbnRyeSBUeXBlPSJGaWxsRXJyb3JDb3VudCIgVmFsdWU9I
mwwIiAvPjxFbnRyeSBUeXBlPSJGaWxsQ29sdW1uVHlwZXMiIFZhbHVlPSJzQlE9PSIgLz48RW50cnkgV
HlwZT0iRmlsbENvbHVtbk5hbWVzIiBWYWx1ZT0ic1smcXVvdDtRdWVyeTEmcXVvdDtdIiAvPjxFbnRye
SBUeXBlPSJGaWxsRXJyb3JDb2RlIiBWYWx1ZT0ic1Vua25vd24iIC8+PEVudHJ5IFR5cGU9IkZpbGxMY
XN0VXBkYXRlZCIgVmFsdWU9ImQyMDE1LTA5LTEwVDA0OjQ1OjQxLjkyNzU5MDBaIiAvPjxFbnRyeSBUe
XBlPSJSZWxhdGlvbnNoaXBJbmZvQ29udGFpbmVyIiBWYWx1ZT0ic3smcXVvdDtjb2x1bW5Db3VudCZxd
W90OzoxLCZxdW90O2tleUNvbHVtbk5hbWVzJnF1b3Q7OltdLCZxdW90O3F1ZXJ5UmVsYXRpb25zaGlwc
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mFsdWU9InNTaGVldDIiIC8+PEVudHJ5IFR5cGU9IlJlY292ZXJ5VGFyZ2V0Q29sdW1uIiBWYWx1ZT0ib
DEiIC8+PEVudHJ5IFR5cGU9IlJlY292ZXJ5VGFyZ2V0Um93IiBWYWx1ZT0ibDEiIC8+PEVudHJ5IFR5c
GU9Ik5hbWVVcGRhdGVkQWZ0ZXJGaWxsIiBWYWx1ZT0ibDAiIC8+PEVudHJ5IFR5cGU9IkZpbGxUYXJnZ
XQiIFZhbHVlPSJzUXVlcnkxIiAvPjxFbnRyeSBUeXBlPSJCdWZmZXJOZXh0UmVmcmVzaCIgVmFsdWU9I
mwxIiAvPjxFbnRyeSBUeXBlPSJGaWxsU3RhdHVzIiBWYWx1ZT0ic0NvbXBsZXRlIiAvPjxFbnRyeSBUe
XBlPSJRdWVyeUlEIiBWYWx1ZT0iczdlMDQzNjJlLTkyZjUtNGQ4Mi04YjA3LTI3NjFlYWY2OGFlNSIgL
z48L1N0YWJsZUVudHJpZXM+PC9JdGVtPjxJdGVtPjxJdGVtTG9jYXRpb24+PEl0ZW1UeXBlPkZvcm11b
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WRhdGFGaWxlPhYAAABQSwUGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA2gAAAAEAAADQjJ3fARXREYx6AMBPwpfrA
QAAACLWGAG5O6FHjkAGtB+m5EQAAAAAAgAAAAAAA2YAAMAAAAAQAAAAaH8KNe2ciHwfVosIvSCr6gAAA
AAEgAAAoAAAABAAAAA40fOKWe6kmTAWJSBXs4cYUAAAAPNy7uF6Dtr9PvADu+eZdeV7JutpIQTh41qqT
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6Jm8C98hVmJBo638e4Qk65V
</DataMashup>
这个对象的值以 Base64
字符串编码。如果你不熟悉 Base 64,可以参考 维基百科 中的相关文章。解决方案的第一步是打开 XML 文档并将其转换为 byte
表示形式。可按以下方式完成:
string file = @"\customXml\item1.xml"
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(file)
byte[] dataMashup = Convert.FromBase64String(doc.Root.Value)
注意: 在本答案底部提供的完整示例中,所有操作都在内存中完成。
来自微软定义文档:
Version(4个字节):无符号整数,必须设置为0。
Package Parts Length(4个字节):无符号整数,指定Package Parts字段的长度。
Package Parts(可变长度):可变长度的二进制流(第2.3节)。
Permissions Length(4个字节):无符号整数,指定Permissions字段的长度。
Permissions(可变长度):可变长度的二进制流(第2.4节)。
Metadata Length(4个字节):无符号整数,指定Metadata字段的长度。
Metadata(可变长度):可变长度的二进制流(第2.5节)。
Permission Bindings Length(4个字节):无符号整数,指定Permission Bindings字段的长度。
Permission Bindings(可变长度):可变长度的二进制流(第2.6节)。
由于每个定义其内容长度的字段都是4个字节,因此我定义了一个常量。
private const int FIELDS_LENGTH = 4;
然后,此部分中定义的每个值(引用自Microsoft)可以如下所示找到:
int version = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
int packagePartsLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] packageParts = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 2).Take(packagePartsLength).ToArray();
int permissionsLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 2 + packagePartsLength).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] permissions = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 3).Take(permissionsLength).ToArray();
int metadataLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 3 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] metadata = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 4 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength).Take(metadataLength).ToArray();
int permissionsBindingLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 4 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength + metadataLength).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] permissionsBinding = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 5 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength + metadataLength).Take(permissionsBindingLength).ToArray();
使用byte[]
表示打包部件,它代表了来自System.IO.Packaging
命名空间的Package
对象。
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(packageParts)) {
using (Package package = Package.Open(ms, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite)) {
PackagePart section = package.GetParts().Where(x => x.Uri.OriginalString == "/Formulas/Section1.m").FirstOrDefault();
string query;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(section.GetStream())) {
query = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
using (BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(section.GetStream())) {
writer.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(query));
}
}
packageParts = ms.ToArray();
}
最后,我需要使用更新的软件包中的新信息来更新原始的byte[]
。
bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(version)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(packageParts.Length))
.Concat(packageParts)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(permissionsLength))
.Concat(permissions)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(metadataLength))
.Concat(metadata)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(permissionsBindingLength))
.Concat(permissionsBinding);
doc.Root.Value = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes.ToArray());
entryStream.SetLength(0);
doc.Save(entryStream);
以下是完整示例,以保证清晰。这是一个控制台应用程序,它将目录中要更新的文件作为命令行参数输入,然后将旧服务器名称替换为新服务器名称。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.IO.Packaging;
using System.Text;
namespace MyApp {
class Program {
private const int FIELDS_LENGTH = 4;
static void Main(string[] args) {
if (args.Length != 1) {
Console.WriteLine("specify one directory to update");
}
if (!Directory.Exists(args[0])) {
Console.WriteLine("directory does not exist");
}
IEnumerable<FileInfo> files = Directory.GetFiles(args[0]).Where(x => Path.GetExtension(x) == ".xlsx").Select(x => new FileInfo(x));
foreach (FileInfo file in files) {
using (FileStream fileStream = File.Open(file.FullName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate)) {
using (ZipArchive archive = new ZipArchive(fileStream, ZipArchiveMode.Update)) {
ZipArchiveEntry entry = archive.GetEntry("customXml/item1.xml");
IEnumerable<byte> bytes;
using (Stream entryStream = entry.Open()) {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(entryStream);
byte[] dataMashup = Convert.FromBase64String(doc.Root.Value);
int version = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
int packagePartsLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] packageParts = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 2).Take(packagePartsLength).ToArray();
int permissionsLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 2 + packagePartsLength).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] permissions = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 3).Take(permissionsLength).ToArray();
int metadataLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 3 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] metadata = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 4 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength).Take(metadataLength).ToArray();
int permissionsBindingLength = BitConverter.ToUInt16(dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 4 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength + metadataLength).Take(FIELDS_LENGTH).ToArray(), 0);
byte[] permissionsBinding = dataMashup.Skip(FIELDS_LENGTH * 5 + packagePartsLength + permissionsLength + metadataLength).Take(permissionsBindingLength).ToArray();
using (MemoryStream packagePartsStream = new MemoryStream(packageParts)) {
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) {
packagePartsStream.CopyTo(ms);
using (Package package = Package.Open(ms, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite)) {
PackagePart section = package.GetParts().Where(x => x.Uri.OriginalString == "/Formulas/Section1.m").FirstOrDefault();
string query;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(section.GetStream())) {
query = reader.ReadToEnd();
query = query.Replace("old-server", "new-server");
}
using (BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(section.GetStream())) {
writer.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(query));
}
}
packageParts = ms.ToArray();
}
bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(version)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(packageParts.Length))
.Concat(packageParts)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(permissionsLength))
.Concat(permissions)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(metadataLength))
.Concat(metadata)
.Concat(BitConverter.GetBytes(permissionsBindingLength))
.Concat(permissionsBinding);
doc.Root.Value = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes.ToArray());
entryStream.SetLength(0);
doc.Save(entryStream);
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
注意: 我只需要更新 Package Parts
部分,因此我可以确认这种解码/编码是有效的,但我没有测试 Permissions
、Metadata
或 Permissions Binding
的解码/编码。如果您需要使用这些内容,至少可以作为一个起点。
注意: 这段代码不能捕捉所有错误或处理每种情况。它旨在成为如何更新Power Query文件中的连接的工作示例。随意根据您的需求进行调整。