我正在编写的某个网站同时使用了ASP.NET MVC和WebForms。
我有一个部分视图,想将其包含在一个WebForm中。该部分视图中有一些需要在服务器端处理的代码,因此使用Response.WriteFile无法正常工作。同时,需要确保在禁用JavaScript的情况下仍能正常使用。
我该怎么做呢?
我正在编写的某个网站同时使用了ASP.NET MVC和WebForms。
我有一个部分视图,想将其包含在一个WebForm中。该部分视图中有一些需要在服务器端处理的代码,因此使用Response.WriteFile无法正常工作。同时,需要确保在禁用JavaScript的情况下仍能正常使用。
我该怎么做呢?
我查看了MVC源代码,试图弄清楚如何做到这一点。控制器上下文、视图、视图数据、路由数据和HTML渲染方法之间似乎存在非常紧密的耦合关系。
基本上,为了实现这一点,您需要创建所有这些额外的元素。其中一些相对简单(例如视图数据),但有些则更加复杂——例如路由数据将考虑当前的WebForms页面被忽略。
最大的问题似乎是HttpContext——MVC页面依赖于HttpContextBase(而不是像WebForms那样使用HttpContext),虽然两者都实现了IServiceProvider,但它们并没有关联。MVC的设计者故意决定不改变传统的WebForms以使用新的上下文基类,但是他们提供了一个包装器。
这个包装器可以让您向WebForm添加一个部分视图:
public class WebFormController : Controller { }
public static class WebFormMVCUtil
{
public static void RenderPartial( string partialName, object model )
{
//get a wrapper for the legacy WebForm context
var httpCtx = new HttpContextWrapper( System.Web.HttpContext.Current );
//create a mock route that points to the empty controller
var rt = new RouteData();
rt.Values.Add( "controller", "WebFormController" );
//create a controller context for the route and http context
var ctx = new ControllerContext(
new RequestContext( httpCtx, rt ), new WebFormController() );
//find the partial view using the viewengine
var view = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView( ctx, partialName ).View;
//create a view context and assign the model
var vctx = new ViewContext( ctx, view,
new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model },
new TempDataDictionary() );
//render the partial view
view.Render( vctx, System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Output );
}
}
然后在您的Web表单中,您可以这样做:
<% WebFormMVCUtil.RenderPartial( "ViewName", this.GetModel() ); %>
//Render a partial view, like Keith's solution
private static void RenderPartial(string partialViewName, object model)
{
HttpContextBase httpContextBase = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
RouteData routeData = new RouteData();
routeData.Values.Add("controller", "Dummy");
ControllerContext controllerContext = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpContextBase, routeData), new DummyController());
IView view = FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName);
ViewContext viewContext = new ViewContext(controllerContext, view, new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, new TempDataDictionary(), httpContextBase.Response.Output);
view.Render(viewContext, httpContextBase.Response.Output);
}
//Find the view, if not throw an exception
private static IView FindPartialView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialViewName)
{
ViewEngineResult result = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName);
if (result.View != null)
{
return result.View;
}
StringBuilder locationsText = new StringBuilder();
foreach (string location in result.SearchedLocations)
{
locationsText.AppendLine();
locationsText.Append(location);
}
throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format("Partial view {0} not found. Locations Searched: {1}", partialViewName, locationsText));
}
//Here the method that will be called from MasterPage or Aspx
public static void RenderAction(string controllerName, string actionName, object routeValues)
{
RenderPartial("PartialRender", new RenderActionViewModel() { ControllerName = controllerName, ActionName = actionName, RouteValues = routeValues });
}
public class RenderActionViewModel
{
public string ControllerName { get; set; }
public string ActionName { get; set; }
public object RouteValues { get; set; }
}
2) 现在创建一个名为 DummyController
的控制器。
//Here the Dummy controller with Dummy view
public class DummyController : Controller
{
public ActionResult PartialRender()
{
return PartialView();
}
}
PartialRender.cshtml
的虚拟视图(Razor视图),并将其添加到 DummyController
中,内容如下。请注意,它将使用Html帮助程序执行另一个Render操作。@model Portal.MVC.MvcUtility.RenderActionViewModel
@{Html.RenderAction(Model.ActionName, Model.ControllerName, Model.RouteValues);}
3) 现在把这个内容放入您的MasterPage
或aspx
文件中,来部分渲染您需要的视图。请注意,当您想将多个razor视图与您的MasterPage
或aspx
页面混合时,这是一个很好的答案(假设我们有一个名为“Login”的PartialView用于Home控制器)。
<% MyApplication.MvcUtility.RenderAction("Home", "Login", new { }); %>
如果您有一个可以传递到操作中的模型
<% MyApplication.MvcUtility.RenderAction("Home", "Login", new { Name="Daniel", Age = 30 }); %>
最明显的方法是通过 AJAX。
可以像这样实现(使用 jQuery):
<div id="mvcpartial"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).load(function () {
$.ajax(
{
type: "GET",
url : "urltoyourmvcaction",
success : function (msg) { $("#mvcpartial").html(msg); }
});
});
</script>
太好了,谢谢!
我正在使用.NET 4上的MVC 2,它要求将TextWriter传递到ViewContext中,因此您必须像下面所示传递httpContextWrapper.Response.Output。
public static void RenderPartial(String partialName, Object model)
{
// get a wrapper for the legacy WebForm context
var httpContextWrapper = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
// create a mock route that points to the empty controller
var routeData = new RouteData();
routeData.Values.Add(_controller, _webFormController);
// create a controller context for the route and http context
var controllerContext = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpContextWrapper, routeData), new WebFormController());
// find the partial view using the viewengine
var view = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialName).View as WebFormView;
// create a view context and assign the model
var viewContext = new ViewContext(controllerContext, view, new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, new TempDataDictionary(), httpContextWrapper.Response.Output);
// render the partial view
view.Render(viewContext, httpContextWrapper.Response.Output);
}
这里有一种和我使用的类似的方法。策略是将局部视图渲染为字符串,然后在WebForm页面中输出该字符串。
public class TemplateHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// Render a Partial View (MVC User Control, .ascx) to a string using the given ViewData.
/// http://www.joeyb.org/blog/2010/01/23/aspnet-mvc-2-render-template-to-string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="controlName"></param>
/// <param name="viewData"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string RenderPartialToString(string controlName, object viewData)
{
ViewDataDictionary vd = new ViewDataDictionary(viewData);
ViewPage vp = new ViewPage { ViewData = vd};
Control control = vp.LoadControl(controlName);
vp.Controls.Add(control);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(sb))
{
using (HtmlTextWriter tw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw))
{
vp.RenderControl(tw);
}
}
return sb.ToString();
}
}
在页面代码后台,你可以做以下事情
public partial class TestPartial : System.Web.UI.Page
{
public string NavigationBarContent
{
get;
set;
}
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
NavigationVM oVM = new NavigationVM();
NavigationBarContent = TemplateHelper.RenderPartialToString("~/Views/Shared/NavigationBar.ascx", oVM);
}
}
<%= NavigationBarContent %>
<%@ Control Language="C#"
AutoEventWireup="true"
CodeFile="PartialViewControl.ascx.cs"
Inherits="PartialViewControl" %>
/controls/PartialViewControl.ascx.cs:
public partial class PartialViewControl : System.Web.UI.UserControl {
[Browsable(true),
Category("Configutation"),
Description("Specifies an absolute or relative path to the content to display.")]
public string contentUrl { get; set; }
protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) {
string requestPath = (contentUrl.StartsWith("http") ? contentUrl : "http://" + Request.Url.DnsSafeHost + Page.ResolveUrl(contentUrl));
WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(requestPath);
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
var responseStreamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream);
var buffer = new char[32768];
int read;
while ((read = responseStreamReader.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0) {
writer.Write(buffer, 0, read);
}
}
}
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Register Src="~/controls/PartialViewControl.ascx" TagPrefix="mcs" TagName="PartialViewControl" %>
<h1>My MVC Partial View</h1>
<p>Below is the content from by MVC partial view (or any other URL).</p>
<mcs:PartialViewControl runat="server" contentUrl="/MyMVCView/" />
顺便说一下,我需要能够从现有的Webforms代码动态地呈现部分视图,并将其插入到给定控件的顶部。我发现Keith的答案可能会导致部分视图在<html />
标签之外呈现。
受Keith和Hilarius答案的启发,我没有直接呈现到HttpContext.Current.Response.Output,而是呈现了HTML字符串并将其作为LiteralControl添加到相关控件中。
在静态帮助类中:
public static string RenderPartial(string partialName, object model)
{
//get a wrapper for the legacy WebForm context
var httpCtx = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
//create a mock route that points to the empty controller
var rt = new RouteData();
rt.Values.Add("controller", "WebFormController");
//create a controller context for the route and http context
var ctx = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpCtx, rt), new WebFormController());
//find the partial view using the viewengine
var view = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(ctx, partialName).View;
//create a view context and assign the model
var vctx = new ViewContext(ctx, view, new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, new TempDataDictionary(), new StringWriter());
// This will render the partial view direct to the output, but be careful as it may end up outside of the <html /> tag
//view.Render(vctx, HttpContext.Current.Response.Output);
// Better to render like this and create a literal control to add to the parent
var html = new StringWriter();
view.Render(vctx, html);
return html.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
}
internal void AddPartialViewToControl(HtmlGenericControl ctrl, int? insertAt = null, object model)
{
var lit = new LiteralControl { Text = MvcHelper.RenderPartial("~/Views/Shared/_MySharedView.cshtml", model};
if (insertAt == null)
{
ctrl.Controls.Add(lit);
return;
}
ctrl.Controls.AddAt(insertAt.Value, lit);
}