类型错误: __init__()缺少一个必需的位置参数 'figure'

Question

当我尝试通过以下代码绘制一个交互式图表时：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import PyQt5
%matplotlib qt
...
plt.plot(a_list,b_list)
plt.show()

我收到以下错误信息：

 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call
 last) <ipython-input-49-187dd4fead7a> in <module>()
 ----> 1 plt.plot(parameters['eng_list'],np.real(conductivity))
       2 plt.plot(parameters['eng_list'],np.imag(conductivity))
       3 plt.show()

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py in plot(*args,
 **kwargs)    3305 @_autogen_docstring(Axes.plot)    3306 def plot(*args, **kwargs):
 -> 3307     ax = gca()    3308     # Deprecated: allow callers to override the hold state    3309     # by passing hold=True|False

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py in gca(**kwargs)
     948     matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca : The figure's gca method.
     949     """
 --> 950     return gcf().gca(**kwargs)
     951 
     952 # More ways of creating axes:

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py in gcf()
     584         return figManager.canvas.figure
     585     else:
 --> 586         return figure()
     587 
     588 

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py in figure(num,
 figsize, dpi, facecolor, edgecolor, frameon, FigureClass, **kwargs)
     533                                         frameon=frameon,
     534                                         FigureClass=FigureClass,
 --> 535                                         **kwargs)
     536 
     537         if figLabel:

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt4agg.py
 in new_figure_manager(num, *args, **kwargs)
      44     FigureClass = kwargs.pop('FigureClass', Figure)
      45     thisFig = FigureClass(*args, **kwargs)
 ---> 46     return new_figure_manager_given_figure(num, thisFig)
      47 
      48 

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt4agg.py
 in new_figure_manager_given_figure(num, figure)
      51     Create a new figure manager instance for the given figure.
      52     """
 ---> 53     canvas = FigureCanvasQTAgg(figure)
      54     return FigureManagerQT(canvas, num)
      55 

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt4agg.py
 in __init__(self, figure)
      74         if DEBUG:
      75             print('FigureCanvasQtAgg: ', figure)
 ---> 76         FigureCanvasQT.__init__(self, figure)
      77         FigureCanvasQTAggBase.__init__(self, figure)
      78         FigureCanvasAgg.__init__(self, figure)

 C:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt4.py in
 __init__(self, figure)
      64 
      65         # Note different super-calling style to backend_qt5
 ---> 66         QtWidgets.QWidget.__init__(self)
      67         FigureCanvasBase.__init__(self, figure)
      68         self.figure = figure

 TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'figure'

我正在使用Windows电脑上的Jupyter笔记本。使用%matplotlib inline一切正常，可以生成内嵌图片，但使用%matplotlib qt时就不行了。

- Xiaoyu Liu

---

当我运行这段代码时：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43573364/find-out-whether-pyqt-qpushbutton-is-checked-using-self-sender，我遇到了这个错误：```QtWidgets.QWidget.__init__(self) TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'figure'。我该怎么办？%matplotlib qt5```也给我报错了。 - just_learning

Answer 1

似乎是matplotlib的qt4后端存在问题。根据您的代码，似乎您已经安装了qt5，因此您可以直接使用以下命令：

%matplotlib qt5

- MSeifert

---

重启内核更改为qt5后，它可以正常工作。非常感谢！ - Xiaoyu Liu