include_directories 或 link_directories ），而是使用 find_package（）代替。
问题是，为生成的gtest makefile没有安装目标。我无法理解 find_package（GTest REQUIRED）如何在没有某种安装的情况下运行。此外，将gtest文件夹放置在我的项目子文件夹中是不可能的。
谢谢任何帮助。cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.7 FATAL_ERROR)
project(Test)
# Create main.cpp which uses gtest
file(WRITE src/main.cpp "#include \"gtest/gtest.h\"\n\n")
file(APPEND src/main.cpp "TEST(A, B) { SUCCEED(); }\n")
file(APPEND src/main.cpp "int main(int argc, char **argv) {\n")
file(APPEND src/main.cpp " testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);\n")
file(APPEND src/main.cpp " return RUN_ALL_TESTS();\n")
file(APPEND src/main.cpp "}\n")
# Create patch file for gtest with MSVC 2012
if(MSVC_VERSION EQUAL 1700)
file(WRITE gtest.patch "Index: cmake/internal_utils.cmake\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch "===================================================================\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch "--- cmake/internal_utils.cmake (revision 660)\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch "+++ cmake/internal_utils.cmake (working copy)\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch "@@ -66,6 +66,9 @@\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch " # Resolved overload was found by argument-dependent lookup.\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch " set(cxx_base_flags \"\${cxx_base_flags} -wd4675\")\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch " endif()\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch "+ if (MSVC_VERSION EQUAL 1700)\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch "+ set(cxx_base_flags \"\${cxx_base_flags} -D_VARIADIC_MAX=10\")\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch "+ endif ()\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch " set(cxx_base_flags \"\${cxx_base_flags} -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -DWIN32 -D_WIN32\")\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch " set(cxx_base_flags \"\${cxx_base_flags} -DSTRICT -DWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN\")\n")
file(APPEND gtest.patch " set(cxx_exception_flags \"-EHsc -D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=1\")\n")
else()
file(WRITE gtest.patch "")
endif()
# Enable ExternalProject CMake module
include(ExternalProject)
# Set the build type if it isn't already
if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)
endif()
# Set default ExternalProject root directory
set_directory_properties(PROPERTIES EP_PREFIX ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/ThirdParty)
# Add gtest
ExternalProject_Add(
googletest
SVN_REPOSITORY http://googletest.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/
SVN_REVISION -r 660
TIMEOUT 10
PATCH_COMMAND svn patch ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/gtest.patch ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/ThirdParty/src/googletest
# Force separate output paths for debug and release builds to allow easy
# identification of correct lib in subsequent TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES commands
CMAKE_ARGS -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}
-DCMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_DEBUG:PATH=DebugLibs
-DCMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE:PATH=ReleaseLibs
-Dgtest_force_shared_crt=ON
# Disable install step
INSTALL_COMMAND ""
# Wrap download, configure and build steps in a script to log output
LOG_DOWNLOAD ON
LOG_CONFIGURE ON
LOG_BUILD ON)
# Specify include dir
ExternalProject_Get_Property(googletest source_dir)
include_directories(${source_dir}/include)
# Add compiler flag for MSVC 2012
if(MSVC_VERSION EQUAL 1700)
add_definitions(-D_VARIADIC_MAX=10)
endif()
# Add test executable target
add_executable(MainTest ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main.cpp)
# Create dependency of MainTest on googletest
add_dependencies(MainTest googletest)
# Specify MainTest's link libraries
ExternalProject_Get_Property(googletest binary_dir)
if(MSVC)
set(Suffix ".lib")
else()
set(Suffix ".a")
set(Pthread "-pthread")
endif()
target_link_libraries(
MainTest
debug ${binary_dir}/DebugLibs/${CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_PREFIXES}gtest${Suffix}
optimized ${binary_dir}/ReleaseLibs/${CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_PREFIXES}gtest${Suffix}
${Pthread})
MyTest）中创建了这个文件并命名为 CMakeLists.txt，那么：cd MyTest
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
这将在MyTest/src中创建一个基本的main.cpp文件，并在Windows平台上创建一个项目文件(MyTest/build/Test.sln)。
在构建项目时，它应该会下载gtest源代码到MyTest/build/ThirdParty/src/googletest，并在MyTest/build/ThirdParty/src/googletest-build中构建它们。然后您应该能够成功运行MainTest目标。
ExternalProject来下载gtest源代码，然后使用add_subdirectory()将其添加到您的构建中。这样做有以下优点：
https://crascit.com/2015/07/25/cmake-gtest/
更新：上述方法现在也包含在googletest文档中。 （链接）ExternalProject_Add 调用中添加了 CMAKE_ARGS，以便它可以与 msvc 一起使用。include(ExternalProject)
# variables to help keep track of gtest paths
set(GTEST_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/gtest")
set(GTEST_LOCATION "${GTEST_PREFIX}/src/GTestExternal-build")
set(GTEST_INCLUDES "${GTEST_PREFIX}/src/GTestExternal/include")
# external project download and build (no install for gtest)
ExternalProject_Add(GTestExternal
URL ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../googletest
PREFIX "${GTEST_PREFIX}"
# cmake arguments
CMAKE_ARGS -Dgtest_force_shared_crt=ON
# Disable install step
INSTALL_COMMAND ""
# Wrap download, configure and build steps in a script to log output
LOG_DOWNLOAD ON
LOG_CONFIGURE ON
LOG_BUILD ON
)
# variables defining the import location properties for the generated gtest and
# gtestmain libraries
if (MSVC)
set(GTEST_IMPORTED_LOCATION
IMPORTED_LOCATION_DEBUG "${GTEST_LOCATION}/Debug/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
IMPORTED_LOCATION_RELEASE "${GTEST_LOCATION}/Release/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
)
set(GTESTMAIN_IMPORTED_LOCATION
IMPORTED_LOCATION_DEBUG "${GTEST_LOCATION}/Debug/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest_main${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
IMPORTED_LOCATION_RELEASE "${GTEST_LOCATION}/Release/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest_main${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
)
else()
set(GTEST_IMPORTED_LOCATION
IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GTEST_LOCATION}/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
set(GTESTMAIN_IMPORTED_LOCATION
IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GTEST_LOCATION}/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest_main${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
endif()
# the gtest include directory exists only after it is build, but it is used/needed
# for the set_target_properties call below, so make it to avoid an error
file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${GTEST_INCLUDES})
# define imported library GTest
add_library(GTest IMPORTED STATIC GLOBAL)
set_target_properties(GTest PROPERTIES
INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GTEST_INCLUDES}"
IMPORTED_LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES "${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT}"
${GTEST_IMPORTED_LOCATION}
)
# define imported library GTestMain
add_library(GTestMain IMPORTED STATIC GLOBAL)
set_target_properties(GTestMain PROPERTIES
IMPORTED_LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES GTest
${GTESTMAIN_IMPORTED_LOCATION}
)
# make GTest depend on GTestExternal
add_dependencies(GTest GTestExternal)
#
# My targets
#
project(test_pipeline)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} test_pipeline.cpp)
set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTIES DEBUG_POSTFIX ${CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${TBB_LIBRARIES})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} GTest)
CMAKE_ARGS -Dgtest_force_shared_crt=ON 会导致 gtest 使用 /MD 编译。 - Phil使用ExternalProject模块和cmake的导入库功能，有一种不太复杂的解决方案。它从代码库中检出代码，构建它并从构建的静态库创建目标（在我的系统上它们是libgtest.a和libgtest_main.a）。
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
include(ExternalProject)
set(GTEST_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/gtest")
ExternalProject_Add(GTestExternal
SVN_REPOSITORY http://googletest.googlecode.com/svn/trunk
SVN_REVISION -r HEAD
TIMEOUT 10
PREFIX "${GTEST_PREFIX}"
INSTALL_COMMAND "")
set(LIBPREFIX "${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}")
set(LIBSUFFIX "${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
set(GTEST_LOCATION "${GTEST_PREFIX}/src/GTestExternal-build")
set(GTEST_INCLUDES "${GTEST_PREFIX}/src/GTestExternal/include")
set(GTEST_LIBRARY "${GTEST_LOCATION}/${LIBPREFIX}gtest${LIBSUFFIX}")
set(GTEST_MAINLIB "${GTEST_LOCATION}/${LIBPREFIX}gtest_main${LIBSUFFIX}")
add_library(GTest IMPORTED STATIC GLOBAL)
set_target_properties(GTest PROPERTIES
IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GTEST_LIBRARY}"
INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GTEST_INCLUDES}"
IMPORTED_LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES "${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT}")
add_library(GTestMain IMPORTED STATIC GLOBAL)
set_target_properties(GTestMain PROPERTIES
IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GTEST_MAINLIB}"
IMPORTED_LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES
"${GTEST_LIBRARY};${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT}")
add_dependencies(GTest GTestExternal)
您可能想要替换SVN_REVISION或在此处添加LOG_CONFIGURE和LOG_BUILD选项。创建GTest和GTestMain目标后，可以像这样使用它们：
add_executable(Test
test1.cc
test2.cc)
target_link_libraries(Test GTestMain)
或者，如果你有自己的 main() 函数：
add_executable(Test
main.cc
test1.cc
test2.cc)
target_link_libraries(Test GTest)
INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES属性。 - firegurafikuCMAKE_ARGS和CMAKE_CACHE_ARGS参数传递给ExternalProject_Add。也许在存在像Catch和Boost.Test这样的头文件库时，使用GoogleTest可能不是一个好主意。 - firegurafiku#Requires CMake 3.16+
include(FetchContent)
FetchContent_Declare(
googletest
GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/googletest.git
GIT_TAG release-1.8.0
)
FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
# Requires CMake 3.11+
include(FetchContent)
FetchContent_Declare(
googletest
GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/googletest.git
GIT_TAG release-1.8.0
)
FetchContent_GetProperties(googletest)
if(NOT googletest_POPULATED)
FetchContent_Populate(googletest)
add_subdirectory(${googletest_SOURCE_DIR} ${googletest_BINARY_DIR})
endif()
enable_testing()
add_executable(test ${SOURCES} )
target_link_libraries(test gtest_main ${YOUR_LIBS})
add_test(NAME tests COMMAND test)
当您通过以下方式获取libgtest-dev软件包时
sudo apt install libgtest-dev
源代码存储在位置 /usr/src/googletest
您可以简单地将您的 CMakeLists.txt 指向该目录，以便它能够找到必要的依赖项
类似以下内容
add_subdirectory(/usr/src/googletest gtest)
target_link_libraries(your_executable gtest)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY引入它。（在您最初的问题中，您明确指出这不是一个选项）。 - FraserADD_SUBDIRECTORY选项，你的源代码树中将包含第三方源代码，而ExternalProject_Add则将第三方代码放在（可丢弃的）构建树中，因此你的源代码树仅包含自己的源代码。但最终选择取决于您 - 我并不真的强烈推荐其中之一。 - Fraser