如何在Ubuntu 20.04中安装python3-dev？

Question

我正在尝试在Ubuntu 20.04安装python3-dev，但遇到了以下错误：

$ sudo apt-get install python3-dev

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 python3-dev : Depends: python3.8-dev (>= 3.8.2-1~) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

这表明我需要首先安装python3.8-dev，因此我尝试安装该软件包，但失败并出现以下错误：

$ sudo apt-get install python3.8-dev

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 python3.8-dev : Depends: zlib1g-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

我又尝试安装包：zlib1g-dev，但也失败了：

$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 zlib1g-dev : Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1) but 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.2 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

最后，zlib1g已经安装了，但是zlib1g-dev需要不同版本的zlib1g。不过，似乎ubuntu 20.04没有这个版本：

$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g=1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1

Reading state information... Done
E: Version '1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1' for 'zlib1g' was not found

我现在能做些什么？

- Wei Li

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为什么不直接从源代码安装呢？ - MattDMo

尝试使用 sudo aptitude install <包名称>，它可能能解决你的问题。同时也尝试使用 sudo apt-get autoremove。 - Amin

感谢您的建议。sudo aptitude install 是有效的。通过提供的选项，我成功将 zlib1g 包降级到版本 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1 并安装了 python3-dev 包。 - Wei Li

Answer 1

在安装之前，您必须具备 root 权限。

sudo -i

那么

sudo apt-get install python3-dev

- stevejobs