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Tomcat 7无法在Eclipse中启动

javaeclipsespringtomcatspring-mvc
4
我正在尝试在Eclipse中运行Spring MVC Web应用程序，但是我遇到以下对话框错误：

请问有人能告诉我如何解决这个问题吗？以下是完整的堆栈跟踪：
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:22 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: list of lotsa files with their paths.
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:22 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:KnowledgeManager' did not find a matching property.
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:22 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:22 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:22 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 637 ms
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:22 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service Catalina
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:22 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.42
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
SEVERE: A child container failed during start      
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/KnowledgeManager]]  
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:222)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:83)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1123)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:800)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/KnowledgeManager]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    ... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ConfigurableApplicationContext
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2291)
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:1743)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.Introspection.getDeclaredFields(Introspection.java:106)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:263)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationListenerAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:92)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:65)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:405)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:881)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:376)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5322)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1714)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1559)
    ... 21 more
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
SEVERE: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:222)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:83)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1123)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:691)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:456)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1131)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:800)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 7 more
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
SEVERE: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:691)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:456)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1131)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 11 more
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
INFO: Stopping service Catalina
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
INFO: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Mar 18, 2014 2:03:23 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
INFO: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]

这是我在pom.xml文件中写下的spring-context依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
</dependency>

我还进行了 maven update project，maven download sources 和 eclipse clean project 操作，但这些操作都没有解决问题。
请问我该怎么做才能解决这个问题？
6个回答
5

这是异常的原因:

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext

您需要将 spring-context 和该工件依赖的所有jar添加到项目的类路径中，例如：
org.springframework spring-context ${org.springframework.version}
编辑： 右键单击项目->属性->部署程序集，并验证您的项目依赖项是否已部署到WEB-INF / lib：
编辑： 真正解决问题的是：右键单击服务器（在eclipse的服务器视图中）->清理+发布。
该依赖项已经以相同的语法存在于我的pom.xml中。我刚刚执行了maven update project，maven download source和eclipse clean project操作，但是class not found错误仍然存在。你还有什么其他建议吗？ - CodeMed
谢谢您深入了解。我刚刚在上面的原始帖子中添加了我的Eclipse部署组件的截图。还有别的想法吗？ - CodeMed
在服务器视图中右键单击服务器，进行简单的清理+发布可能会解决问题。我没有看到其他解决此问题的方法。您确定Maven已经下载了所有必需的依赖项吗？ - M. Abbas
谢谢你。我尝试在服务器上右键单击，然后进行“清理”，接着是“发布”，然后再次尝试“以...服务器运行”并加载应用程序，但出现了一个无关的错误，我计划单独解决。我将把您的回答标记为答案，但如果您将最新建议作为编辑添加到您的答案中，其他人可能会更容易地找到解决方案。 - CodeMed
我有另一个问题。你愿意帮我吗？这是链接：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23414314/unable-to-find-column-with-logical-name-of-embeddedid - CodeMed
3
我之前也遇到了同样的问题。这个问题是因为我的项目构建路径中没有添加通用日志 .jar 文件导致的。添加后，项目运行正常。
我不能确认你的答案。不过，谢谢你并+1为这个老问题增添了见解。 - CodeMed
1

那个堆栈跟踪清楚地显示了ClassNotFoundException

看起来你的类路径中没有找到Spring-context.jar

先尝试将该jar添加到你的类路径中。

+1，感谢您的帮助。问题的解决方法是在Eclipse中右键单击服务器，然后执行清理+发布操作。 - CodeMed
1

您能在项目的"Maven Dependencies"部分看到spring jars吗？

如果没有，可能是您的pom依赖定义出了问题，或者更新项目未成功完成。请尝试检查依赖关系定义并再次运行更新项目。

如果是这样，您是否尝试在服务器上执行"clean..."、"clean work directory"和"publish"操作？

希望对您有所帮助。

+1，感谢您的帮助。问题的解决方法是在Eclipse中右键单击服务器，然后执行清理+发布操作。 - CodeMed
0

请检查 web.xml 中的 URL 模式 /webapp/* 将 "webapp" 替换为您的路径名称

0

我曾经遇到过同样的问题，因为 pom.xml 文件中的某些依赖项已损坏。我通过简单地删除 .m2/repository 文件夹内容并按照以下步骤解决了这个问题。

  1. 运行 -> Maven clean。
  2. 运行 -> Maven Install。（使用良好的互联网服务提供商）。
  3. maven -> 更新项目。

希望这也能帮助到你。

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