如何正确克隆一个JavaScript对象？

_ = function(oReferance) {
  var aReferances = new Array();
  var getPrototypeOf = function(oObject) {
    if(typeof(Object.getPrototypeOf)!=="undefined") return Object.getPrototypeOf(oObject);
    var oTest = new Object();
    if(typeof(oObject.__proto__)!=="undefined"&&typeof(oTest.__proto__)!=="undefined"&&oTest.__proto__===Object.prototype) return oObject.__proto__;
    if(typeof(oObject.constructor)!=="undefined"&&typeof(oTest.constructor)!=="undefined"&&oTest.constructor===Object&&typeof(oObject.constructor.prototype)!=="undefined") return oObject.constructor.prototype;
    return Object.prototype;
  };
  var recursiveCopy = function(oSource) {
    if(typeof(oSource)!=="object") return oSource;
    if(oSource===null) return null;
    for(var i=0;i<aReferances.length;i++) if(aReferances[i][0]===oSource) return aReferances[i][1];
    var Copy = new Function();
    Copy.prototype = getPrototypeOf(oSource);
    var oCopy = new Copy();
    aReferances.push([oSource,oCopy]);
    for(sPropertyName in oSource) if(oSource.hasOwnProperty(sPropertyName)) oCopy[sPropertyName] = recursiveCopy(oSource[sPropertyName]);
    return oCopy;
  };
  return recursiveCopy(oReferance);
};

// Examples:
Wigit = function(){};
Wigit.prototype.bInThePrototype = true;
A = new Wigit();
A.nCoolNumber = 7;
B = _(A);
B.nCoolNumber = 8; // A.nCoolNumber is still 7
B.bInThePrototype // true
B instanceof Wigit // true

许多同行在这里提出的深度克隆解决方案 JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(orig_obj)存在几个问题，我发现了以下问题：

1. 它在复制原始对象时会丢弃值为 undefined 的条目
2. 如果有一些像 Infinity 、 NaN 等的值，则在复制时它们将被转换为 null
3. 如果原始对象中有一个 Date 类型，则它将在克隆对象中被字符串化（ typeof date_entry --> string ）

找到了一种有效的方式来克隆对象，并且在各种情况下都运作良好。请查看下面的代码，因为它已经解决了所有上述 JSON.parse(...) 的缺点，同时产生了适当的深层克隆：

var orig_obj = {
  string: 'my_str',
  number: 123,
  bool: false,
  nul: null,
  nested : {
    value : true
  },
  nan : NaN,
  date: new Date(), 
  undef: undefined,
  inf: Infinity,
}
console.log("original_obj before modification: ", orig_obj, "\n");
console.log(typeof orig_obj.date, "\n");

var clone_obj = Object.assign({}, orig_obj);

//this below loop will help in deep cloning and solving above issues
for(let prop in orig_obj) {
    if(typeof orig_obj[prop] === "object") {
        if(orig_obj[prop] instanceof Date)
            clone_obj[prop] = orig_obj[prop];
        else {
            clone_obj[prop] = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(orig_obj[prop]));
        }
    }
}

console.log("cloned_obj before modification: ", orig_obj, "\n");

clone_obj.bool = true;
clone_obj.nested.value = "false";

console.log("original_obj post modification: ", orig_obj, "\n");
console.log("cloned_obj post modification: ", clone_obj, "\n");
console.log(typeof clone_obj.date);

这里有一种现代化的解决方案，它没有Object.assign()的缺陷（不会通过引用进行复制）：

const cloneObj = (obj) => {
    return Object.keys(obj).reduce((dolly, key) => {
        dolly[key] = (obj[key].constructor === Object) ?
            cloneObj(obj[key]) :
            obj[key];
        return dolly;
    }, {});
};

class base {
  get under(){return true}
}

class a extends base {}

const b = {
  get b1(){return true},
  b: true
}

console.log('Object assign')
let t1 = Object.create(b)
t1.x = true
const c = Object.assign(t1, new a())
console.log(c.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(c.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(c.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(c.b1 ? 'get value unchanged' : 'get value lost')
c.b1 = false
console.log(c.b1? 'get unchanged' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('Object assign  - order swopped')
t1 = Object.create(b)
t1.x = true
const d = Object.assign(new a(), t1)
console.log(d.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(d.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(d.under ? 'inheritance n/a': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(d.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
d.b1 = false
console.log(d.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('Spread operator')
t1 = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
t1.x = true
const e = { ...t1, ...t2 }
console.log(e.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(e.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(e.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(e.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
e.b1 = false
console.log(e.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('Spread operator on getPrototypeOf')
t1 = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
t1.x = true
const e1 = { ...Object.getPrototypeOf(t1), ...Object.getPrototypeOf(t2) }
console.log(e1.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(e1.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(e1.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(e1.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
e1.b1 = false
console.log(e1.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('keys, defineProperty, getOwnPropertyDescriptor')
f = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
f.x = 'a'
Object.keys(t2).forEach(key=> {
  Object.defineProperty(f,key,Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(t2, key))
})
console.log(f.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(f.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(f.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(f.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
f.b1 = false
console.log(f.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('defineProperties, getOwnPropertyDescriptors')
let g = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
g.x = 'a'
Object.defineProperties(g,Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t2))
console.log(g.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(g.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(g.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(g.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
g.b1 = false
console.log(g.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')

我曾在标量对象的情况下尝试过这个方法，对我来说有效：

function binder(i) {
  return function () {
    return i;
  };
}

a=1;
b=binder(a)(); // copy value of a into b

alert(++a); // 2
alert(b); // still 1

Regards.

不同之处

仅复制顶层: {...object} 和 Object.assign({}, object)

let objA = {
  a: "keyA",
  b: {
    c: "keyC",
  }
}
let objB = Object.assign({}, objA); // or  {...objB}
// change objB
objB.a = "Change objA.a (top)"
console.log("objA.a (top) No Change:\n" + JSON.stringify(objA, false, 2));

objB.b.c = "change should be only for objB.b.c but it in objA.b.c"
console.log("objA.a.c second level has Change:\n" + JSON.stringify(objA, false, 2));

如果需要进行深拷贝，请使用structuredClone() 2022或者JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(object))（对于旧的浏览器），这两种方法都很简单易用，无需进行任何hack。

let objA = {
  a: "keyA",
  b: {
    c: "keyC",
  }
}
let objB = typeof structuredClone == 'function' ?
  structuredClone(objA) : JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(objA));
// change objB
objB.a = "Change objA.a (top)"
objB.b.c = "change should be only for objB.c but it in objA.c"

console.log("objA has no Change:\n" + JSON.stringify(objA, false, 2));

import defaults from 'object.defaults';

const myCopy = defaults({}, myObject);

JavaScript中复制对象的方法

1. 使用扩展运算符（...）语法
2. 使用Object.assign()方法
3. 使用JSON.stringify()和JSON.parse()方法

const person = {
    firstName: 'John',
    lastName: 'Doe'
};

// using spread ...
let p1 = {
    ...person
};

// using  Object.assign() method
let p2 = Object.assign({}, person);

// using JSON
let p3 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(person));

{
    '123':456
}

如果你只是需要任何其他答案，那么这里的任何其他答案都可能有效。

但是，如果你有...

{
    '123':<reactJSComponent>,
    '456':document.createElement('div'),
}

    // cloneVariable() : Clone variable, return null for elements or components.
var cloneVariable = function (args) {
    const variable = args.variable;

    if(variable === null) {
            return null;
    }

    if(typeof(variable) === 'object') {
            if(variable instanceof HTMLElement || variable.nodeType > 0) {
                    return null;
            }

            if(Array.isArray(variable)) {
                    var arrayclone = [];

                    variable.forEach((element) => {
                            arrayclone.push(cloneVariable({'variable':element}));
                    });

                    return arrayclone;
            }

            var objectclone = {};

            Object.keys(variable).forEach((field) => {
                    objectclone[field] = cloneVariable({'variable':variable[field]});
            });

            return objectclone;
    }

    return variable;
}