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Hibernate通过JDBC Statement执行DDL时出现错误

javamysqlhibernatejdbc
58

我真的需要帮助，我在stackoverflow上搜索了所有的问题，但没有任何作用。我以前从未使用过hibernate，也不知道我做错了什么。
这是我的存储库：https://github.com/ionutincau/test_db

我得到了这个错误：

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\bin\java" "-javaagent:E:\Applications\IntelliJ\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2017.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=50372:E:\Applications\IntelliJ\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2017.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\rt.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\out\production\test_db;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\mysql-connector-java-5.1.41-bin.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\hibernate-core-5.2.9.Final.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\antlr-2.7.7.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\classmate-1.3.0.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\dom4j-1.6.1.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\hibernate-commons-annotations-5.0.1.Final.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\jandex-2.0.3.Final.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\javassist-3.20.0-GA.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.1.Final.jar;C:\Users\ionut\IdeaProjects\test_db\lib\hibernate-jpamodelgen-5.2.9.Final.jar" Main
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:50 PM org.hibernate.Version logVersion
INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {5.2.9.Final}
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:50 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:51 PM org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager <clinit>
INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.0.1.Final}
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:51 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
WARN: HHH10001002: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:51 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH10001005: using driver [com.mysql.jdbc.Driver] at URL [jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test]
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:51 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH10001001: Connection properties: {user=root, password=****}
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:51 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH10001003: Autocommit mode: false
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:51 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.PooledConnections <init>
INFO: HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 1 (min=1)
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:51 PM org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>
INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
Hibernate: drop table if exists User
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.DdlTransactionIsolatorNonJtaImpl getIsolatedConnection
INFO: HHH10001501: Connection obtained from JdbcConnectionAccess [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator$ConnectionProviderJdbcConnectionAccess@3a12c404] for (non-JTA) DDL execution was not in auto-commit mode; the Connection 'local transaction' will be committed and the Connection will be set into auto-commit mode.
Hibernate: create table User (userId integer not null, userName varchar(255), primary key (userId)) type=MyISAM
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.DdlTransactionIsolatorNonJtaImpl getIsolatedConnection
INFO: HHH10001501: Connection obtained from JdbcConnectionAccess [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator$ConnectionProviderJdbcConnectionAccess@59b38691] for (non-JTA) DDL execution was not in auto-commit mode; the Connection 'local transaction' will be committed and the Connection will be set into auto-commit mode.
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.ExceptionHandlerLoggedImpl handleException
WARN: GenerationTarget encountered exception accepting command : Error executing DDL via JDBC Statement
org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.CommandAcceptanceException: Error executing DDL via JDBC Statement
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:67)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applySqlString(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:440)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applySqlStrings(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:424)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.createFromMetadata(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:315)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.performCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:166)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:135)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:121)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.performDatabaseAction(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:155)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.process(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:72)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:309)
    at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:445)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:710)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:726)
    at Main.main(Main.java:19)
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'type=MyISAM' at line 1
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:408)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:943)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3973)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3909)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2527)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2680)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2497)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2455)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeInternal(StatementImpl.java:839)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.execute(StatementImpl.java:739)
    at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:54)
    ... 13 more

Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl applyImportSources
INFO: HHH000476: Executing import script 'org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.ScriptSourceInputNonExistentImpl@487db668'
Hibernate: insert into User (userName, userId) values (?, ?)
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
WARN: SQL Error: 1146, SQLState: 42S02
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
ERROR: Table 'test.user' doesn't exist
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.batch.internal.AbstractBatchImpl release
INFO: HHH000010: On release of batch it still contained JDBC statements
Apr 03, 2017 9:05:52 PM org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionMapperStandardImpl mapManagedFlushFailure
ERROR: HHH000346: Error during managed flush [org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute statement]
Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute statement
    at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:147)
    at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:155)
    at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:162)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.doFlush(SessionImpl.java:1434)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:484)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flushBeforeTransactionCompletion(SessionImpl.java:3190)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.beforeTransactionCompletion(SessionImpl.java:2404)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcCoordinatorImpl.beforeTransactionCompletion(JdbcCoordinatorImpl.java:467)
    at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.beforeCompletionCallback(JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.java:146)
    at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.access$100(JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.java:38)
    at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jdbc.internal.JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl$TransactionDriverControlImpl.commit(JdbcResourceLocalTransactionCoordinatorImpl.java:220)
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionImpl.commit(TransactionImpl.java:68)
    at Main.main(Main.java:23)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute statement
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:63)
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:42)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:111)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:97)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:208)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.batch.internal.NonBatchingBatch.addToBatch(NonBatchingBatch.java:45)
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3003)
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3503)
    at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityInsertAction.execute(EntityInsertAction.java:89)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:586)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:460)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:337)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:39)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.doFlush(SessionImpl.java:1428)
    ... 9 more
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'test.user' doesn't exist
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:408)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:943)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3973)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3909)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2527)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2680)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2501)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1858)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2079)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2013)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeLargeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:5104)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:1998)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:205)
    ... 18 more
请粘贴整个堆栈跟踪... System.out.println("Problem creating session factory"); 的输出在哪里？请粘贴相关代码而不是整个项目。 - SMA
根据堆栈跟踪，错误在您的SQL语法中；请检查与您的MariaDB服务器版本对应的手册，了解在第1行使用type=MyISAM的正确语法。 - JUAN CALVOPINA M
您的错误是“表'test.user'不存在”。 - SMA
2
这个表不存在，应该由Hibernate创建。如果我需要在数据库中创建表，使用Hibernate有什么意义呢？ - WhiteShadow
14个回答
104

当我试图创建Postgres中名为“User”的JPA实体时，出现了这个错误（该名称是保留的）。解决方法是通过@Table注释更改表名称：

@Entity
@Table(name="users")
public class User {..}

或者手动更改表名。

3
它解决了我的问题。即使使用@Table(name="user")也无法解决，所以我不得不将我的表名更改为users，这对我起作用了。 - Dipen
2
非常感谢@KirillCh！Postgres确实不支持用户表，然而MySQL和本地H2都支持... 参见此so问题。 - jonashackt
2
哦，天啊，我花了好几个小时来解决一个类似的问题。我一直在尝试创建一个名为 order 的表格，但是 Hibernate 抛出了同样的错误...唯一的解决方法就是将其变成复数形式，即在 order 后面加上 (s)，变成 orders ... 幸运的是，这样做成功了！ - securecurve
另外，我发现如果选择其他模式而不是“public”，则可以成功在其中创建“user”表。 - Kirill Ch
当我尝试创建请假表时，出现了这个问题，但是当我将表名更改为leaving时它就可以工作了... - Rasika Weragoda
1
我有一个名为“Order”的实体...但我希望我有一个大脑，“order”是SQL保留字.... - Pierluigi Vernetto
101

请在您的CFG文件中更改Hibernate方言。

<!-- SQL dialect -->
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
15
请确保您创建的表不使用数据库保留字，例如“group”，“order”，“limit”等。 - neaGaze
为什么需要这种方言？如果您有一个像org.hibernate.spatial.dialect.postgis.PostgisDialect这样的方言会怎样呢？我正在使用的项目就是这样，除了一些机器上不会抛出执行DDL错误。但我想知道为什么。 - SomeGuy
在我的情况下，这是一个重复的表名（显式表命名的复制粘贴）。 - lilalinux
@neaGaze 真是救星。我把“snapshot”作为表名使用了。不幸的是，MySQL日志并没有很友好地指出这一点。 - colmulhall
@neaGaze 非常感谢你...我一直在使用单词“group”... - Tom
26

在 application.properties 文件中添加此配置即可轻松解决此问题。

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.globally_quoted_identifiers=true
这个对我有效。 - Enchantres
1
这是最好的答案。大多数其他答案涉及覆盖生成的表名以避免与数据库关键字冲突，但这让您避免了在不想要表名不同的情况下覆盖表名的麻烦。 - Brian Pursley
它是做什么的？ - DragonKnight
12

当我试图创建一个名为"admin"的表时，我遇到了相同的错误。 然后我使用了@Table注释，并给表赋予了不同的名称，例如@Table(name = "admins")。我认为一些单词被保留了（就像Java中的关键字），因此您无法使用它们。

@Entity
@Table(name = "admins")
public class Admin extends TrackedEntity {

}
1
我同意你的看法，我也遇到了同样的问题。经过检查，我发现我使用了一个保留的Postgres单词作为列名！ - e2rabi
4
方言在最近的SQL中已被移除，因此请使用
  <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect"/>
1
此答案目前正在 Stack Overflow 的 meta 讨论中，被认为可能是剽窃的一种情况：https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/385693/duplicate-answer-flag-rejected - Matthew
1
我本意是用于最近的MySQL。对于最近的SQL，我们需要在方言的值中指定版本。由于我不被允许在上面的讨论中发表评论，所以我在这里添加。 - Sai Vankina
2

如果你正在使用MySQL数据库，请尝试查看其版本，以便在application.properties文件中配置方言。

如果你正在使用MySQL5，请尝试以下方法：

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect =org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect

如果您正在使用MySQL8，请尝试以下操作：

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect =org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect
2

在此需要做的第一件事情是，像@JavaLearner解释的那样纠正Hibernate方言版本。然后你需要确保你使用的所有Hibernate依赖项的版本都是最新的。通常你会需要：数据库驱动程序，如mysql-connector-java，Hibernate依赖项：hibernate-core和Hibernate实体管理器：hibernate-entitymanager。最后不要忘记检查你使用的数据库表是否为保留字，例如order，group，limit等等。 这可能会节省你很多麻烦。

1

我猜你正在使用旧版的Hibernate。你可以从这里下载最新版本，即5.2。

1

你需要小心，因为保留字不仅适用于表名，还要检查列名，我的错误是其中一个列名被命名为“user”。如果你正在使用PostgreSQL，则正确的方言是：org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect

干杯。

1

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update

将update改为create，然后运行它

再次安全运行后，将create改回update，这样所有表格都不会重新创建，您可以使用以前的数据

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