我正在寻找最好的方法来阻止代理访问我的网站。这是因为我在我的项目中使用了唯一的IP地址。您会推荐什么?谢谢!
无法完全准确地确定连接到您的站点的人是否代理了其他人的请求。
您可以在实时处理中合理地做的最好的事情是查找 X-FORWARDED-FOR
HTTP 标头,其中 一些 代理将使用该标头告知您代理正在代表其连接的客户端的 IP 地址。
$headers = apache_request_headers();
$forwarded = $headers['X-Forwarded-For'];
互联网上有几种类型的代理,一些代码无法检测到所有代理。虚拟私人网络(VPN)、Web代理、Tor和开放代理是一些不能总是用常规工具检测到的代理的例子。处理和检测这些不同的代理的最佳方法是使用更新的这些代理地址的黑名单。一个例子是BlockScript。
我不知道有没有一种百分之百可靠的方法来做到这一点,但以下方法几乎是完整的:
if (get_ip_address() !== get_ip_address(true))
{
echo 'using proxy';
}
这个 get_ip_address() 函数是从这篇答案中调整过来的,代码如下:
function get_ip_address($proxy = false)
{
if ($proxy === true)
{
foreach (array('HTTP_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED', 'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_FORWARDED') as $key)
{
if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER) === true)
{
foreach (array_map('trim', explode(',', $_SERVER[$key])) as $ip)
{
if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV4 | FILTER_FLAG_IPV6 | FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false)
{
return $ip;
}
}
}
}
}
return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
我找到了一段从PhpMyAdmin中提取的代码,它利用PHP的一些功能来检测代理和代理后面的IP。对我来说,这段代码多次运行成功,但并非百分之百。我在这里贴出来供你测试和考虑。
当确定一个强大的代理或用户IP位于透明代理后面时,它返回FALSE。
请检查PhpMyAdmin的新版本以获取更新。
function get_ip()
{
global $REMOTE_ADDR;
global $HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR, $HTTP_X_FORWARDED, $HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR, $HTTP_FORWARDED;
global $HTTP_VIA, $HTTP_X_COMING_FROM, $HTTP_COMING_FROM;
global $HTTP_SERVER_VARS, $HTTP_ENV_VARS;
// Get some server/environment variables values
if(empty($REMOTE_ADDR))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER)&&isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']))
{
$REMOTE_ADDR = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV)&&isset($_ENV['REMOTE_ADDR']))
{
$REMOTE_ADDR = $_ENV['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_SERVER_VARS) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR']))
{
$REMOTE_ADDR = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS)&&isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR']))
{
$REMOTE_ADDR = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
elseif(@getenv('REMOTE_ADDR'))
{
$REMOTE_ADDR = getenv('REMOTE_ADDR');
}
} // end if
if(empty($HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV) && isset($_ENV['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = $_ENV['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_SERVER_VARS) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS) && isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(@getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR');
}
} // end if
if(empty($HTTP_X_FORWARDED))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV) && isset($_ENV['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED = $_ENV['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_SERVER_VARS) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS) && isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(@getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED'))
{
$HTTP_X_FORWARDED = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED');
}
} // end if
if(empty($HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV) && isset($_ENV['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR = $_ENV['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_SERVER_VARS) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS) && isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
elseif(@getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR = getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR');
}
} // end if
if(empty($HTTP_FORWARDED))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV) && isset($_ENV['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED = $_ENV['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_SERVER_VARS) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS) && isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
}
elseif(@getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED'))
{
$HTTP_FORWARDED = getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED');
}
} // end if
if(empty($HTTP_VIA))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_VIA']))
{
$HTTP_VIA = $_SERVER['HTTP_VIA'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV) && isset($_ENV['HTTP_VIA']))
{
$HTTP_VIA = $_ENV['HTTP_VIA'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_SERVER_VARS) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_VIA']))
{
$HTTP_VIA = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_VIA'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS) && isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_VIA']))
{
$HTTP_VIA = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_VIA'];
}
elseif(@getenv('HTTP_VIA'))
{
$HTTP_VIA = getenv('HTTP_VIA');
}
} // end if
if(empty($HTTP_X_COMING_FROM))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_X_COMING_FROM = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV) && isset($_ENV['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_X_COMING_FROM = $_ENV['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_SERVER_VARS) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_X_COMING_FROM = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS) && isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_X_COMING_FROM = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_X_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(@getenv('HTTP_X_COMING_FROM'))
{
$HTTP_X_COMING_FROM = getenv('HTTP_X_COMING_FROM');
}
} // end if
if(empty($HTTP_COMING_FROM))
{
if(!empty($_SERVER) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_COMING_FROM = $_SERVER['HTTP_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(!empty($_ENV) && isset($_ENV['HTTP_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_COMING_FROM = $_ENV['HTTP_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_COMING_FROM) && isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_COMING_FROM = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(!empty($HTTP_ENV_VARS) && isset($HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_COMING_FROM']))
{
$HTTP_COMING_FROM = $HTTP_ENV_VARS['HTTP_COMING_FROM'];
}
elseif(@getenv('HTTP_COMING_FROM'))
{
$HTTP_COMING_FROM = getenv('HTTP_COMING_FROM');
}
} // end if
// Gets the default ip sent by the user
if(!empty($REMOTE_ADDR))
{
$direct_ip = $REMOTE_ADDR;
}
// Gets the proxy ip sent by the user
$proxy_ip='';
if(!empty($HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR))$proxy_ip = $HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR;
elseif(!empty($HTTP_X_FORWARDED))$proxy_ip = $HTTP_X_FORWARDED;
elseif(!empty($HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR))$proxy_ip = $HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR;
elseif(!empty($HTTP_FORWARDED))$proxy_ip = $HTTP_FORWARDED;
elseif(!empty($HTTP_VIA))$proxy_ip = $HTTP_VIA;
elseif(!empty($HTTP_X_COMING_FROM))$proxy_ip = $HTTP_X_COMING_FROM;
elseif(!empty($HTTP_COMING_FROM))$proxy_ip = $HTTP_COMING_FROM;
// Returns the true IP if it has been found, else FALSE
if (empty($proxy_ip))
{
// True IP without proxy
return $direct_ip;
}
else
{
$is_ip = ereg('^([0-9]{1,3}\.){3,3}[0-9]{1,3}', $proxy_ip, $regs);
if($is_ip && (count($regs) > 0))
{
// True IP behind a proxy
return $regs[0];
}
else
{
// Can't define IP: there is a proxy but we don't have
// information about the true IP
return FALSE;
}
} // end if... else...
}
$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
相同。您甚至可以在应用程序开头编写 $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] = get_ip()
,它将正常工作! - Dan添加到 .htaccess 文件中
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP:VIA} !^$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:FORWARDED} !^$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:USERAGENT_VIA} !^$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:X_FORWARDED_FOR} !^$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:PROXY_CONNECTION} !^$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:XPROXY_CONNECTION} !^$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:HTTP_PC_REMOTE_ADDR} !^$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:HTTP_CLIENT_IP} !^$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ - [F]
这个问题在于,如果您拥有合法的IP并包含此标头,并使此标头胜过IP,则会得到不正确的结果。
将两者分别存储可能是值得的。