如何使用BluetoothLeScanner类广播iBeacon？

Question

我希望通过BluetoothLeAdvertiser类，使用android.bluetooth.le包下的功能，在Android上传输iBluetooth。但是我发现无法设置一些制造商特定数据（Manufacturer spec data）字段，使其与iBeacon相匹配。


iBeacon结构：

这里和这里介绍了iBeacon的制造商特定数据需要包含什么值。基本上：

Apple Company Identifier (Little Endian), 0x004c = 76
data type, 0x02 => iBeacon
data length, 0x15 = 21
uuid: 585CDE931B0142CC9A1325009BEDC65E
major: [0000]
minor: 0000
meaured power at 1 meter: 0xc5 = -59

我是一名有用的助手，可以为您翻译文本。

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我一直在遵循这个教程，其中包括以下步骤：

1. Create the AdvertiseData object using AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData() (which I believe should be the Manufacturer spec data, see below for the issues with that)

   protected void setAdvertiseData() {
   
     AdvertiseData.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
   
     ByteBuffer mManufacturerData = ByteBuffer.allocate(24);
   
     byte[] uuid = getIdAsByte(UUID.fromString("0CF052C2-97CA-407C-84F8-B62AAC4E9020"));
   
     mManufacturerData.put(0, (byte)0xBE); // Beacon Identifier
   
     mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0xAC); // Beacon Identifier
   
     for (int i=2; i<=17; i++) {
   
       mManufacturerData.put(i, uuid[i-2]); // adding the UUID
   
     }
   
     mManufacturerData.put(18, (byte)0x00); // first byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(19, (byte)0x09); // second byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(20, (byte)0x00); // first minor
     mManufacturerData.put(21, (byte)0x06); // second minor
     mManufacturerData.put(22, (byte)0xB5); // txPower
     mBuilder.addManufacturerData(224, mManufacturerData.array()); // using google's company ID
     mAdvertiseData = mBuilder.build();
   }
   

2. Create AdvertiseSettings using the AdvertiseSettings.Builder

   protected void setAdvertiseSettings() {
     AdvertiseSettings.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();
     mBuilder.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_POWER);
     mBuilder.setConnectable(false);
     mBuilder.setTimeout(0);
     mBuilder.setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM);
     mAdvertiseSettings = mBuilder.build();
   }
   

3. Broadcast the AdvertiseSettings and AdvertiseData using BluetoothLeAdvertiser. (This also takes a callBack that tells if Bluetooth transmission worked, no problems there)

   mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
   

这些步骤存在的问题是：

• 不清楚AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData()将其第二个Byte[] manufacturerSpecificData参数放在制造商特定数据的哪里，特别是因为AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData()的第一个参数也是制造商特定数据中的制造商类型字段。

• 以下BluetoothLeAdvertiser构造函数参数似乎会向制造商特定数据写入字节，覆盖在addManufacturerData中添加的字节

  • AdvertiseSettings.Builder.setTxPowerLevel和PeriodicAdvertisingParameters.Builder.setIncludeTxPower会覆盖在AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData()中设置的TX功率（RSSI），并且在某些其他BluetoothLeAdvertiser函数中组合时会相互覆盖，例如BluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertisingSet。
  • 虽然我给出的示例中没有显示，但AdvertiseData.Builder也有addServiceUuid函数，它会覆盖在AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData()中添加的UUID。
    

起初我遵循了这篇教程，发送了一个Alt-Beacon信号。也许BluetoothLeAdvertiser类认为我仍在发送Alt-Beacon信号，而该信号的结构与iBeacons不同。 Alt-Beacon结构:

其他资源：

• BLE的TI文档
• 所有这些函数的反编译源代码
• Android蓝牙低功耗教程

更新后的代码：

public AdvertiseData getiBeaconData() {
    AdvertiseData.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
    ByteBuffer mManufacturerData = ByteBuffer.allocate(24);

    byte[] uuid = getIdAsByte(UUID.fromString(thisCont.getString( R.string.ble_uuid )) );
    ParcelUuid parced = new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString(thisCont.getString( R.string.ble_uuid )) );
    /*

R.string.ble_uuid == CDB7950D-73F1-4D4D-8E47-C090502DBD63 这是有关iBeacon结构的信息 http://smlie-blog.blogspot.com/2014/06/bluetooth-ibeacon-packet-format.html */

    //mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //Manufactor Id 1
    //mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x4C); //Manufactor Id 2
   // mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xBE); //ibeconid1
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x02); //ibeconid2
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x15); //Data length
    for (byte i:uuid) {
        mManufacturerData.put(i); // adding the UUID
    }
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //major first
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //major second
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //minor first
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //minor second
    //mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xC5); //TX power

    /*
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x1A); // Beacon Identifier was BE  iBeacon = 00
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xFF); // Beacon Identifier was AC  iBeacon = 02
    /* the above 2 lines are the ibeacon AD Indicator

    for (byte i:uuid) {
        mManufacturerData.put(i); // adding the UUID
    }
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // first byte of Major
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // second byte of Major
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // first minor
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // second minor
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xC5); // txPower (RSSI) (from tx)
    mBuilder.addManufacturerData(16, mManufacturerData.array()); // using google's company ID
    */

    mBuilder.addManufacturerData(76, mManufacturerData.array()); // using google's company ID
    //mBuilder.addServiceUuid(parced);
    return mBuilder.build();

}

- mikeLundquist

Answer 1

我认为你的代码非常好。一些备注：

• Apple的制造商ID是76：mBuilder.addManufacturerData(76, mManufacturerData.array())
• iBeacon类型是0x02：mManufacturerData.put(0, (byte)0x02); // Beacon Identifier
• 长度为0x15：mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0x15); // Beacon Identifier
• 我不确定这是否有效：UUID.fromString("0CF052C297CA407C84F8B62AAC4E9020")。通常，fromString()方法期望类似于：UUID.fromString("F0018B9B-7509-4C31-A905-1A27D39C003D")

总之：

protected void setAdvertiseData() {

     AdvertiseData.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder()

     ByteBuffer mManufacturerData = ByteBuffer.allocate(23);

     byte[] uuid = getIdAsByte(UUID.fromString("0CF052C297CA407C84F8B62AAC4E9020"));

     mManufacturerData.put(0, (byte)0x02);
     mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0x15); 

     for (int i=2; i<=17; i++) {
       mManufacturerData.put(i, uuid[i-2]); // adding the UUID
     }

     mManufacturerData.put(18, (byte)0x00); // first byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(19, (byte)0x09); // second byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(20, (byte)0x00); // first minor
     mManufacturerData.put(21, (byte)0x06); // second minor
     mManufacturerData.put(22, (byte)0xB5); // txPower

     mBuilder.addManufacturerData(76, mManufacturerData.array()); 
     mAdvertiseData = mBuilder.build();
}

- Christopher

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我是指索引为1的字节。-> mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0xAC); -> 替换为 mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0x15); - undefined

刚刚尝试了这些值，这个信标在 nrfConnect（一个蓝牙接收应用程序）中仍然显示为 AltBeacon。 - undefined

你能更新你的问题并且能够展示nrf应用程序中广告帧的原始视图吗？如果更改制造商ID，它将不再是Altbeacon。 - undefined

@user4757074 我刚刚检查了你的实现和截图。从我的角度来看，这是一个有效的iBeacon帧，绝对不是AltBeacon格式。你可以使用Beaconscanner进行验证：http://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bridou_n.beaconscanner - undefined

Beaconscanner检测到一个带有我的UUID的iBeacon，而且代码没有任何更改！！！ - undefined