我一直在研究如何使用JasperReports（6.0.0）和Spring MVC（4.1.3）生成PDF报告。Spring提供了许多“Spring特定”的集成方式，用于生成PDF报告：
JasperReportsPdfView依赖于现已弃用的JasperReport功能JasperReportsMultiFormatViewJasperReportsViewResolver我很难在网上找到好的、完整的示例，因此想分享我的发现（请参见下面的答案）。
欢迎添加其他与“如何将JasperReports与Spring4集成？”相关的方法和/或改进。
根据我的研究，我发现以下使用方法。这些方法从最直接（天真）的方法开始，涉及更少的前端复杂性/配置，并发展成为更抽象的方法，但对Spring有更多的依赖/更复杂的Spring配置。
只需将内容写入servlet输出流即可。
@RequestMapping(value = "helloReport1", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public void getRpt1(HttpServletResponse response) throws JRException, IOException {
InputStream jasperStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/jasperreports/HelloWorld1.jasper");
Map<String,Object> params = new HashMap<>();
JasperReport jasperReport = (JasperReport) JRLoader.loadObject(jasperStream);
JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport, params, new JREmptyDataSource());
response.setContentType("application/x-pdf");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "inline; filename=helloWorldReport.pdf");
final OutputStream outStream = response.getOutputStream();
JasperExportManager.exportReportToPdfStream(jasperPrint, outStream);
}
假设已有JasperReportsPdfView bean:
@Bean @Qualifier("helloWorldReport2")
public JasperReportsPdfView getHelloWorldReport() {
JasperReportsPdfView v = new JasperReportsPdfView();
v.setUrl("classpath:jasperreports/HelloWorld2.jasper");
v.setReportDataKey("datasource");
return v;
}
这个视图可以被注入或者连接到控制器中进行使用：
@Autowired @Qualifier("helloWorldReport2")
private JasperReportsPdfView helloReport;
@RequestMapping(value = "helloReport2", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView getRpt2(ModelAndView modelAndView) {
Map<String, Object> parameterMap = new HashMap<>();
parameterMap.put("datasource", new JREmptyDataSource());
modelAndView = new ModelAndView(helloReport, parameterMap);
return modelAndView;
}
请注意，使用JasperReportsPdfView（或更加灵活的JasperReportsMultiFormatView）需要依赖于spring-context-support：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.1.3</version>
</dependency>
配置一个新的视图解析器，例如ResourceBundleViewResolver，在InternalResourceViewResolver之前运行。这基于设置的顺序值（0先于1）：
@Bean
public ResourceBundleViewResolver getResourceBundleViewResolver() {
ResourceBundleViewResolver resolver = new ResourceBundleViewResolver();
resolver.setBasename("jasperreport-views");
resolver.setOrder(0);
return resolver;
}
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver getInternalResourceViewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
resolver.setOrder(1);
return resolver;
}
然后，在我们的类路径的根目录下，jasperreport-views.properties 文件可以包含逻辑视图名称与相关类和属性值（即url和reportDataKey）配对，以便呈现JasperReport：
helloReport3.(class)=org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jasperreports.JasperReportsPdfView
helloReport3.url=classpath:/jasperreports/HelloWorld3.jasper
helloReport3.reportDataKey=myDataSourceKey
控制器代码如下所示：
@RequestMapping(value = "helloReport3", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView getRpt3(ModelMap modelMap, ModelAndView modelAndView) {
modelMap.put("myDataSourceKey", new JREmptyDataSource());
return new ModelAndView("helloReport3", modelMap);
}
我喜欢这种方法。控制器保持“愚笨”，只与字符串值打交道，名称到视图的映射可以在一个位置完成。
配置一个零序的JasperReportViewResolver，关键是使用setViewNames来告诉Spring您希望这个解析器处理哪些逻辑视图名称（否则您将遇到“无法从类路径资源[jasperreports / index.jasper]”类型错误）：
@Bean
public JasperReportsViewResolver getJasperReportsViewResolver() {
JasperReportsViewResolver resolver = new JasperReportsViewResolver();
resolver.setPrefix("classpath:/jasperreports/");
resolver.setSuffix(".jasper");
resolver.setReportDataKey("datasource");
resolver.setViewNames("rpt_*");
resolver.setViewClass(JasperReportsMultiFormatView.class);
resolver.setOrder(0);
return resolver;
}
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver getInternalResourceViewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
resolver.setOrder(1);
return resolver;
}
在控制器中：
@RequestMapping(value = "helloReport4", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView getRpt4(ModelMap modelMap, ModelAndView modelAndView) {
modelMap.put("datasource", getWidgets());
modelMap.put("format", "pdf");
modelAndView = new ModelAndView("rpt_HelloWorld", modelMap);
return modelAndView;
}
这是我首选的方法。控制器解析jasper报表与使用InternalResourceViewResolver解析jsp视图非常相似，因此不需要像以上第3种方法中使用xml或属性文件一样进行显式映射。
编辑
JasperReportsPdfView的Java文档提到它使用已弃用的JRExporter API。有没有更好（更新）的JasperReports视图可供使用？也许选择JasperReportsMultiFormatView是更好的选择，因为它似乎没有使用JRExporter。
我的方法：
@RequestMapping(value="getPDF", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public void generatePDF(int idPredstave, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
Predstava p = pr.findById(idPredstave).get();
List<Uloga> uloge = ur.findByPredstava(p);
response.setContentType("text/html");
JRBeanCollectionDataSource dataSource = new JRBeanCollectionDataSource(uloge);
InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/jasperreports/Uloge.jrxml");
JasperReport jasperReport = JasperCompileManager.compileReport(inputStream);
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
params.put("nazivPredstave", p.getNaziv());
params.put("trajanje", p.getTrajanje());
params.put("opis", p.getOpis());
params.put("zanr", p.getZanr().getNaziv());
params.put("reziser", p.getReziser().getIme()+" "+p.getReziser().getPrezime());
JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport, params, dataSource);
inputStream.close();
response.setContentType("application/x-download");
response.addHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=Uloge.pdf");
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
JasperExportManager.exportReportToPdfStream(jasperPrint,out);
}