Swing:在当前视口位置的条件下滚动JScrollPane到底部

13

我正在尝试模仿Adium和大多数其他聊天客户端的功能,即在新消息到达时滚动条向下移动到底部,但仅当您已经在底部时才会这样做。换句话说,如果您向上滚动了几行并正在阅读,当新消息进来时它不会跳到屏幕底部; 这将是很烦人的。但是,如果您已经滚动到底部,程序会正确地认为您希望始终看到最新的消息,因此会自动滚动。

我一直在努力模仿这个功能;该平台似乎竭尽全力阻止这种行为。我能做的最好的就是:

在构造函数中:

JTextArea chatArea = new JTextArea();
JScrollPane chatAreaScrollPane = new JScrollPane(chatArea);

// We will manually handle advancing chat window
DefaultCaret caret = (DefaultCaret) chatArea.getCaret();
caret.setUpdatePolicy(DefaultCaret.NEVER_UPDATE);
在处理新文本的方法中:
boolean atBottom = isViewAtBottom();

// Append the text using styles etc to the chatArea

if (atBottom) {
    scrollViewportToBottom();
} 


public boolean isAtBottom() {
    // Is the last line of text the last line of text visible?
    Adjustable sb = chatAreaScrollPane.getVerticalScrollBar();

    int val = sb.getValue();
    int lowest = val + sb.getVisibleAmount();
    int maxVal = sb.getMaximum();

    boolean atBottom = maxVal == lowest;
    return atBottom;
}


private void scrollToBottom() {
    chatArea.setCaretPosition(chatArea.getDocument().getLength());
}

现在,这种方法虽然可行,但有两个问题不太理想:

  1. 通过设置插入符位置,将删除用户在聊天区域中可能有的任何选择内容。如果用户正在尝试复制/粘贴,这可能非常恼人。
  2. 由于滚动窗格的提升是在文本被插入后发生的,因此会出现滚动条位置错误的瞬间,然后它才会向最末端跳转。这不是一个理想的情况。

在你询问之前,是的我已经阅读过这篇关于文本区滚动的博客文章,但默认的滚动到底部行为并不是我想要的。

其他相关(但在我的看法中,对此没有完全帮助)的问题: 设置JScrollPane上的滚动条 使JScrollPane自动滚动到底部

非常感谢任何在此方面提供的帮助。

编辑:

根据Devon_C_Miller的建议,我有了一种更好的滚动到底部的方法,解决了问题#1。

private void scrollToBottom() {
    javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
       public void run() {
           try {
               int endPosition = chatArea.getDocument().getLength();
               Rectangle bottom = chatArea.modelToView(endPosition);
               chatArea.scrollRectToVisible(bottom);
           }
           catch (BadLocationException e) {
               System.err.println("Could not scroll to " + e);
           }
       }
    });
}

我仍然有问题 #2。


你可以在这里检查我的答案: https://dev59.com/SW855IYBdhLWcg3w_5gQ#23654546 - Tim Autin
7个回答

7
请看scrollRectToVisible(Rectangle r)modelToView(int pos),这可以让您达到所需的效果,而不会影响用户的选择。
至于滚动条,请尝试在不同的事件中强制发生滚动和追加。例如:
if (atBottom) {
    // append new line & do scroll
    SwingUtilities.invokerLater(new Runnable(){
        public void run() {
            // append text
        }});
} else {
    // append newline
    // append text
}

我不明白你所说的不同事件是什么意思……我正在作为一个单独的事件滚动。 - I82Much
将滚动和追加分开的目的是为了让GUI有机会在滚动和添加文本之间重新绘制。这使得滚动条在文本出现之前移动到底部。 - Devon_C_Miller
我正在拆分滚动和追加,但显然追加必须在滚动之前发生,否则当文本被追加时,我们不会在视图底部。 - I82Much
请查看我上面发布的代码中的注释。在一个事件中添加一个新行并滚动,然后在invokeLater中添加没有前导换行符的文本。 - Devon_C_Miller

5

根据之前的回答和进一步的谷歌搜索,我进行了一个测试,在其中一个线程不断地将字符串附加到JScrollPane中的JTextArea中。我认为在这里使用invokeLater很重要,因为JScrollBar需要用其新的最大值更新,然后我们才能滚动到该值。使用invokeLater,AWT线程将负责此操作。

private class AppendThread extends Thread {
    public void run() {
      while (true) {
        String s = "random number = " + Math.random() + "\n";
        boolean scrollDown = textAreaBottomIsVisible();
        textArea.append(s);
        if (scrollDown) {
          javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
                  public void run() {
                      JScrollBar bar = scrollPane.getVerticalScrollBar();
                      bar.setValue(bar.getMaximum());
                  }
              }
          );
        }
        try {
          Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          System.err.println("exception = " + e);
        }
      }
    }

    private boolean textAreaBottomIsVisible() {
      Adjustable sb = scrollPane.getVerticalScrollBar();
      int val = sb.getValue();
      int lowest = val + sb.getVisibleAmount();
      int maxVal = sb.getMaximum();
      boolean atBottom = maxVal == lowest;
      return atBottom;
    }
}

2
有点晚了,但我找到了一些内容:http://www.camick.com/java/source/SmartScroller.java 本质上,您可以使用以下代码:
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(myOversizedComponent);
// Injects smartscroll behaviour to your scrollpane
new SmartScroller(scrollPane); 

以下是SmartScroller类:

import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;

/**
 *  The SmartScroller will attempt to keep the viewport positioned based on
 *  the users interaction with the scrollbar. The normal behaviour is to keep
 *  the viewport positioned to see new data as it is dynamically added.
 *
 *  Assuming vertical scrolling and data is added to the bottom:
 *
 *  - when the viewport is at the bottom and new data is added,
 *    then automatically scroll the viewport to the bottom
 *  - when the viewport is not at the bottom and new data is added,
 *    then do nothing with the viewport
 *
 *  Assuming vertical scrolling and data is added to the top:
 *
 *  - when the viewport is at the top and new data is added,
 *    then do nothing with the viewport
 *  - when the viewport is not at the top and new data is added, then adjust
 *    the viewport to the relative position it was at before the data was added
 *
 *  Similiar logic would apply for horizontal scrolling.
 */
public class SmartScroller implements AdjustmentListener
{
    public final static int HORIZONTAL = 0;
    public final static int VERTICAL = 1;

    public final static int START = 0;
    public final static int END = 1;

    private int viewportPosition;

    private JScrollBar scrollBar;
    private boolean adjustScrollBar = true;

    private int previousValue = -1;
    private int previousMaximum = -1;

    /**
     *  Convenience constructor.
     *  Scroll direction is VERTICAL and viewport position is at the END.
     *
     *  @param scrollPane the scroll pane to monitor
     */
    public SmartScroller(JScrollPane scrollPane)
    {
        this(scrollPane, VERTICAL, END);
    }

    /**
     *  Convenience constructor.
     *  Scroll direction is VERTICAL.
     *
     *  @param scrollPane the scroll pane to monitor
     *  @param viewportPosition valid values are START and END
     */
    public SmartScroller(JScrollPane scrollPane, int viewportPosition)
    {
        this(scrollPane, VERTICAL, viewportPosition);
    }

    /**
     *  Specify how the SmartScroller will function.
     *
     *  @param scrollPane the scroll pane to monitor
     *  @param scrollDirection indicates which JScrollBar to monitor.
     *                         Valid values are HORIZONTAL and VERTICAL.
     *  @param viewportPosition indicates where the viewport will normally be
     *                          positioned as data is added.
     *                          Valid values are START and END
     */
    public SmartScroller(JScrollPane scrollPane, int scrollDirection, int viewportPosition)
    {
        if (scrollDirection != HORIZONTAL
        &&  scrollDirection != VERTICAL)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid scroll direction specified");

        if (viewportPosition != START
        &&  viewportPosition != END)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid viewport position specified");

        this.viewportPosition = viewportPosition;

        if (scrollDirection == HORIZONTAL)
            scrollBar = scrollPane.getHorizontalScrollBar();
        else
            scrollBar = scrollPane.getVerticalScrollBar();

        scrollBar.addAdjustmentListener( this );

        //  Turn off automatic scrolling for text components

        Component view = scrollPane.getViewport().getView();

        if (view instanceof JTextComponent)
        {
            JTextComponent textComponent = (JTextComponent)view;
            DefaultCaret caret = (DefaultCaret)textComponent.getCaret();
            caret.setUpdatePolicy(DefaultCaret.NEVER_UPDATE);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void adjustmentValueChanged(final AdjustmentEvent e)
    {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable()
        {
            public void run()
            {
                checkScrollBar(e);
            }
        });
    }

    /*
     *  Analyze every adjustment event to determine when the viewport
     *  needs to be repositioned.
     */
    private void checkScrollBar(AdjustmentEvent e)
    {
        //  The scroll bar listModel contains information needed to determine
        //  whether the viewport should be repositioned or not.

        JScrollBar scrollBar = (JScrollBar)e.getSource();
        BoundedRangeModel listModel = scrollBar.getModel();
        int value = listModel.getValue();
        int extent = listModel.getExtent();
        int maximum = listModel.getMaximum();

        boolean valueChanged = previousValue != value;
        boolean maximumChanged = previousMaximum != maximum;

        //  Check if the user has manually repositioned the scrollbar

        if (valueChanged && !maximumChanged)
        {
            if (viewportPosition == START)
                adjustScrollBar = value != 0;
            else
                adjustScrollBar = value + extent >= maximum;
        }

        //  Reset the "value" so we can reposition the viewport and
        //  distinguish between a user scroll and a program scroll.
        //  (ie. valueChanged will be false on a program scroll)

        if (adjustScrollBar && viewportPosition == END)
        {
            //  Scroll the viewport to the end.
            scrollBar.removeAdjustmentListener( this );
            value = maximum - extent;
            scrollBar.setValue( value );
            scrollBar.addAdjustmentListener( this );
        }

        if (adjustScrollBar && viewportPosition == START)
        {
            //  Keep the viewport at the same relative viewportPosition
            scrollBar.removeAdjustmentListener( this );
            value = value + maximum - previousMaximum;
            scrollBar.setValue( value );
            scrollBar.addAdjustmentListener( this );
        }

        previousValue = value;
        previousMaximum = maximum;
    }
}

1

看看这个示例

不过,我会改用下面更有效的代码:

caret.setDot(textArea.getDocument().getLength());

那个例子再次丢弃了选择。此外,滚动条仍然会跳动。 - I82Much
我没有看到“滚动条跳动”的情况。如果找到选择内容,您可以随时更改代码以不重置插入符位置。然后视口就不会自动滚动,但我认为这是您想要的行为。如果用户当前正在选择文本,则滚动不应该是自动的。 - camickr

1

0

0
DefaultCaret caret = (DefaultCaret)textArea.getCaret();  
caret.setUpdatePolicy(DefaultCaret.ALWAYS_UPDATE); 

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