C#反序列化程序返回空对象。

4
我尝试对XML进行反序列化,但返回的对象为空。 通过搜索,我发现可能是根元素或注释的问题,因此我尝试更改它(XmlType、XmlRoot(ElementName="...")),但没有效果。 我在stackoverflow上阅读了几篇帖子,但仍然没有找到解决方案。
我的XML如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<VerificationResult>
  <Result code="0">TestResult</Result>
  <Description code="0000">TestDescription</Description>
  <SignatureID>TestSignatureID</SignatureID>
  <SigningTime>2019-02-02T14:16:13.186+01:00</SigningTime>
  <VerificationTime>2019-02-24T20:48:12Z</VerificationTime>
  <SigningCertificate certificateType="testcerttype">
    <Subject>CN=TestCN,OU=TestOU,O=TestO,C=TestC</Subject>
    <Issuer>CN=Digital Identification CA</Issuer>
    <Serial>45371416337571480875599671644328045627</Serial>
    <ValidFrom>2018-08-30T10:48:02Z</ValidFrom>
    <ValidTo>2021-08-29T10:48:02Z</ValidTo>
    <Base64Binary>
      base64binaryString
    </Base64Binary>
  </SigningCertificate>
  <RevocationInfo>
    <CRL>
      <Issuer>TestIssuer</Issuer>
      <CRLSerialNumber>9999999</CRLSerialNumber>
      <CRLThisUpdate>2019-03-24T10:40:51Z</CRLThisUpdate>
    </CRL>
  </RevocationInfo>
</VerificationResult>

和类:

[XmlRoot("VerificationResult")]
public class VerResult
{
    [XmlType("Result")]
    public class Result
    {
        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "code")]
        public string Code { get; set; }

        [XmlText]
        public string Text { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlType("Description")]
    public class Description
    {
        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "code")]
        public string Code { get; set; }

        [XmlText]
        public string Text { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlType("SigningCertificate")]
    public class SigningCertificate
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Subject")]
        public string Subject { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Issuer")]
        public string Issuer { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Serial")]
        public string Serial { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "ValidFrom")]
        public string ValidFrom { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "ValidTo")]
        public string ValidTo { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Base64Binary")]
        public string Base64Binary { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "certificateType")]
        public string CertificateType { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlType("CRL")]
    public class CRL
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Issuer")]
        public string Issuer { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "CRLSerialNumber")]
        public string CRLSerialNumber { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "CRLThisUpdate")]
        public string CRLThisUpdate { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlType("RevocationInfo")]
    public class RevocationInfo
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "CRL")]
        public CRL CRL { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlType("VerificationResult")]
    public class VerificationResult
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Result")]
        public Result Result { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Description")]
        public Description Description { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "SignatureID")]
        public string SignatureID { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "SigningTime")]
        public string SigningTime { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "VerificationTime")]
        public string VerificationTime { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "SigningCertificate")]
        public SigningCertificate SigningCertificate { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "RevocationInfo")]
        public RevocationInfo RevocationInfo { get; set; }
    }
}

以下反序列化器返回空对象。

 public T Deserialize<T>(string input) where T : class
 {
     System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer ser = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

      using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(input))
      {
          return (T)ser.Deserialize(sr);
      }
  }

哪一部分是空的?Deserialize 的返回值?还是其他的什么地方? - Marc Gravell
var s = Deserialize<VerificationResult>(xml); 返回空对象。 - XavrasX
不,它不会;在我发布答案之前,我进行了测试。它返回一个没有成员的非空实例;在我的答案中,我添加了成员。我认为xmlserializer 永远 不会为根对象返回null(除非使用xsi:nil,也许?)。你有一个实际的最小复现吗?因为当我运行代码时,情况并非如此。 - Marc Gravell
2个回答

2
你可以使用Visual Studio的特殊粘贴功能(Edit -> Paste Special -> Paste XML As Classes)从你的XML生成对应的类。(当然还有其他方法,比如使用dynamic,但你可能不想要(也不应该)使用。)
不过,如果这样做,我会得到以下类作为结果,它们可以正确地处理你的XML,因此你可能在命名或结构方面存在一些问题。(当然,你可以优化生成的类,比如摆脱所有的字段,但我希望这能有所帮助):
// NOTE: Generated code may require at least .NET Framework 4.5 or .NET Core/Standard 2.0.
/// <remarks/>
[Serializable()]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlType(AnonymousType = true)]
[XmlRoot(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]
public partial class VerificationResult
{
    private VerificationResultResult resultField;
    private VerificationResultDescription descriptionField;
    private string signatureIDField;
    private DateTime signingTimeField;
    private DateTime verificationTimeField;
    private VerificationResultSigningCertificate signingCertificateField;
    private VerificationResultRevocationInfo revocationInfoField;

    /// <remarks/>
    public VerificationResultResult Result
    {
        get
        {
            return this.resultField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.resultField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public VerificationResultDescription Description
    {
        get
        {
            return this.descriptionField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.descriptionField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public string SignatureID
    {
        get
        {
            return this.signatureIDField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.signatureIDField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public DateTime SigningTime
    {
        get
        {
            return this.signingTimeField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.signingTimeField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public DateTime VerificationTime
    {
        get
        {
            return this.verificationTimeField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.verificationTimeField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public VerificationResultSigningCertificate SigningCertificate
    {
        get
        {
            return this.signingCertificateField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.signingCertificateField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public VerificationResultRevocationInfo RevocationInfo
    {
        get
        {
            return this.revocationInfoField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.revocationInfoField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[Serializable()]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlType(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class VerificationResultResult
{
    private byte codeField;
    private string valueField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [XmlAttribute()]
    public byte code
    {
        get
        {
            return this.codeField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.codeField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [XmlText()]
    public string Value
    {
        get
        {
            return this.valueField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.valueField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[Serializable()]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlType(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class VerificationResultDescription
{
    private byte codeField;
    private string valueField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [XmlAttribute()]
    public byte code
    {
        get
        {
            return this.codeField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.codeField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [XmlText()]
    public string Value
    {
        get
        {
            return this.valueField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.valueField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[Serializable()]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlType(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class VerificationResultSigningCertificate
{
    private string subjectField;
    private string issuerField;
    private string serialField;
    private DateTime validFromField;
    private DateTime validToField;
    private string base64BinaryField;
    private string certificateTypeField;

    /// <remarks/>
    public string Subject
    {
        get
        {
            return this.subjectField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.subjectField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public string Issuer
    {
        get
        {
            return this.issuerField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.issuerField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [XmlElement(DataType = "integer")]
    public string Serial
    {
        get
        {
            return this.serialField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.serialField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public DateTime ValidFrom
    {
        get
        {
            return this.validFromField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.validFromField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public DateTime ValidTo
    {
        get
        {
            return this.validToField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.validToField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public string Base64Binary
    {
        get
        {
            return this.base64BinaryField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.base64BinaryField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [XmlAttribute()]
    public string certificateType
    {
        get
        {
            return this.certificateTypeField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.certificateTypeField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[Serializable()]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlType(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class VerificationResultRevocationInfo
{
    private VerificationResultRevocationInfoCRL cRLField;

    /// <remarks/>
    public VerificationResultRevocationInfoCRL CRL
    {
        get
        {
            return this.cRLField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.cRLField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[Serializable()]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlType(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class VerificationResultRevocationInfoCRL
{
    private string issuerField;
    private uint cRLSerialNumberField;
    private DateTime cRLThisUpdateField;

    /// <remarks/>
    public string Issuer
    {
        get
        {
            return this.issuerField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.issuerField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public uint CRLSerialNumber
    {
        get
        {
            return this.cRLSerialNumberField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.cRLSerialNumberField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    public DateTime CRLThisUpdate
    {
        get
        {
            return this.cRLThisUpdateField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.cRLThisUpdateField = value;
        }
    }
}

1
嗨。它运行了!非常感谢。有一件事 - 在反序列化器类中需要用StreamReader替换StringReader。 - XavrasX

0
你需要实例成员,而不仅仅是类型,来表示各种元素。例如:
[XmlRoot("VerificationResult")]
public class VerResult
{
    public Result Result { get; set; }
    public Description Description { get; set; }
    public string SignatureID { get; set; }
    public DateTime SigningTime { get; set; }
    public DateTime VerificationTime { get; set; }
    public SigningCertificate SigningCertificate { get; set; }
    public RevocationInfo RevocationInfo { get; set; }
}

(在这里,我已将嵌套类型移出,以避免命名冲突)

完成后:数据可以很好地反序列化。


不是很理解 - 有公共类比如 Result,还有私有的 Result? - XavrasX
@xavrasx,你正在声明类型,但你需要拥有这些类型的成员(最好是属性);目前你还没有任何成员;这段代码会添加它们。 - Marc Gravell
感谢解释,现在理解了 :) 最好的祝福 - XavrasX

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