使用透明背景保存R绘图的问题

Question

我尝试使用png格式将R图保存为透明背景。我已经遵循stackoverflow上的一些推荐方法，但每次仍然得到白色背景。我的测试数据如下：

structure(list(wd = c(7.5, 22.5, 37.5, 52.5, 67.5, 82.5, 97.5, 
112.5, 127.5, 142.5, 157.5, 172.5, 187.5, 202.5, 217.5, 232.5, 
247.5, 262.5, 277.5, 292.5, 307.5, 322.5, 337.5, 352.5), MP1 = c(17.6, 
21, 20.5, 26.5, 32.7, 38.3, 40.7, 41.8, 41.6, 44.4, 52.4, 62.5, 
70.7, 74.4, 71.1, 66.9, 66.9, 69.4, 69.4, 67.4, 63.4, 55.9, 43.9, 
33.9)), .Names = c("wd", "MP1"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-24L))

我尝试了两种方法，但是都无法去除背景。

方法1：

library(ggplot2)
library(cairo)

ggplot(dat, aes(wd, MP1)) +
  coord_polar( start = 0, direction = 1) +
  xlab("")+
  ylab("")+
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 360), expand = c(0, 0), breaks = seq(0, 360-1, by = 90), labels=c("North", "East","South", "West")) +
  geom_vline(xintercept = seq(0, 360-1, by = 15), colour = "grey90", size = 0.2) +
  geom_bar(width=15, stat='identity', fill= "cyan", colour= "white") +
  theme_bw() +
  theme(panel.border = element_blank(),
        legend.key = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid = element_blank())

Cairo(width = 640, height = 480, file="test.png", type="png", 
      bg = "transparent")

dev.off()

方法2：

png("test.png", width = 4 * 800,
    height = 4 * 800, res = 600)

ggplot(dat, aes(wd, MP1)) +
  coord_polar( start = 0, direction = 1) +
  xlab("")+
  ylab("")+
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 360), expand = c(0, 0), breaks = seq(0, 360-1, by = 90), labels=c("North", "East","South", "West")) +
  geom_vline(xintercept = seq(0, 360-1, by = 15), colour = "grey90", size = 0.2) +
  geom_bar(width=15, stat='identity', fill= "cyan", colour= "white") +
  theme_bw() +
  theme(panel.border = element_blank(),
        legend.key = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid = element_blank(),
       plot.background = element_rect(fill = NULL,colour = NA))

dev.off()

很遗憾，这两种方法都不能给我透明的背景色，如果我将其添加到ArcGIS或Microsoft Word文档中，仍然会显示白色背景。我非常感谢任何可能的建议，因为我没有收到任何错误消息，但却没有得到透明的背景色。提前致谢。

- Achak

Answer 1

根据@Molx和@aosmith的评论，下面的答案对我有用，所以我只是发布这个答案，以供日后其他人参考：

 ggplot(dat, aes(wd, MP1)) +
      coord_polar( start = 0, direction = 1) +
      xlab("")+
      ylab("")+
      scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0, 360), expand = c(0, 0), breaks = seq(0, 360-1, by = 90), labels=c("North", "East","South", "West")) +
      geom_vline(xintercept = seq(0, 360-1, by = 15), colour = "grey90", size = 0.2) +
      geom_bar(width=15, stat='identity', fill= "cyan", colour= "white") +
      theme_bw() +
      theme(panel.border = element_blank(),
            legend.key = element_blank(),
           axis.ticks = element_blank(),
           axis.text.y = element_blank(),
           axis.text.x = element_blank(),
           panel.grid = element_blank(),
           panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
           panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
                   panel.background = element_blank(),
               plot.background = element_rect(fill = "transparent",colour = NA))

    ggsave("test.png", bg = "transparent")

- Achak

---

ggsave("test.png", bg = "transparent") 我正在寻找这个，谢谢！ - anderwyang