如何使用SQL Server返回带有非ASCII字符的行？
如果您能展示如何对一列执行此操作，那就太棒了。
我现在正在做类似于这样的事情，但它不起作用。
select *
from Staging.APARMRE1 as ar
where ar.Line like '%[^!-~ ]%'
如果能够跨越表中所有varchar列，那就更加出色了！在这个解决方案中，最好返回三列：
Id | FieldName | InvalidText |
----+-----------+-------------------+
25 | LastName | Solís |
56 | FirstName | François |
100 | Address1 | 123 Ümlaut street |
无效字符是指位于SPACE（3210）到~（12710）范围之外的任何字符。
这里提供了使用PATINDEX进行单列搜索的解决方案。
它还显示了StartPosition、InvalidCharacter和ASCII代码。
select line,
patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,Line) as [Position],
substring(line,patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,Line),1) as [InvalidCharacter],
ascii(substring(line,patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,Line),1)) as [ASCIICode]
from staging.APARMRE1
where patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,Line) >0
我一直成功地运行了这段代码
declare @UnicodeData table (
data nvarchar(500)
)
insert into
@UnicodeData
values
(N'Horse�')
,(N'Dog')
,(N'Cat')
select
data
from
@UnicodeData
where
data collate LATIN1_GENERAL_BIN != cast(data as varchar(max))
对于已知列，这很有效。
为了额外的积分，我编写了这个快速脚本来搜索给定表中的所有nvarchar列以查找Unicode字符。
declare
@sql varchar(max) = ''
,@table sysname = 'mytable' -- enter your table here
;with ColumnData as (
select
RowId = row_number() over (order by c.COLUMN_NAME)
,c.COLUMN_NAME
,ColumnName = '[' + c.COLUMN_NAME + ']'
,TableName = '[' + c.TABLE_SCHEMA + '].[' + c.TABLE_NAME + ']'
from
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c
where
c.DATA_TYPE = 'nvarchar'
and c.TABLE_NAME = @table
)
select
@sql = @sql + 'select FieldName = ''' + c.ColumnName + ''', InvalidCharacter = [' + c.COLUMN_NAME + '] from ' + c.TableName + ' where ' + c.ColumnName + ' collate LATIN1_GENERAL_BIN != cast(' + c.ColumnName + ' as varchar(max)) ' + case when c.RowId <> (select max(RowId) from ColumnData) then ' union all ' else '' end + char(13)
from
ColumnData c
-- check
-- print @sql
exec (@sql)
我不是动态SQL的粉丝，但它确实在像这样的探索性查询中有其用途。
可以尝试像这样：
DECLARE @YourTable table (PK int, col1 varchar(20), col2 varchar(20), col3 varchar(20));
INSERT @YourTable VALUES (1, 'ok','ok','ok');
INSERT @YourTable VALUES (2, 'BA'+char(182)+'D','ok','ok');
INSERT @YourTable VALUES (3, 'ok',char(182)+'BAD','ok');
INSERT @YourTable VALUES (4, 'ok','ok','B'+char(182)+'AD');
INSERT @YourTable VALUES (5, char(182)+'BAD','ok',char(182)+'BAD');
INSERT @YourTable VALUES (6, 'BAD'+char(182),'B'+char(182)+'AD','BAD'+char(182)+char(182)+char(182));
--if you have a Numbers table use that, other wise make one using a CTE
WITH AllNumbers AS
( SELECT 1 AS Number
UNION ALL
SELECT Number+1
FROM AllNumbers
WHERE Number<1000
)
SELECT
pk, 'Col1' BadValueColumn, CONVERT(varchar(20),col1) AS BadValue --make the XYZ in convert(varchar(XYZ), ...) the largest value of col1, col2, col3
FROM @YourTable y
INNER JOIN AllNumbers n ON n.Number <= LEN(y.col1)
WHERE ASCII(SUBSTRING(y.col1, n.Number, 1))<32 OR ASCII(SUBSTRING(y.col1, n.Number, 1))>127
UNION
SELECT
pk, 'Col2' BadValueColumn, CONVERT(varchar(20),col2) AS BadValue --make the XYZ in convert(varchar(XYZ), ...) the largest value of col1, col2, col3
FROM @YourTable y
INNER JOIN AllNumbers n ON n.Number <= LEN(y.col2)
WHERE ASCII(SUBSTRING(y.col2, n.Number, 1))<32 OR ASCII(SUBSTRING(y.col2, n.Number, 1))>127
UNION
SELECT
pk, 'Col3' BadValueColumn, CONVERT(varchar(20),col3) AS BadValue --make the XYZ in convert(varchar(XYZ), ...) the largest value of col1, col2, col3
FROM @YourTable y
INNER JOIN AllNumbers n ON n.Number <= LEN(y.col3)
WHERE ASCII(SUBSTRING(y.col3, n.Number, 1))<32 OR ASCII(SUBSTRING(y.col3, n.Number, 1))>127
order by 1
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 1000);
输出：
pk BadValueColumn BadValue
----------- -------------- --------------------
2 Col1 BA¶D
3 Col2 ¶BAD
4 Col3 B¶AD
5 Col1 ¶BAD
5 Col3 ¶BAD
6 Col1 BAD¶
6 Col2 B¶AD
6 Col3 BAD¶¶¶
(8 row(s) affected)
这个脚本搜索一个列中的非ASCII字符。它生成一个包含所有有效字符的字符串，这里使用代码点32到127。然后它搜索不符合列表的行：
declare @str varchar(128);
declare @i int;
set @str = '';
set @i = 32;
while @i <= 127
begin
set @str = @str + '|' + char(@i);
set @i = @i + 1;
end;
select col1
from YourTable
where col1 like '%[^' + @str + ']%' escape '|';
在一些真实的数据上运行各种解决方案-12M行varchar长度约为30，大约有9k个可疑的行，在执行过程中没有全文索引，patIndex解决方案是最快的，它还选择了最多的行。
（预先运行km.以将缓存设置为已知状态，运行3个进程，最后再次运行km- km的最后2次运行时间相差不到2秒）
Gerhard Weiss的patindex解决方案-运行时间0:38，返回9144行
select dodgyColumn from myTable fcc
WHERE patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,dodgyColumn ) >0
MT 提供的子字符串数字解决方案 -- 运行时间 1:16，返回了 8996 行结果
select dodgyColumn from myTable fcc
INNER JOIN dbo.Numbers32k dn ON dn.number<(len(fcc.dodgyColumn ))
WHERE ASCII(SUBSTRING(fcc.dodgyColumn , dn.Number, 1))<32
OR ASCII(SUBSTRING(fcc.dodgyColumn , dn.Number, 1))>127
Deon Robertson的UDF解决方案--运行时间3:47，返回7316行记录
select dodgyColumn
from myTable
where dbo.udf_test_ContainsNonASCIIChars(dodgyColumn , 1) = 1
查找哪个字段存在无效字符：
SELECT * FROM Staging.APARMRE1 FOR XML AUTO, TYPE
SELECT top 1 'char 31: '+char(31)+' (hex 0x1F)' field
from sysobjects
FOR XML AUTO, TYPE
当您编写 XML 文件并在验证时出现无效字符错误时，它非常有用。消息 6841，级别 16，状态 1，行 3 FOR XML 无法将节点“field”中包含的字符（0x001F）序列化为数据，因为这在 XML 中不允许。若要使用 FOR XML 检索此数据，请将其转换为二进制、varbinary 或图像数据类型，并使用 BINARY BASE64 指令。
网上有一个名为“解析字母数字”的用户定义函数。Google搜索“UDF解析字母数字”，您应该能够找到其代码。这个用户定义函数会删除所有不符合0-9、a-z和A-Z之间字符的内容。
Select * from Staging.APARMRE1 ar
where udf_parsealpha(ar.last_name) <> ar.last_name
这将为您带回任何具有无效字符的last_name记录...虽然您的奖励积分问题更具挑战性，但我认为一个case语句可以处理它。这是一些伪代码，我不确定它是否有效。
Select id, case when udf_parsealpha(ar.last_name) <> ar.last_name then 'last name'
when udf_parsealpha(ar.first_name) <> ar.first_name then 'first name'
when udf_parsealpha(ar.Address1) <> ar.last_name then 'Address1'
end,
case when udf_parsealpha(ar.last_name) <> ar.last_name then ar.last_name
when udf_parsealpha(ar.first_name) <> ar.first_name then ar.first_name
when udf_parsealpha(ar.Address1) <> ar.last_name then ar.Address1
end
from Staging.APARMRE1 ar
where udf_parsealpha(ar.last_name) <> ar.last_name or
udf_parsealpha(ar.first_name) <> ar.first_name or
udf_parsealpha(ar.Address1) <> ar.last_name
select id,fieldname,value from (
Select id,'last_name' as 'fieldname', last_name as 'value'
from Staging.APARMRE1 ar
Union
Select id,'first_name' as 'fieldname', first_name as 'value'
from Staging.APARMRE1 ar
---(and repeat unions for each field)
)
where udf_parsealpha(value) <> value
这里的好处是对于每一列，您只需要在此扩展union语句，而在使用case语句版本的脚本中，您需要为每一列重复三次该比较操作。
这是我编写的一个UDF，用于检测包含扩展ASCII字符的列。它非常快速，并且您可以扩展要检查的字符集。第二个参数允许您在检查标准字符集之外的任何内容或允许扩展集之间切换：
create function [dbo].[udf_ContainsNonASCIIChars]
(
@string nvarchar(4000),
@checkExtendedCharset bit
)
returns bit
as
begin
declare @pos int = 0;
declare @char varchar(1);
declare @return bit = 0;
while @pos < len(@string)
begin
select @char = substring(@string, @pos, 1)
if ascii(@char) < 32 or ascii(@char) > 126
begin
if @checkExtendedCharset = 1
begin
if ascii(@char) not in (9,124,130,138,142,146,150,154,158,160,170,176,180,181,183,184,185,186,192,193,194,195,196,197,199,200,201,202,203,204,205,206,207,209,210,211,212,213,214,216,217,218,219,220,221,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255)
begin
select @return = 1;
select @pos = (len(@string) + 1)
end
else
begin
select @pos = @pos + 1
end
end
else
begin
select @return = 1;
select @pos = (len(@string) + 1)
end
end
else
begin
select @pos = @pos + 1
end
end
return @return;
end
用法：
select Address1
from PropertyFile_English
where udf_ContainsNonASCIIChars(Address1, 1) = 1