我们在亚马逊EC2上运行两个应用程序(backend.example.com和frontend.example.com)。对于这些应用程序，我们使用了付费SSL证书。该证书的过期日期是2021年6月。但是今天我们收到了一个错误 -
cURL error 60: SSL certificate problem: certificate has expired (see http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/libcurl-errors.html)
我们检查了证书过期日期，但没有问题（2021年6月）。然后我们按照这个线索进行 - curl：（60）SSL证书问题：无法获取本地颁发者证书（@Dahomz回答）。
之后，当我们使用命令 curl -v --url https://backend.example.com --cacert /etc/ssl/ssl.cert/cacert.pem 对 example.com 进行访问时，一切正常。响应如下 -
* Rebuilt URL to: https://backend.example.com/
* Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to backend.example.com (127.0.0.1) port 443 (#0)
* found 139 certificates in /etc/ssl/ssl.cert/cacert.pem
* found 600 certificates in /etc/ssl/certs
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* SSL connection using TLS1.2 / ******_RSA_***_***_GCM_*****
* server certificate verification OK
* server certificate status verification SKIPPED
* common name: *.example.com (matched)
* server certificate expiration date OK
* server certificate activation date OK
* certificate public key: RSA
* certificate version: #3
* subject: OU=Domain Control Validated,OU=PositiveSSL Wildcard,CN=*.example.xyz
* start date: Mon, 04 May 2019 00:00:00 GMT
* expire date: Wed, 07 June 2021 23:59:59 GMT
* issuer: C=GB,ST=Greater Manchester,L=Salford,O=Sectigo Limited,CN=Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA
* compression: NULL
* ALPN, server accepted to use http/1.1
但是当我们使用curl从frontend.example.com访问backend.example.com时，会抛出以下错误 -
但是当我们使用curl从frontend.example.com访问backend.example.com时，会抛出以下错误 -
* Rebuilt URL to: https://backend.example.com/
* Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to backend.example.com (127.0.0.1) port 443 (#0)
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* Cipher selection: ALL:!EXPORT:!EXPORT40:!EXPORT56:!aNULL:!LOW:!RC4:@STRENGTH
* successfully set certificate verify locations:
* CAfile: /etc/ssl/ssl.cert/cacert.pem
CApath: /etc/ssl/certs
* SSL connection using TLSv1.2 / *****-RSA-*****-GCM-******
* ALPN, server accepted to use http/1.1
* Server certificate:
* subject: OU=Domain Control Validated; OU=PositiveSSL Wildcard; CN=*.example.com
* start date: Mar 4 00:00:00 2019 GMT
* expire date: Apr 7 23:59:59 2021 GMT
* issuer: C=GB; ST=Greater Manchester; L=Salford; O=Sectigo Limited; CN=Sectigo RSA Domain Validation Secure Server CA
* SSL certificate verify result: certificate has expired (10), continuing anyway.
我的 curl 代码 -
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://backend.example.com");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_STDERR, fopen(public_path("c.log"), 'w'));
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
$error = curl_error($ch);
$info = curl_getinfo($ch);
curl_close($ch);
